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Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14411/19

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Historical Context and Contemporary Interventions: Integrating AI-Assisted Design Processes Into Architectural Education
(Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe, 2025) Demiröz, M.; Cinar, S.
This study explores AI-assisted design methodologies in architectural education through a pedagogical experiment conducted during the 2024-2025 Fall Semester in a third-year architectural design studio. Titled “Contemporary Interventions in Historic Contexts,” the workshop focused on using AI tools to engage with historical continuity and create contemporary architectural interventions. Set in Amasya, Türkiye—a city rich in architectural heritage—the studio examined the role of text-to-image and image-to-image AI tools in conceptual development, spatial representation, and iterative design. The research positions AI within architectural heritage discourse and design pedagogy, analyzing its role in facilitating design inquiry, engagement with historical context, and conceptual clarity. Findings show that, when integrated into iterative design, AI enhances students’ ability to critically engage with historical contexts, explore novel spatial configurations, and develop innovative architectural responses. Rather than merely serving as a visualization tool, AI is framed as an active collaborator in the creative process, supporting architectural thinking while preserving human-centered design. The study uses a qualitative methodology, combining case study analysis and student work evaluation, including AI-generated images, sketches, models, and final proposals. © 2025, Education and research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe. All rights reserved.
Mild Solutions for Neutral Conformable Fractional Order Functional Evolution Equations Using Meir-Keeler Type Fixed Point Theorem
(Politechnica University of Bucharest, 2025) Berrighi, F.; Medjadj, I.; Karapınar, E.
Our mission is to demonstrate the existence, uniqueness, attractiveness, and controllability of mild solutions to neutral conformable fractional-order functional evolution equations, specifically of order between 1 and 2. These intriguing equations encompass finite delay, all while adhering to local conditions within a separable Banach space. By invoking Meir-Keeler’s fixed-point Theorem and enhancing it with measures of noncompactness, we establish the existence of these solutions. To highlight the potency of our approach, we present a captivating example. © 2025, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.
The Sixth International Workshop on Nonlinear Analysis and Its Applications Preface by the Guest Editors
(Univ Belgrade, Fac Electrical Engineering, 2025) Karapinar, Erdal; Cvetkovic, Marija; Cirovic, Natasa A.
QRS (Quality-Reliability-Safety) Complex of Engineering: Its Importance and Necessity in Engineering Education
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2026) Eryilmaz, S.
Although quality, reliability and safety are well-known concepts, the importance of these concepts has increased even more considering today's technologies and integrated systems. It is important that these concepts are known by engineers who play an important role in the design of such systems. This article aims to emphasize the importance and necessity of teaching the triple of quality, reliability and safety, expressed with the acronym QRS, in engineering education. In particular, the definitions of these concepts, the relationships between them and the basic issues that should be known by any engineering student regarding these concepts are summarized. Some suggestions are offered to help engineering students gain competence in these subjects. © The Author(s) 2026
Endoscopic Management of Congenital Middle Ear Ossicular Chain Anomalies: A Multicenter Study
(2026) Orhan, Kadir Serkan; Çelik, Mehmet; Özdek, Ali; Gülşen, Secaattin; Yorgancilar, Ediz; Sürmelioğlu, Özgür; Güneri, Enis Alpin
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the surgical and audiological outcomes of transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES) in patients with congenital ossicular chain anomalies (COCAs) using the Teunissen-Cremers classification system. STUDY DESIGN: Multicenter, retrospective clinical study. SETTING: Tertiary referral centers with experienced endoscopic ear surgeons. PATIENTS: A total of 51 patients were diagnosed with COCAs and treated with TEES. Patients with chronic otitis media, cholesteatoma, tympanosclerosis, otosclerosis, or those requiring microscopic/endaural/retroauricular approaches were excluded. INTERVENTION: Transcanal endoscopic ossicular chain reconstructions were performed using various techniques, including stapedotomy, partial and total ossicular prosthesis or autologous bone or cartilage graft placements, and bone cement bridging. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Air-bone gap (ABG) closure, operation duration, hospital stay, and postoperative complications. RESULTS: The mean preoperative ABG was 42.5±10.9 dB HL, which improved to a mean postoperative ABG of 20.3±12.3 dB HL, yielding a mean ABG closure of 22.3±12.2 dB HL. Patients classified as Class 1, 2, and 3 demonstrated significantly greater ABG closure rates compared with Class 4 cases ( P <0.059). The mean surgical duration was 72.1±19.9 minutes, and the mean hospital stay was 29.6±15.3 hours. No intraoperative or immediate postoperative complications were observed. Five patients required revision surgery due to recurrent conductive hearing loss. CONCLUSIONS: TEES is a safe and effective technique for managing COCAs, offering significant ABG improvement, particularly in Class 1 to 3 anomalies. The minimally invasive nature of TEES, combined with superior exposure and visualization, results in favorable audiological outcomes with minimal complications and reduced hospital stay. © © 2025, Otology & Neurotology, Inc.
