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University Librarians’ Perceptions Of Artificial Intelligence, Its Application Areas İn Libraries, And The Future;
(University and Research Librarians Association (UNAK), 2024) Çuhadar, S.; Mert, S.; Gezer, Ç.; Helvacioğlu, E.; Arus, O.; Aslan, Ö.; Atli, S.
Today, libraries are among the institutions affected by changing technology and innovations. The popularization of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies has also begun to transform library services. In this research, a survey was conducted to determine the adjustments that university libraries in Turkey have made and plan to make during the development process of AI technologies and applications, and to identify the services they have developed specific to the relevant period. The survey was carried out with the participation of 111 university library managers from 208 university libraries in Turkey. Through the analysis of the data, the status, knowledge, and awareness levels of university libraries regarding AI technologies and applications were determined, and measures and recommendations were presented to improve deficiencies and weaknesses. This research is the first and most comprehensive study conducted in Turkey by obtaining opinions and suggestions from university library managers on artificial intelligence. The research findings revealed that university libraries use AI applications such as ChatGPT, Gemini, and Grammarly to a certain extent; however, they have needs in developing institutional policies, enhancing personnel competencies, and planning related to AI. © 2024 University and Research Librarians Association (UNAK). All rights reserved.
Thermoeconomic Analysis of an Integrated Membrane Reactor and Carbon Dioxide Capture System Producing Decarbonized Hydrogen
(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2025) Atak, Yagmur Nalbant; Ince, Alper Can; Colpan, C. Ozgur; Iulianelli, Adolfo; Serincan, Mustafa Fazil; Pasaogullari, Ugur
In this study, a novel thermo-economic analysis on a membrane reactor adopted to generate hydrogen, coupled to a carbon-dioxide capture system, is proposed. Exergy destruction, fuel, and environmental as well as purchased equipment costs have been accounted to estimate the cost of hydrogen production in the aforementioned integrated plant. It has been found that the integration of the CO2 capture system with the membrane reactor is responsible for the reduction of the hydrogen production cost by 12 % due to the decrease in environmental penalty cost. In addition, the effects of operating parameters (steam-to-carbo ratio and biogas temperature) on the hydrogen production cost are investigated. Hence, this work demonstrates that the latter can be decreased by approximately 2 $/kgH2 when steam to carbon ratio increases from 1.5 to 4. The analyses reveal that steam-tocarbo ratio increases exergy destruction cost, affecting consequently also the hydrogen production cost. However, from a thermodynamic point of view, it enhances the hydrogen production in the membrane reactor, mutually lowering the hydrogen production cost. It has been also estimated that a decrease in the biogas inlet temperature from 450 to 400 degrees C can reduce the hydrogen production cost by 7 %. This study demonstrates that the fuel cost is a major economic parameter affecting commercialization of hydrogen production, while exergy destruction and environmental costs are also significant factors in determining the hydrogen production cost.
The Relationship Between Soong Classification and Fracture Characteristics With Implant Removal for Distal Radius Fractures: a Comparative Study of 795 Cases
(Elsevier Masson s.r.l., 2025) Yoğun, Y.; Bezirgan, U.; Ertan, M.B.; Gezer, M.C.; Armangil, M.
