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Endoscopic Management of Congenital Middle Ear Ossicular Chain Anomalies: A Multicenter Study
(2026) Orhan, Kadir Serkan; Çelik, Mehmet; Özdek, Ali; Gülşen, Secaattin; Yorgancilar, Ediz; Sürmelioğlu, Özgür; Güneri, Enis Alpin
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the surgical and audiological outcomes of transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES) in patients with congenital ossicular chain anomalies (COCAs) using the Teunissen-Cremers classification system. STUDY DESIGN: Multicenter, retrospective clinical study. SETTING: Tertiary referral centers with experienced endoscopic ear surgeons. PATIENTS: A total of 51 patients were diagnosed with COCAs and treated with TEES. Patients with chronic otitis media, cholesteatoma, tympanosclerosis, otosclerosis, or those requiring microscopic/endaural/retroauricular approaches were excluded. INTERVENTION: Transcanal endoscopic ossicular chain reconstructions were performed using various techniques, including stapedotomy, partial and total ossicular prosthesis or autologous bone or cartilage graft placements, and bone cement bridging. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Air-bone gap (ABG) closure, operation duration, hospital stay, and postoperative complications. RESULTS: The mean preoperative ABG was 42.5±10.9 dB HL, which improved to a mean postoperative ABG of 20.3±12.3 dB HL, yielding a mean ABG closure of 22.3±12.2 dB HL. Patients classified as Class 1, 2, and 3 demonstrated significantly greater ABG closure rates compared with Class 4 cases ( P <0.059). The mean surgical duration was 72.1±19.9 minutes, and the mean hospital stay was 29.6±15.3 hours. No intraoperative or immediate postoperative complications were observed. Five patients required revision surgery due to recurrent conductive hearing loss. CONCLUSIONS: TEES is a safe and effective technique for managing COCAs, offering significant ABG improvement, particularly in Class 1 to 3 anomalies. The minimally invasive nature of TEES, combined with superior exposure and visualization, results in favorable audiological outcomes with minimal complications and reduced hospital stay. © © 2025, Otology & Neurotology, Inc.
Glycaemic Control and Complications in Haemodialysis Patients: The TURK-HEMODIAB Study
(Oxford University Press, 2026) Gungor, Ozkan; Korucu, Berfu; Oguz, Ebru Gok; Eren, Necmi; Ural, Zeynep; Dheir, Hamad; Arici, Mustafa
Background The most common cause of end-stage kidney disease is diabetes mellitus (DM). The most commonly used renal replacement therapy in Turkey and in many countries around the world is haemodialysis (HD). Glycaemia control is important in these populations. In this study we aimed to screen for glycaemic control and complications in a large population of diabetic HD patients in Turkey. Methods A total of 16 043 patients were screened in 253 dialysis centres in Turkey and 5038 diabetic HD patients were included in the study. At participating centres, patients' diabetes history, complications, medications, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and other laboratory data were reviewed and recorded by nephrologists. Results The average age of the patients was 64.0 +/- 11.2 years and 56% were male. The mean HbA1c was 7.4 +/- 1.5%. Patients were divided into three groups according to the HbA1c level (<6.5%, 6.5-8% and >8%). As the HbA1c levels increased, the mean systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure increased significantly. In addition, as the HbA1c levels increased, the number of patients with coronary artery disease, patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery and the rate of patients with diabetic retinopathy and vision loss increased. Diabetic foot disease and amputation rates were also higher in the group with poor glycaemic control. The number of patients using intensive or mixed insulin was also higher in the group with high HbA1c levels. In ordinal logistic regression analysis, age significantly decreased and higher body mass index slightly increased the risk of a higher HbA1c. Also, the need for a diabetic diet was greater in those with high HbA1c levels. Conclusion Our study highlights that the target values for diabetic HD patients in Turkey are partially compatible with the 2022 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes guidelines for diabetes management. Nevertheless, more effort and teamwork are needed to improve patient outcomes.