Catalyst-Free Synthesis of Thiourea-Linked Dumbbell-Shaped POSS for Ultrasensitive Determination of Prilocaine in Human Blood with Computational Insights
(Elsevier Inc., 2026) Bilge, S.; Bayraktar, E.N.; Erkmen, C.; Balci, B.; Abofoul, A.; Içli-Özkut, M.I.; Cihaner, A.
Although various electrochemical sensors have been reported for the determination of local anesthetic drugs, most existing platforms suffer from limited sensitivity, insufficient surface stability, or inadequate electron-transfer efficiency, particularly when applied to complex biological matrices. Moreover, the potential of hybrid polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-based nanostructures combined with metal oxide nanoparticles for improving electroanalytical performance has not yet been thoroughly explored. In this study, a high-sensitivity electrochemical nanosensor was developed for the determination of prilocaine (PC), an amide-type local anesthetic, using a glassy carbon (GC) electrode modified with POSS‑titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (Nps). The combination of modifications provided a unique electrode surface by combining the high stability of POSS with the strong adsorption properties of TiO2 Nps, thereby increasing both surface loading and adsorption capacity. To elucidate the structure of the modification combination, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic techniques, as well as Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis techniques were used, respectively. The analytical performance of the developed nanosensor was systematically optimized using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), adsorptive stripping differential pulse voltammetry (AdSDPV), square wave voltammetry (SWV), and adsorptive stripping square wave voltammetry (AdSSWV) techniques. As a result of the optimization studies, the lowest limit of detection (LOD) was 3.66 × 10−8 M with the AdSSWV technique. DFT results corroborated the mechanism, indicating ring-centered electron donation (HOMO) and adsorption-favored N/O regions (MEP). Low LOD values were also recorded with other techniques, demonstrating the method's high sensitivity in analyte detection. In real sample analysis tests, PC recovery value in human blood samples was determined to be 98.69% using the AdSDPV technique. Despite the matrix effect, the nanosensor demonstrated high accuracy and reproducibility. The results indicate that the developed POSS-TiO2 Nps modified GC electrode sensor offers a high-performance, reliable, and good electrochemical detection platform suitable for use in biological and clinical applications. © 2024
The Role of Emotional Intelligence in the Relationship Between Burnout and Perceived Quality of Care Among Oncology Nurses
(Churchill Livingstone, 2026) Sarı, T.; Çalışkan, B.B.; Pars, H.; Güner-Küçükkaya, P.
Purpose This study aimed to examine the relationships between burnout, emotional intelligence, and perceived caring behaviours among oncology nurses and to assess the predictive and mediating roles of these variables in explaining caring behaviours. Methods A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with 202 oncology nurses in Türkiye. Data were collected using validated instruments measuring burnout, emotional intelligence, and caring behaviors. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analyses, multiple linear regression, and structural equation modeling. Results Emotional intelligence was positively associated with caring behaviours (r = .359, p < .001) and negatively associated with burnout subdimensions. Caring behaviours were inversely related to emotional exhaustion (r = −.258, p < .001), depersonalisation (r = −.397, p < .001), and reduced personal accomplishment (r = −.214, p = .002). In the regression model (R2 = .214, p < .001), emotional intelligence significantly predicted caring behaviours positively (β = .218, p = .002), while depersonalisation was a significant negative predictor (β = −.288, p < .001). However, emotional intelligence did not mediate the relationship between burnout and caring behaviours (Sobel test p = .332). Conclusion While emotional intelligence was positively associated with caring behaviours and buffered the impact of burnout—particularly depersonalisation—it did not mediate the relationship between burnout and caring. These findings support the value of enhancing emotional intelligence to improve care quality and nurse well-being, though contextual factors may influence its mediating role. © 2026 Elsevier Ltd.