Introduction: Although there is no consensus in the literature, it is believed that the Soong classification system and fracture pattern are risk factors for plate removal in distal radius fractures. Hypothesis: The aim of this large-scale study was to evaluate the relationship between Soong classification, fracture pattern, and implant removal in distal radius fractures. Materials and methods: We retrospectively evaluated 795 patients who underwent surgery using a volar locking plate for distal radius fractures at our clinic between 2005 and 2022. The patients were divided into two groups: implant removed, and implant retained. The groups were examined for demographic data, follow-up periods, fracture classifications, and radiological parameters. Additionally, the patients were divided into groups and compared according to the Soong classification, which was determined according to implant placement. Indications for implant removal were also included in this study, and their relationships with other parameters were evaluated. Results: A total of 123 and 672 patients were included in the implant removed and retained groups, respectively. The average age of the implant removed group was significantly lower (p = 0.005). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of fracture classification or other radiological parameters. In the implant removed group, the rate of grade 2, according to the Soong classification, was statistically higher than that in the other groups (p = 0.019). Flexor tenosynovitis was the most common reason for implant removal. Conclusion: The Soong classification system is an important risk factor associated with implant removal. This risk may increase, particularly among young patients. Surgeons should consider placing the distal radius locking plate as proximally as possible to reduce the frequency of implant removal. Level of evidence: III; retrospective comparative study © 2025 Elsevier Masson SAS
Robust Backstepping Control of a Quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Under Colored Noises
(Tech Science Press, 2025) Karahan, Mehmet
Advances in software and hardware technologies have facilitated the production of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Nowadays, people actively use quadrotor UAVs in essential missions such as search and rescue, counter-terrorism, firefighting, surveillance, and cargo transportation. While performing these tasks, quadrotors must operate in noisy environments. Therefore, a robust controller design that can control the altitude and attitude of the quadrotor in noisy environments is of great importance. Many researchers have focused only on white Gaussian noise in their studies, whereas researchers need to consider the effects of all colored noises during the operation of the quadrotor. This study aims to design a robust controller that is resistant to all colored noises. Firstly, a nonlinear quadrotor model was created with MATLAB. Then, a backstepping controller resistant to colored noises was designed. The designed backstepping controller was tested under Gaussian white, pink, brown, blue, and purple noises. PID and Lyapunov-based controller designs were also carried out, and their time responses (rise time, overshoot, settling time) were compared with those of the backstepping controller. In the simulations, time was in seconds, altitude was in meters, and roll, pitch, and yaw references were in radians. Rise and settling time values were in seconds, and overshoot value was in percent. When the obtained values are examined, simulations prove that the proposed backstepping controller has the least overshoot and the shortest settling time under all noise types.
Recovery Of Myocardial Functions After Kidney Transplantation İn Patients With Heart Failure Due To Uremic Cardiomyopathy;
(2025) Saltan Özateş, Y.; Odabaşı, A.Y.; Yıldız, U.; Genç Albayrak, D.; İnan, D.; Baş, S.; Tekkeşin, A.İ.
OBJECTIVE: Although left ventricular hypertrophy frequently accompanies end-stage renal disease, heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (EF) is also observed in a subset of patients. In those patients kidney transplantation (KT) is generally avoided due to an increased risk of mortality in addition to the risks associated with HF. This prospective study was designed to follow patients with HF who were being prepared for KT. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with HF due to uremic cardiomyopathy (UC) who had suitable donors (Group 1), 22 patients with HF who could not undergo KT due to a lack of kidney donors (Group 3), and 25 KT candidates with normal ventricular function (Group 2) were included in the study. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left atrial diameter (LAD), mitral annular systolic velocity (Sm), left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS), and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) values were recorded across four sessions, from pre-transplant to six months post-transplantation. Endomyocardial biopsy was performed for detailed examination of the myocardium in patients in Group 1 and Group 3, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in all three groups before transplantation. RESULTS: In Group 1, LVEF, Sm, and left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS) increased significantly, while LAD and LVMI decreased, all reaching normal levels. In contrast, no changes were observed in Group 3 and Group 2 (P < 0.01 for LVEF, P < 0.01 for GLS, P < 0.01 for LAD, and P < 0.01 for LVMI measurements). No differences in cardiac MRI and biopsy findings were observed between Group 1 and Group 3. CONCLUSION: Since myocardial function improved significantly and normalized in all patients with HF, it has been demonstrated that UC can be substantially reversible when treated with KT.
Real Options Valuation of Solar Energy Projects: a Systematic Review
(Association of Researchers in Construction Management, 2024) Ustun, F.S.; Bilgin, G.; Akcay, E.C.