Randomised Comparison Between Navigation and Non-Navigation Camera Control Performance in a Surgical Simulation Task Using a Haptic Device Interface
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2026) Cagiltay, Nergiz Ercil; Topalli, Damla; Tuner, Emre; Berker, Mustafa
Introduction:Navigation skills for controlling the camera in the surgical field are critical for many minimally invasive surgery (MIS) procedures. Currently, endoscopes lack integrated navigation aids, making camera control a challenging task. This experimental study aims to investigate the effect of navigation guidance on the performance of beginners.Patients and Methods:A custom computer-based simulation environment was developed for this study, featuring two conditions - one with navigation guidance and one without - focussed on a camera-cleaning task. Participants (64 beginners) were randomly assigned to one of these groups and used two haptic devices to simulate the endoscope and surgical tools.Results:Participants in the guided condition performed significantly better than those in the unguided condition. Notably, female participants completed the task in significantly less time under the guided condition compared to the unguided one.Conclusion:These findings suggest that incorporating navigation aids into endoscope interfaces could improve user performance, especially for beginners. Medical device manufacturers should consider adding navigation features to enhance usability. In addition, simulation-based instructional systems should integrate navigation aids to better support surgical training.
Reply to Letter to the Editor: Critical Appraisal of Caval Valve Implantation Procedure in 7 Cases of Torrential Tricuspid Regurgitation
(Kare Publ, 2026) Bozbas, Huseyin; Barcin, Cem; Asfour, Mohamed; Celebi, Savas A.; Cam, Ersin; Ilkay, Erdogan
Utilizing POCUS in the Diagnosis of Small Bowel Obstruction and the Barriers to Its Implementation in Resource-Limited Settings: A Systematic Review
(Springer Int Publ AG, 2026) Razakh, Ayesha; Uzor, Angelina; Htoon, April; Valko, Michal
PurposeSmall bowel obstruction (SBO) is a common surgical emergency that can lead to significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs, particularly when diagnosis is delayed. In rural and resource-limited emergency settings, advanced imaging techniques like computed tomography (CT) may not be readily available. As a result, clinicians often rely on physical examinations and plain radiographs which can be unreliable. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) provides a rapid, radiation-free and cost-effective diagnostic alternative that can be performed directly at the bedside.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of published literature evaluating the diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of POCUS in identifying SBO on the following databases PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar databases from January 2000 to December 2024. Studies were screened and selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria adhering to PRISMA 2020 guidelines.ResultsThe sensitivity of POCUS for SBO ranged from 85.0 to 100%, while specificity ranged from 54.0 to 100%. Diagnostic accuracy remained high across a broad range of expertise overcoming operator dependence. Examination durations are approximately 10-11 min, which is markedly shorter than 45-min to 3-h by CT.ConclusionPOCUS presents as a practical, scalable and cost-saving tool for diagnosing SBO in rural emergency care, addressing significant gaps where CT is not available and also facilitates faster diagnosis by timely identification of specific features. Future efforts should focus on developing validated algorithms for resource-limited settings allowing immediate care management.