Multifunctional POSS-Based Nanoparticles Functionalized with Silver, SPIONs, and Rhamnolipid for Antibacterial Applications
(Elsevier Ltd, 2026) Kibar, G.; Kafali, M.; Ozonuk, O.C.; Öztaş, M.; Usta, B.; Ercan, B.
Nano-engineered materials, particularly those featuring bio-based surface modifications, are emerging as effective tools in combating bacterial infections. In this study, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanoparticles were functionalized with silver nanoparticles (Ag), superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), and the biosurfactant rhamnolipid (RL)—either individually or in combination—to evaluate their antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P. aeruginosa ). The modified nanoparticles exhibited sizes ranging from 127 to 227 nm and demonstrated superparamagnetic behavior, offering potential for magnetic targeting. Among the various formulations, the RL-coated, silver- and SPION-decorated POSS nanoparticles (RSMP) exhibited the highest antibacterial efficacy, reducing S. aureus and P. aeruginosa colony growth by approximately 90 % and 66 %, respectively, at a concentration of 0.01 g/L. RSMP nanoparticles also showed strong biofilm inhibition and had the lowest MIC₅₀ values. Notably, these nanoparticles supported the proliferation of human osteoblasts at concentrations up to 0.05 g/L, indicating favorable cytocompatibility. Overall, RSMP nanoparticles present a promising platform for magnetically targetable antibacterial agents, with potential applications in biomedical fields, particularly for managing orthopedic infections. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.
Legalizing Anti-Gender Ideology and Civil Society Resistance in Turkey
(Elsevier Ltd, 2026) Keysan, A.
This study investigates how feminist, LGBTQI+, labour, and human rights organisations in Turkey frame and negotiate the legal institutionalisation of anti-gender ideology and how these processes generate strategic yet fragile cross-movement alliances. Drawing on Benford and Snow's framing theory and Yuval-Davis's transversal politics, the analysis is based on semi-structured interviews conducted with activists from ten organisations between April and June 2025 and organisational documents. The study conceptualises anti-gender politics in Turkey not as a societal backlash but as a state-driven, multi-layered project of “masculinist entrenchment ( Yetiş & Özdüzen, 2024 )” that restructures legal, ideological, and affective arenas. The findings demonstrate that activists increasingly reframe anti-gender assaults as systemic attacks on democracy, rights, and equality, producing a shift from issue-based coordination to what this article terms “strategic coexistence”, a hybrid alliance formed across previously distant ideological and organisational positions. Diagnostic framing identifies anti-gender reforms as an existential threat, prognostic framing centres on alliance-building, movement memory, and inclusive organisational practices and motivational framing foregrounds shared destiny, solidarity, and the symbolic significance of LGBTQI+ rights. The analysis reveals that while this recontextualisation widens the basis for coalition, the resulting alliance remains structurally unbalanced and fragile. Hierarchical power relations, uneven exposure to political risk, and selective silence, particularly regarding LGBTQI+ concerns, limit the depth and durability of alliances. In this context, LGBTQI+ rights serve both as a catalyst for broad-based mobilisation and as a litmus test for democratic commitment, disclosing the limitations of transversal solidarity under authoritarian regimes. © 2026 Elsevier Ltd.
Linear Two-Dimensional Consecutive K-Type Systems in Multi-State Case
(Elsevier Ltd, 2026) Yi, H.; Balakrishnan, N.; Li, X.
In the context of consecutive k -type systems, multi-state system models are only considered in the one-dimensional case and not in the two-dimensional case due to the complexity involved. In this paper, we consider several linear two-dimensional consecutive k -type systems in the multi-state case for the first time, as generalization of consecutive k -out-of- n systems and l -consecutive- k -out-of- n systems without/with overlapping. These systems include multi-state linear connected-(k , r)-out-of-(m, n): G systems, multi-state linear connected-(k , r)-or-(r , k)-out-of-(m, n): G systems, multi-state linear l -connected-(k , r)-out-of-(m, n): G systems without/with overlapping, and multi-state linear l -connected-(k , r)-or-(r , k)-out-of-(m, n): G systems without/with overlapping. We then derive their reliability functions by using the finite Markov chain imbedding approach (FMCIA) in a new way. We also present several examples to illustrate all the results developed here. © 2026 Elsevier Ltd.