Energy plays an essential role in the development of countries, addressing the basic needs of people, and advancing technological progress. As the world's population and the energy demand in the industrial sector increase rapidly, the limited non-renewable energy resources prove insufficient to supply this demand. Consequently, both developed and developing countries are shifting towards renewable energy sources to meet their energy needs. As a result, the number of renewable energy projects in the world has been increasing day by day. Solar energy technology stands as an exemplar within the realm of renewable energy resources, playing a pivotal role in contributing to their overall share. Assessing the economic feasibility of solar energy projects is crucial to ensure their success. Traditional economic analysis methods often disregard managerial flexibility, leading to prefer the real options valuation for analysing the economic feasibility of solar energy projects. Therefore, the objective of this research is to review the application of the real options valuation for valuing solar energy projects in the existing literature. The findings of this study may provide a roadmap for future research efforts. © Association of Researchers in Construction Management
Promotion of Cooperation in a Co-Evolutionary Pragmatic Agent Multigame Environment
(Elsevier, 2025) Kilic, Omer Durukan; Kilic, Hurevren
The promotion of cooperation in a co-evolutionary environment where pragmatic agents participate in a multigame setting that contains Prisoner's Dilemma (PD) and SnowDrift (SD) games is investigated. The pragmatic agent conserves its current perspective when successful; otherwise adopts the opposite perspective. Unlike traditional models, this study introduces a setup in which perception and strategy spaces co-evolve in terms of iterative game payoffs. The players are situated in a 2-D square lattice environment and synchronously update their perceptions and strategies after interacting with their immediate neighbors. The ratios of perceptions and strategy are randomly set based on parameters alpha and /3, indicating initial SD and cooperation (C) percentages, respectively. By the end of various simulations, the system's convergent and stable behavior is shown by means, standard deviations, and confidence intervals. The results show that larger (alpha >= 0.5) initial populations of SD agents promote greater cooperation and lead to a dominance of cooperative strategies even for smaller initial C strategies (/3 similar to 0.2). Conversely, when the environment is initially dominated by PD perspectives and defect (D) strategies (alpha = 0.1, /3 = 0.2), it leads to lower levels of cooperation. Depending on the initial ratios of PD/SD and D/C players, cooperative player clusters are not only formed but are also persistent parts of the environment. Finally, we observed that co-evolving PD/SD and D/C environments coupled with pragmatic players lead to a controllable promotion of cooperation even against small initial SD player ratios.
Opportunities and Challenges of Ai in Educational Assessment
(Association of Measurement and Evaluation in Education and Psychology (EPODDER), 2024) Sahin, A.; Thompson, N.; Ercikan, K.
In the past few years, as artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLM) have rapidly entered our lives, we have witnessed groundbreaking innovations across numerous fields. The rapid pace of these changes has been met with excitement by some and apprehension by others. However, we all agree that they have made tremendous contributions so far and their contributions in the future will reshape our existence. The field of educational assessment is no exception. With this in mind, we issued a call for a special issue themed “Opportunities and Challenges of AI in Educational Assessment.” which finally included seven distinguished articles on subthemes of fair and responsible use of AI in educational assessment, learning analytics, automated scoring, and real-life examples of AI and LLM. © 2024 Association of Measurement and Evaluation in Education and Psychology (EPODDER). All rights reserved.
Lifetime Prediction of Single Crystal Nickel-Based Superalloys
(Mdpi, 2025) Kasar, Cagatay; Kaftancioglu, Utku; Bayraktar, Emin; Aslan, Ozgur
Single crystal nickel-based superalloys are extensively used in turbine blade applications due to their superior creep resistance compared to their polycrystalline counterparts. With the high creep resistance, high cycle fatigue (HCF) and low cycle fatigue (LCF) become primary failure mechanisms for such applications. This study investigates the fatigue life prediction of CMSX-4 using a combination of crystal plasticity and lifetime assessment models. The constitutive crystal plasticity model simulates the anisotropic, rate-dependent deformation behavior of CMSX-4, while the modified Chaboche damage model is used for lifetime assessment, focusing on cleavage stresses on active slip planes to include anisotropy. Both qualitative and quantitative data obtained from HCF experiments on single crystal superalloys with notched geometry were used for validation of the model. Furthermore, artificial neural networks (ANNs) were employed to enhance the accuracy of lifetime predictions across varying temperatures by analyzing the fatigue curves obtained from the damage model. The integration of crystal plasticity, damage mechanics, and ANNs resulted in an accurate prediction of fatigue life and crack initiation points under complex loading conditions of single crystals superalloys.