Comparison of Voice Call Based and Multimodal Telerehabilitation After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial
(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2026) Aslan, Sema Nur; Bozgeyik-Bagdatli, Sibel; Demirel, Murat; Atilla, Bulent; Kinikli, Gizem Irem
Background Telerehabilitation has emerged as a promising approach in postoperative care following total knee arthroplasty(TKA);nevertheless,the relative effectiveness of different telerehabilitation modules is still under discussion, leaving room for alternative and multimodal program approaches. Objectives This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a multimodal telerehabilitation(MTR) and voice call based telerehabilitation(VTR) in patients undergoing TKA. Methods A two-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted with 24 patients (68.42 +/- 9.28y) in the MTR group and 21(71.19 +/- 7.26y) in the VTR group. The MTR group received weekly digital booklets containing asynchronous exercise videos, one voice call, one video call,and text messages,for a total of three contacts per week. The VTR group received weekly printed booklets and voice calls three times a week(on alternate days) over the 8-week intervention period. Outcomes were assessed face to face at discharge, and at the 4th and 8th postoperative weeks. Measures included Visual Analog Scale(VAS), active and passive range of motion(ROM), Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score-Physical Function(KOOS-PS), Five Repetition Sit to Stand Test(5xSST), Brief Fear of Movement(BFoM) Scale, isometric Quadriceps muscle strength, Forgotten Joint Score-12(FJS-12),Exercise Adherence Rating Scale(EARS). The primary outcome was active knee flexion ROM. Statistical significance was set at p < .05; effect sizes (r, W) were reported for the Mann - Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests. Results After 8 weeks, a statistically significant difference in pain during activity was observed between the MTR and VTR groups (p < .001, r = 0.62). Both groups showed significant gains in active and passive knee flexion ROM, 5xSST, and KOOS-PS scores (all p < .001), while the MTR group also improved in rest pain, knee extension, and BFoM (all p < .001). At week 8, statistically significant differences were observed between the MTR and VTR groups across all outcome measures (all p < .001). Conclusion Both telerehabilitation approaches were effective in improving pain, ROM, and functional outcomes after TKA.Although this study did not compare outcomes with conventional in-person rehabilitation, MTR showed greater overall improvements than VTR. Nevertheless, VTR remains a reasonable alternative when MTR cannot be implemented.
Trends and Scientific Evolution in Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) Research: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Study Using Vosviewer
(Sage Publications Inc, 2026) Sever, Sinem Nur; Oktem, Hale; Jamil, Yusuf; Pelin, Can
Background: Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) has become a standard treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysms. However, the evolution of EVAR research and its global landscape remain underexplored. This bibliometric analysis aims to map publication trends, identify key contributors, and analyze thematic shifts in EVAR literature over the past three decades.Methods: Data were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection (SCIE) in May 2025. A total of 4264 original research articles on EVAR were analyzed using VOSviewer for co-authorship, co-citation, and keyword co-occurrence mapping. Citation trends, geographical distribution, and institutional contributions were also assessed.Results: Research on EVAR showed steady growth, with a peak of 295 publications in 2024. The United States contributed the largest share (33.02%) of publications. Prolific authors such as Schermerhorn and Verhagen, affiliated with leading institutions like Harvard University, played a pivotal role in advancing the field. Keyword analysis revealed a shift from technical terms (e.g., "stent graft") to clinical outcomes (e.g., "reintervention") over time. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in EVAR research is emerging as a key focus area.Conclusion: This study highlights the growth and evolving focus of EVAR research, with a notable shift toward patient-centered outcomes. Despite strong contributions from high-income countries, there is a significant gap in research from low-resource settings. Future directions should include addressing gaps in radiation safety, emergency EVAR applications, and exploring AI-driven clinical decision-making for personalized treatments. Complex EVAR research continues expanding, reflecting guideline evolution and advancing practice in anatomically challenging cases.Clinical Impact This bibliometric analysis demonstrates how EVAR has progressed from an emerging minimally invasive technique to a guideline driven standard of care, with a growing emphasis on complex fenestrated and branched procedures. For clinicians, the findings clarify where the evidence base is well established, particularly for standard infrarenal EVAR, and where further caution and innovation are required, including complex anatomies, long term durability, and reintervention risk. By synthesizing influential studies, key guideline milestones, and evolving research themes, this study supports evidence based clinical decision making, improves patient counseling, and reinforces the importance of lifelong surveillance. Its innovation lies in translating three decades of global research into clinically actionable insight.