Robust Divergence-Based Tests of Hypotheses for Simple Step-Stress Accelerated Life-Testing Under Gamma Lifetime Distributions
(Elsevier B.V., 2026) Balakrishnan, N.; Jaenada, M.; Pardo, L.
Many modern devices are highly reliable, with long lifetimes before their failure. Conducting reliability tests under actual use conditions may require therefore impractically long experimental times to gather sufficient data for developing accurate inference. To address this, Accelerated Life Tests (ALTs) are often used in industrial experiments to induce product degradation and eventual failure more quickly by increasing certain environmental stress factors. Data collected under such increased stress conditions are analyzed, and results are then extrapolated to normal operating conditions. These tests typically involve a small number of devices and so pose significant challenges, such as interval-censoring. As a result, the outcomes are particularly sensitive to outliers in the data. Additionally, a comprehensive analysis requires more than just point estimation; inferential methods such as confidence intervals and hypothesis testing are essential to fully assess the reliability behaviour of the product. This paper presents robust statistical methods based on minimum divergence estimators for analyzing ALT data of highly reliable devices under step-stress conditions and Gamma lifetime distributions. Robust test statistics generalizing the Rao test and divergence-based tests for testing linear null hypothesis are then developed. These hypotheses include in particular tests for the significance of the identified stress factors and for the validity of the assumption of exponential lifetimes. © 2026
Queue Management Systems in Airport Management: Enhancing Passenger Flow and Operational Efficiency
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2026) Erkan, T.E.; Ozdemir, M.F.
Queue management systems (QMS) streamline airport operations by determining travel patterns that help manage the passenger flow, reducing wait times, and enhancing operational efficiency. They help optimize queue configurations by real-time data analytics and employing algorithms, working to guide passengers efficiently through the place for check-in, security clearance, and boarding. It leads to a much more pleasant time for the passengers while ensuring better resource utilization and operational planning. This Paper investigates a new queue management system that utilizes advanced technologies like artificial intelligence and real-time data analytics. Such systems enable monitoring of passenger flocking and behavior for adjustability concerning the length of queues and the optimization of service times. The result is an enhanced travel experience and improved airport operational efficiency. The paper takes Singapore Changi Airport as a case study to aid the understanding of how effective management of queues can lead to effective Rose operational efficiency. These findings show that airports can significantly reduce passenger wait times using advanced queue management technologies and enhance the travel experience while facilitating operations. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2026.
Fröbenius Expansions for Second-Order Random Differential Equations: Stochastic Analysis and Applications to Lindley-Type Damping Models
(Elsevier B.V., 2026) Halim, H.; Kerker, M.A.; Boduroğlu, E.
This paper develops a Frobenius series framework for the stochastic analysis of second–order random differential equations of the form Y¨(t)+A(t)Y˙(t)=0,where the damping coefficient A(t) is a positive stochastic process and the initial conditions are square–integrable random variables. Assuming mean–square analyticity of A(t) in a neighborhood of the initial time, we establish existence and uniqueness of the solution in L2(Ω) and derive exponentially convergent truncation error bounds for the associated Frobenius expansion. The resulting series representation enables the numerical approximation of the probability density function of Y(t) via Monte Carlo simulation. To improve computational efficiency, a control variates strategy is incorporated for variance reduction. A comprehensive numerical study is conducted for a broad family of positive, right–skewed damping distributions, including the Lindley, XLindley, New XLindley (NXLD), Gamma–Lindley, Inverse–Lindley, Truncated–Lindley, Log–Lindley, and a newly proposed Mixed Lindley–Uniform model. The simulations illustrate how different tail behaviors and boundedness properties of the damping coefficient influence the stochastic dynamics and the accuracy of density estimation. Finally, stylized applications to option pricing and Value–at–Risk estimation are presented to illustrate how the Frobenius–based framework and control variates methodology can be embedded within standard uncertainty quantification workflows. Overall, the proposed approach provides a flexible and computationally efficient tool for the analysis of randomly damped dynamical systems. © 2026 Elsevier B.V.
Crack Detection on Asphalt Runway Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Data with Non-Crack Object Removal and Deep Learning Methods
(Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Escuela de Construccion Civil, 2025) Tapkin, S.; Tercan, E.; Bostan, A.; Şengül, G.