Influence of the Heat Treatment on the Microstructure, Mechanical and High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior of Hastelloy X Alloy Fabricated Via Laser Powder Bed Fusion
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Ozer, S.; Yalçın, M.A.; Bilgin, G.M.; Davut, K.; Esen, Z.; Dericioglu, A.F.
The effect of building direction and heat treatment on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and high-temperature oxidation behavior of Hastelloy X (HX) alloy fabricated by the laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) method was studied. Electron backscatter diffraction analyses revealed that the development of textured columnar grains with varying average grain sizes, boundary fractions, and dislocation densities induced the mechanical anisotropy observed in both horizontally and vertically fabricated samples. The yield strength (YS) values of the horizontally and vertically as-fabricated samples were determined as 605.7 ± 15.9 MPa and 552.3 ± 8.5 MPa, respectively. The post-processing heat treatment increased the ductility remarkably and reduced YS value down to ∼445 MPa for all samples by the elimination of microstructural anisotropy and increased grain size subsequent to recrystallization. Oxidation tests conducted at 900 °C up to 100 h on as-fabricated samples exhibited severe intergranular oxidation, which was accompanied by the formation of large voids and microcracks as well as spallation of the oxide layer. In contrast, the heat-treatment improved the oxidation resistance of the alloy possibly due to the formation of uniform and dense Cr₂O₃ layer on the substrate surface. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.
Importance of Product Development in Turkey's Gastronomy Tourism
(Peter Lang AG, 2024) Güzelşahin, G.
[No abstract available]
Foreword and Dedication
(Peter Lang Publishing Group, 2024) Tekin, K.; Özbudak, S.K.
[No abstract available]
EXISTENCE, UNIQUENESS AND SUCCESSIVE APPROXIMATIONS FOR (λ, ψ)-HILFER FRACTIONAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
(Politechnica University of Bucharest, 2024) Krim, S.; Salim, A.; Benchohra, M.; Karapınar, E.
The focus of this paper is on investigating a particular type of nonlinear (λ, ψ)-Hilfer fractional differential equations, and analyzing their existence results. Our approach involves utilizing Banach’s fixed point theorem, and we also explore the global convergence of successive approximations to provide additional insights into the topic. To further illustrate our findings, we provide some examples that supplement our main results. © 2024, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.
Evaluating Efficacy and Outcomes: Comparison of Laser Treatment and Crystallized Phenol in Pilonidal Sinus Disease
(Frontiers Media Sa, 2025) Emral, Ahmet Cihangir; Gulen, Merter; Ege, Bahadir
Objective The aim of this study is to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of laser ablation and crystallized phenol application in the treatment of pilonidal sinus disease, focusing on treatment success, recurrence rates, complications, and the patients' return to normal life.Material and method Data from patients treated for pilonidal sinus disease with laser ablation and crystallized phenol application at our clinic between January 2020 and September 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative data including pit counts, disease stage, preoperative pilonidal abscess history, disease duration (week), treatment success, recurrence/persistent disease, postoperative complications, healing time (days), and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores on postoperative days 1 and 7, as well as return to normal life (days), were analyzed.Results A total of 121 patients were included in the study, with 51 receiving laser ablation and 70 receiving crystallized phenol application. The postoperative outcomes revealed that the wound healing period and postoperative VAS values were statistically significantly better in the laser ablation group.Conclusion Wound healing was faster and postoperative pain was less in the laser group compared to the phenol group. According to this study, both methods can successfully treat the disease in selected cases.
Effects of Lotrafilcon a and Senofilcon a Bandage Contact Lenses on Visual Outcome and Ocular Comfort After Photorefractive Keratectomy
(Galenos Publ House, 2024) Yakar, Konuralp; Alacamli, Goeksu
Objectives: To compare the efficacy of two different silicone hydrogel bandage contact lenses (BCLs) in terms of visual rehabilitation and ocular discomfort following photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 60 eyes of 30 patients who underwent bilateral PRK surgery to correct myopia and/ or astigmatism refractive errors. Following surgery, lotrafilcon A BCLs were applied to the right eye and senofilcon A BCLs were applied to the left eye. When the BCLs were removed on postoperative day 5, subjective ocular symptoms of discomfort were evaluated on a scale of 0 to 10, where 0 indicated no discomfort and 10 indicated maximum discomfort. The postoperative spherical equivalents (SE) of both eyes were compared at 15 days and 1 month. Postoperative SE <= +/- 0.50 diopters was accepted as emmetropia. The number of patients who achieved emmetropia was also compared at 15 days and 1 month postoperatively. Results: Scores for ocular discomfort in the first 5 days postoperatively did not differ significantly between the BCLs (p>0.05). However, a statistically significant difference was observed between the two lenses in terms of SE values at postoperative 15 days and 1 month (p<0.05). Eyes fitted with the senofilcon A BCL demonstrated better postoperative visual rehabilitation. Conclusion: Although post-PRK ocular discomfort scores did not differ significantly between the two BCLs, the senofilcon A lenses performed better in terms of achieving the target SE postoperatively.
