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Conference Object Citation - WoS: 27Citation - Scopus: 41Ux Professionals' Definitions of Usability and Ux - a Comparison Between Turkey, Finland, Denmark, France and Malaysia(Springer international Publishing Ag, 2017) Rajanen, Dorina; Clemmensen, Torkil; Iivari, Netta; Inal, Yavuz; Rizvanoglu, Kerem; Sivaji, Ashok; Roche, AmelieThis paper examines the views of user experience (UX) professionals on the definitions of usability and UX, and compares the findings between countries and within different socio-cultural groups. A mixed-method analysis was employed on data gathered on 422 professionals through a survey in Turkey, Finland, Denmark, France, and Malaysia. Usability appears to be an established concept, respondents across all countries agreeing on the importance of the ISO 9241-11 definition. There is also a tendency that UX professionals attach organizational perspective to usability. UX professionals diverge when defining UX, and there are systematic differences related to socio-cultural conditions. UX professionals in Finland and France incline more towards the definition highlighting the experiential qualities, when compared to Turkey and Malaysia that incline towards the definition reflecting the ease of use, utility, attractiveness, and degree of usage. Further research should address the implications of the diverse meanings and contexts of usability and UX.Article Citation - WoS: 26Citation - Scopus: 35Web Accessibility in Turkey: Awareness, Understanding and Practices of User Experience Professionals(Springer Heidelberg, 2019) Inal, Yavuz; Rizvanoglu, Kerem; Yesilada, YelizEnsuring web accessibility for all is not an easy task and requires the awareness, understanding and practices of people with different roles. User experience professionals (UXPs) play an important role in ensuring web accessibility for all. However, in Turkey, there is no research concerning the status of the awareness, understanding and common practices of UXPs. The overall goal of the present work was to offer an assessment of the current situation in Turkey to suggest areas of improvement and changes to advance web accessibility practices. To meet this goal, we conducted an online survey. The results of this survey show that UXPs believe they have enough training and education in web accessibility; however, they are not familiar with web accessibility standards and assistive technologies used by people with disabilities. They do not work with people with disabilities in their studies on usability, and they do not consider web accessibility in their projects. Our findings also show that UXPs have a top-down approach to web accessibility and they think that it is the responsibility of project managers to make web applications accessible. In brief, the study showed that UXPs in Turkey need to be better educated and trained on web accessibility, and organizations need to realize that both top-down and bottom-up approaches are required to ensure accessibility of the web for all.Article Citation - WoS: 39Citation - Scopus: 49Usability and Accessibility Evaluation of Libyan Government Websites(Springer Heidelberg, 2019) Karaim, Nuha Awlad; Inal, YavuzThe aim of this study was to evaluate the usability and accessibility of Libyan government websites. A total of ten government websites in Libya were analyzed according to the criteria of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines version 2.0, and one of them was selected for further analysis based on usability criteria. The results showed that the evaluated website had significant number of usability problems. More than half of the usability problems were rated as major and catastrophic. Visibility of system status, user control and freedom, and user help recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors were the most violated heuristic items. All Libyan government websites did not pass accessibility evaluation using the AChecker tool with the exception of the website for Management of Scholarships, and all failed using the TAW tool. Providing text alternatives for each non-text element was the most frequently violated success criterion for Libyan government websites.Conference Object Citation - Scopus: 1Online Shopping Web Sites' Perceived Usability: a Case Study With Turkish Shopping Related Web Sites(Springer international Publishing Ag, 2021) Demirci, H. MerveUsing an online shopping website could be considered preferable to shopping from a crowded shop where one may interact with other people. The underlying reasons for this preference related to the psychology of the people; whether they are introverted or shy, or while online shopping, people may feel freer than being in a physical shop with lots of people, which may lead them to feel irritated [1]. On the other hand, the reason may relate to the websites' design and usability to make them a better option. This study aims to analyze the shopping sites' interface designs' perceived usability on users in Turkey and the relation of the websites' measured usability with the help of CogTool to make a comprehension between the findings. To reach this aim, first of all, a survey had conducted through an e-mail to choose the most preferred online shopping sites with 25 women. Afterward, one task had been decided; buying the same shoe for participants to complete to measure decided websites' usability. The usability test had been done with CogTool to the chosen websites, and a user test had been done with the ten female users out of 25 as a continuation of the first phase of the study. The study's findings show the underlying reasons for the preferences and the overlapping values between usability and user tests.Conference Object Citation - Scopus: 3Error Density Metrics for Business Process Model(2009) Tonbul,G.; Misra,S.In this paper, metrics for business process model (BPM), are proposed, which are capable to measure the usability and effectiveness of BPMs. The proposed model is adapting error density metrics to BPMs by considering the similarities between the conceptual characteristics of BPMs and software products. We applied seven software metrics for evaluating quality of business processes/process models. Results show that our metrics help the organization to improve their process, as weighted measurements are indicators for unexpected situations/behaviour for business processes. © 2009 IEEE.Conference Object Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1Eye-Tracking To Enhance Usability: a Race Game(Springer international Publishing Ag, 2019) Ilhan, A. EzgiAn important field of research in human-computer interaction studies is the usability of computer games. This paper provides brief definitions of human-computer interactions and usability, and also describes the relevance of these interactions to computer games. Design decisions concerning game elements such as graphical user interface, feedback messages, position and the colour of functional buttons located on the game screen play an important role in identifying the usability and playability of computer games. This study uses eye-tracking technology in order to record eye movements to focus the action of "seeing", which reflects the inner world of humans. A managerial racing game was chosen as an example to analyse its usability. In this context, the design of the social race game was reviewed by recording eye movement data of the participants. The results of eye-tracking data were supported by user comments, which were finally used to improve the design and usability features of the game.Article Citation - WoS: 6Citation - Scopus: 7User-Friendly Locations of Error Messages in Web Forms: an Eye Tracking Study(int Group Eye Movement Research, 2016) Inal, YavuzError messages presented to users are one of the most important elements of Web forms. Error messages are embedded in different parts of the forms available on the Internet and presented in various formats. One of the measures of a user-friendly error message design is the ability to easily capture users' attention and facilitate fast error correction. In this empirical study, I tested four different locations of error messages frequently used in Web forms on 32 participants. In addition, I analysed the participants' interactions with error messages through their eye movements. The results of the study showed that the participants spotted the error message fastest when it was displayed on the right side of the erroneous input field. When error messages displayed further the input field users have less saccades to and fixations on error messages compared to those located near to this field, suggesting that less effort has been spent to understand the given message. However, group mean differences were not statistically significant for form completion time, error recognition time, the number of saccades, and error correction time.