Unmanned aerial vehicles are extensively utilized for image acquisition in a cheap, fast, and effective way. In this study, an automatic crack detection method with non-crack object removal and deep learning-based approaches are developed and tested on images captured by unmanned aerial vehicle. The motivation of this study is to detect either a crack exists or not in the asphalt-runway. The novelty of this study lies in integrating a non-crack artifact removal process with six classical edge detectors and comparing the resulting performance with four lightweight CNN models on the same UAV-acquired runway image dataset, enabling a unified evaluation of classical and learning-based approaches. For deep learning-based approach, four lightweight CNN models, namely GoogleNet, SqueezeNet, MobileNetv2, and ShuffleNet, are trained and the best accuracy of 87.9 is obtained whenever GoogleNet model is used. For the non-crack object removal approach, exclusion of non-crack objects from the images is the first step, where crack-detection which makes use of edge-detection techniques is the latter. In the study, Sobel, Prewitt, Canny, Laplacian of Gaussian, Roberts and Zero Cross edge detection algorithms are examined and their success rates in detecting cracks are comparatively presented. With sensitivity=0.981, specificity=0.744, accuracy=0.917, precision=0.912 and F-score=0.945 values Canny algorithm performs significantly better than others in detecting the cracks. This study provides enough evidence for the practicability of automated crack detection on unprocessed digital photographs by the results of the study conducted on asphalt runway. © (c) 2025 Tapkın, S., Tercan, E., Bostan, A. and Şengül, G. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Rehabilitation of Otorhinolaryngology Manifestations of COVID-19
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2025) Ayhan, F.F.
Otolaryngology or ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialty plays a vital role in the management of COVID-19 survivors and has been heavily involved in the pandemic, starting with research on the early symptoms of smell and taste loss to performing tracheostomy and sometimes referral to rehabilitation. The rehabilitation issues including post-intensive care syndrome, swallowing and voice problems, vertigo and hearing loss, taste and smell losses, peripheral facial palsy, and obstructive sleep apnea related to COVID-19 were discussed in this chapter. These problems can be solved within a multidisciplinary care team that includes ENT specialists, physiatrists, intensivists, rehabilitation nurses, physiotherapists, respiratory therapists, and speech-language pathologists, tailoring to the patients’ needs. Clinicians have used technology to provide telerehabilitation during the pandemic. Personal protective equipment, personal hygiene, and social isolation were the main and only measures to limit the disease. Otorhinolaryngology is one of the high-risk specialties for viral transmission. The pandemic caused a significant change in the way ENT specialists work. Rehabilitation is essential to solving some ENT problems leading to functional loss related to COVID-19 under the leadership of a physiatrist or physical medicine and rehabilitation specialist. © 2025 Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Recent Trends on Ulam–Hyers Stability Results of Fixed Point Problems
(World Scientific Publishing Co., 2025) Cvetković, M.; Karapınar, E.; Ye Silkaya, S.S.
Fixed point theorems have been extensively used in recent years to prove the Ulam–Hyers stability results of functional equations. In this chapter, we collect novel Ulam–Hyers stability results obtained by using well-known fixed point theorems in the setting of a complete metric space. We focus on several types of functional equations and inclusions along with some applications on the stability of the specific integral and differential equation. © 2026 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. All rights reserved.
Hierarchical Cellular Automata Consensus Blockchain
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025) Çulha, D.
Blockchain technology is foundational for decentralized systems, yet current implementations face critical limitations in scalability and communication efficiency, especially within consensus mechanisms like Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT). This paper proposes the Hierarchical Cellular Automata Consensus Mechanism (HCACM), a novel solution leveraging a hierarchical arrangement of cellular automata rings employing Wolfram's Rule 184 and Rule 232. Rule 184 efficiently propagates consensus states across the network, while Rule 232 stabilizes local consensus. HCACM significantly reduces communication overhead by facilitating deterministic consensus through localized interactions, enhancing network scalability and fault tolerance. Simulation results validate that HCACM outperforms traditional consensus algorithms in scalability, communication efficiency, and fault isolation, establishing it as an effective framework for decentralized applications requiring high transaction. © 2025 IEEE.