Digital Solutions for Disaster Management: Analyzing the Impact of the February 2023 Earthquake in Türkiye
(Ankara University, 2024) Nazlıoğlu, S.; Kalem, G.; Yazıcı, A.
This research investigates the involvement of information technologies, including communication platforms and social media solutions, in managing earthquake disasters, specifically focusing on the February 2023 earthquake in Türkiye. In order to achieve this, a comparative framework is constructed, which incorporates four main categories, namely goal, providers, target phase, and platform. The data is gathered from diverse sources, and a total of 130 solutions are identified immediately following the February 2023 earthquake in Türkiye. After conducting a thorough examination of these solutions and removing any duplicates and irrelevant options, the final dataset comprises 89 unique solutions sourced from 82 providers. According to the study's findings, the solutions employed in mitigation and preparedness phases prioritize proactive measures and planning, while the ones in response phase witnesses a significant increase in activities related to aid campaigns, emergency response, information dissemination, and support services. The solutions in recovery phase further intensifies support services to aid affected communities. Web-based platforms are predominantly used during different phases of disaster management, with mobile platforms playing a crucial role in communication and on-the-ground activities. Private organizations exhibit strong involvement in developing IT platforms, while public entities and NGOs contribute to a lesser extent. © 2024, Ankara University. All rights reserved.
Design Team Effectiveness and Architects' Personality Types
(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2025) Alan, Ece; Arditi, David; Gunaydin, Husnu Murat; Akcay, Emre Caner
PurposeThe personalities of the design team members constitute one of the factors that influence team effectiveness. In this study, 223 members of the "American Institute of Architects" who are employed by the largest architectural design firms in the United States of America were categorized according to their personality types by using "The Enneagram Personality Type Model." Also, the respondents' opinions about eight team effectiveness outcomes were recorded in order to explore the relationship between team members' personality types and team effectiveness outcomes.Design/methodology/approachThe information was collected by a questionnaire where the first part included 144 pairs of statements that were used to identify respondents' personality types. The second part sought designers' opinions about the importance of eight team effectiveness outcomes rated on a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5. The results were assessed by performing the Kruskal-Wallis test first and Dunn's post-hoc test with Bonferroni adjustment subsequently.FindingsThe findings highlight the significance of personality types in effective design teams. While Type 6 (loyalist and skeptic) and Type 3 (achiever and performer) architects prioritize team effectiveness the most, Type 7 architects (enthusiasts and epicureans) assign the lowest importance. However, the presence of Type 1 (reformist and perfectionist) and Type 8 (challenger and protector) architects within the same design team may involve challenges or conflicts.Originality/valueThe primary contribution of this study is that it is the first study in the construction management literature that utilizes The Enneagram of Personality Test to understand the relationship between team members' personality types and team effectiveness outcomes. This study is of direct relevance to practitioners and could be utilized in design team-building activities.
Classifying the Who European Countries by Noncommunicable Diseases and Risk Factors
(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2025) Bulut, T.
Background: In the twenty-first century, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a major obstacle to global development and the accomplishment of the Sustainable Development Goals set forth by the United Nations. The WHO (World Health Organization) European Region lacks comprehensive understanding of NCD risk factors, the NCDs they trigger, and the more disadvantaged countries. Objective: This study aims to classify the countries in the European Region at the country level based on NCDs and their key risk factors. Methods: The Ward method, a hierarchical clustering technique based on Manhattan and Euclidean distance measures, was used. The study's dataset comes from the WHO's publicly available NCDs and key risk factors dataset. Results: The European region's countries have been categorized into two clusters based on key NCD risk factors. The second cluster consists of countries with high income levels. On the other hand, in the European Region, countries fall into three clusters based on NCDs. Countries in the third cluster, which consists of low- and upper-middle-income countries, have lower average values in four variables compared to other countries, resulting in lower overall disease prevalence. Counclusions: The prevalence of NCDs varies among clusters, with high-income countries having lower disease prevalence, particularly in diabetes and hypertension. Addressing risk factors and improving healthcare access and infrastructure are crucial in reducing the burden of NCDs in the European region. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.
Cannabinoid Receptor Ligands Modulate Fibrosis and Inflammation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: a Preliminary Study
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2024) Kose, Sevil; Onen, Selin; Gizer, Merve; Boduroglu, Esin; Gonullu, Ugur; Korkusuz, Petek
Background/aim: No specific pharmacological treatment regimen for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) exists. Therefore, new antiinflammatory therapeutic strategies are needed. Cannabinoids (CBs), known for their inflammation-modulating and antifibrotic effects, may be potential medication candidates for treating IPF. We aim to evaluate the inflammation-modulating and antifibrotic effects of CB receptor (CBR) agonists and antagonists in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated normal human lung fibroblast, epithelial cells, IPF fibroblast cells, and monocytes. Materials and methods: We detected CBRs in normal human lung fibroblasts (LL24) and IPF fibroblast cells (LL29), epithelial cells (A549) and monocytes (THP-1) by flow cytometry. We determined TGF-(31, IL-8, and TNF-alpha inflammatory cytokines in the LL24, LL29, A549, and THP-1 cell culture supernatants on days 1 and 5 by ELISA. We evaluated the cell viability in LL24, LL29, and A549 cells on days 1, 3, and 5 spectrophotometrically and detected collagen Type I (ColI) production in the LL24 and LL29 cell culture supernatants on days 1, 3, and 5 by ELISA. Results: LL24, LL29, A549, and THP-1 cells exhibited CB1 (CB1R) and CB2 (CB2R) receptors. CB1R and CB2R agonists WIN55,2122 and JWH015 inhibited fibroblastic and epithelial cell proliferation on day 5. TGF-(31 and TNF-alpha release increased, while IL-8 release decreased in LL24, LL29, A549, and THP-1 cells in response to the administration of WIN55,212-2 and JWH015 at a 10-2 mM concentration. CB1R and CB2R antagonists AM251 and AM630 did not block agonistic responses, suggesting a nonclassical CBRmediated pathway. CB2R agonist JWH015 decreased ColI expression in IPF lung fibroblasts LL29 on day 3. Conclusion: These results suggest that CB signaling regulates the progression of pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis via CBR activation. This may offer a potential pharmacological tool for developing antifibrosis therapies.
Biocompatibility of Electrospun Pva-Based Nanocomposite With Chemical Vapor Deposition-Derived Graphene Monolayer
(Lukasiewicz Research Network-industrial Chemistry inst, 2024) Sasmazel, Hilal Turkoglu; Alazzawi, Marwa; Sadhu, Verra; Gozutok, Melike
The biocompatibility of electrospun PVA with monolayer graphene obtained by chemical vapor deposition (PVA/CVD-grown MLG) nanocomposite was investigated. The properties of PVA/ CVD-grown MLG nanocomposite were compared with those of electrospun PVA mat. Raman analysis confirmed the presence of graphene monolayer on PVA. Although no significant changes in tensile properties were observed, the electrical conductivity increased from 0.1 (PVA mat) to 0.4 mu S/cm (PVA/ CVD-grown MLG). Thermal stability was also increased, as evidenced by the higher onset temperature and temperature of maximum decomposition rate determined by TGA. The contact angle decreased slightly, which resulted in higher PBS absorption and degradation of the nanocomposite. Water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) decreased from 40 (PVA mat) to 37 g/m2 h (PVA/CVD-grown MLG). Cell culture studies showed better cell viability, population, and growth in the case of PVA/CVD-grown MLG nanocomposite due to improved physical, chemical and mechanical properties.

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