Development and In-Vitro Evaluation of Gallium-68 Labelled Staphylococcus Aureus-Specific Aptamer as a Potential PET Agent for Infection Imaging
(Novin Medical Radiation Institute, 2025) Bargh, S.; Özkul, C.; Timur, S.S.; Ozalp, V.C.; Erdoǧan, S.
Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the most common causative pathogen associated with a wide range of infections, from mild to life-threatening conditions such as osteomyelitis, endocarditis, and pneumonia. Early detection and reliable differentiation between infection and sterile inflammation are essential for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. However, most radiopharmaceuticals currently available fail to discriminate between these conditions, underscoring the need for infection-specific imaging agents. Materials and Methods: In this study, a Gallium-68 (Ga-68)-labeled S. aureus-specific aptamer was developed as a potential PET infection imaging probe. Aptamers were selected using the cell-systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) method, and their specificity was verified by fluorescence-based binding assays. Radiolabeling was achieved via DOTA chelation, and radiochemical purity was determined. Additionally, in vitro binding assays were performed with S. aureus, while Escherichia coli (E. coli) served as a control. Results: The aptamer exhibited an affinity constant (Kₐ) of 2260 ± 634 CFU/ mL and a linear detection range of 250-2×10⁴ CFU/mL, with a limit of detection of 171 CFU/mL for S. aureus. The Ga-68-labeled aptamer demonstrated radiochemical purity greater than 99%. In vitro binding increased linearly with rising S. aureus concentrations (10³-2×10⁴ CFU/mL), while minimal binding to E. coli confirmed its specificity. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the Ga-68-labeled S. aureus-specific aptamer holds promise as an infection-targeted PET imaging agent. Although currently limited to in vitro evaluation, such aptamer-based radiopharmaceuticals may contribute to improved diagnosis and imaging of infectious diseases. © 2025, Novin Medical Radiation Institute. All rights reserved.
An Investigation Into The AI-Assisted Visualization Of Children’s Songs: The Case Of Ali Baba’s Farm
(Nilgun SAZAK, 2025) Südor, S.; İpekçiler, B.
This study aims to visualize children’s songs, which are part of primary-level music education, using AI-supported tools. The objectives of the Ministry of National Education’s music course curriculum were examined, and both the themes to be emphasized in song selection and the pedagogical functions of children’s songs were analyzed. In the literature review, the Web of Science and Google Scholar databases were used. The obtained source data were analyzed with the VOSviewer software to generate conceptual maps, through which thematic trends in the field were identified. In the practical part of the study, the children’s song “Old MacDonald’s Farm” was visualized in detail using two different AI-supported tools: RunwayML and WZRD.ai. In RunwayML, prompt-based scenes were generated using the “text-to-video” feature, and visuals compatible with the lyrics of the song were created. On the WZRD.ai platform, visuals were automatically generated in response to sound waves, and the limitations of the platform were examined. Based on the findings, it was concluded that RunwayML offers more effective results for pedagogical content production, while WZRD. ai, despite its technical capabilities, falls short in delivering child-appropriate visual stimuli. The study also provides a theoretical foundation on synesthesia and discusses how AI tools can be integrated into music education in early childhood and primary school levels. The findings indicate that AI-supported visualization tools have the potential to provide engaging and flexible educational materials that support learning at the primary school level. It is recommended that teacher training programs develop hands-on modules for these tools, and that future research focus on how these technologies can be adapted to various songs, age groups, and learning domains. © © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
How Analytic Properties of Functions Influence Their Images Under the Limit q-Stancu Operator
(Springer Basel AG, 2026) Gurel, Ovgu; Ostrovska, Sofiya; Turan, Mehmet
In the study of various q-versions of the Bernstein polynomials, a significant attention is paid to their limit operators. The present work focuses on the impact of the limit q-Stancu operator Sq infinity,alpha on the analytic properties of functions when 0 < q < 1 and alpha > 0. It is shown that for every f is an element of C[0, 1], the function S-q,(alpha infinity)fadmits an analytic continuation into the disk {z : z+alpha/(1-q) < 1+ alpha/(1-q)}. In addition, it is proved that the more derivatives f has at x = 1, the wider this disk becomes. Further, if f is infinitely differentiable at x = 1, then the function S-q,(alpha infinity)fis entire. Finally, some growth estimates for (S-q,(alpha infinity)f)(z) are obtained.

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