Comparison of the Effects of Breast Milk and Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) on the Healing of Diaper Dermatitis in Infants: A Randomized Trial
(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc, 2025) Sevimli Guler, Dondu; Vural, Gulsen; Turan, Zekiye; Unal Toprak, Filiz; Melek Arsoy, Hacer Efnan
Background: Diaper dermatitis (DD) is a very common problem in infants between 1 and 6 months. While it rarely causes long-lasting problems, it can cause serious short-term problems for both infants and parents. Accordingly, this study compared the effect of breast milk and diaper rash cream containing Hamamelis virginiana (12 mg/100 g) on the healing process in 0-6 month-old infants with DD. Methods: This randomized, single-blinded trial was conducted with 60 infants aged 0-6 months diagnosed with DD. Participants were assigned to either the breast milk group (BG) or the comparison group (CG) receiving Hamamelis virginiana cream. Demographic characteristics and DD severity were assessed using a structured demographic questionnaire and the validated Assessment of the Severity of Uncomplicated DD in Infants Scale. Statistical analyses included Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon signed rank, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Before the intervention, the mean scale score was 5.17 +/- 0.46 in the BG, 2.83 +/- 1.37 in the CG, which was a statistically significant difference. After the intervention, there was a significant decrease in the mean scale score in the BG to 0.03 +/- 0.18, whereas the mean decrease was smaller in the CG (1.53 +/- 1.11). The difference in the mean scale scores between the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the postintervention mean scale score of the BG was significantly lower than that of the CG. However, baseline severity differences limit direct comparison of treatment efficacy. Conclusions: Topically applied breast milk appears to be a safe, accessible, and cost-effective option for treating uncomplicated DD, with greater improvement than cream containing Hamamelis virginiana. However, baseline severity differences limit direct comparison. Further studies using block randomization are recommended.
Effect of Freezing Phenomenon on Gait Parameters and Pedobarographic Pressure Distribution in Patients with Parkinson's Disease
(Springer-Verlag Italia Srl, 2025) Korkusuz, Suleyman; Korkusuz, Busra Seckinogullari; Demircan, Emine Nur; Ozcan, Aysenur; Cakmakli, Gul Yalcin; Balkan, Ayla Fil; Elibol, Bulent
Background This study aimed to examine the gait parameters of individuals with Parkinson's Disease with and without freezing of gait (FoG) on the treadmill, where freezing difficulty decreases. Methods Our study included three groups of demographically similar individuals: 15 patients with Parkinson's disease without freezing of gait, 14 patients with Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait, and 14 healthy controls. Spatiotemporal parameters of gait and static-dynamic pedobarographic pressure distribution analysis were performed using a computerized gait evaluation system (on a treadmill). Results The step length, gait speed and gait phase duration of the freezing of gait group were lower than the other groups (p < 0.05). While pedobarographic pressure distribution during static stance was similar in all groups (p > 0.05), pedobarographic pressure distribution during gait was different between groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion In patients with freezing of gait, gait speed was lower, step length and single support phase were shorter, and double support phase was longer. While the amount of load on the backfoot was lower in both Parkinson's groups, the amount of load on the forefoot was lower only in patients with freezing of gait. Even if freezing of gait did not occur, it was observed that the gait characteristics of Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait were different from those of Parkinson's disease without freezing of gait.
Protective Role of Bromelain’s Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Experimental Lower Limb Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
(Nature Portfolio, 2025) Sezen, Saban Cem; Demirtas, Huseyin; Yildirim, Alperen Kutay; Ozer, Abdullah; Dursun, Ali Dogan; Kucuk, Aysegul; Arslan, Mustafa; Ozalp, Veli Cengiz; Kucuk, Işın Gunes
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a multifaceted pathological process characterized by excessive oxidative stress and inflammatory responses upon restoration of blood flow. Bromelain, a proteolytic enzyme complex derived from pineapple, exhibits robust antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of bromelain on oxidative stress and inflammation in an experimental rat model of lower limb ischemia-reperfusion injury. Twenty-four male Wistar Albino rats were randomly allocated into four groups: Sham-operated control (SHAM), Bromelain-only (BR), Ischemia-Reperfusion (IR), and Ischemia-Reperfusion with Bromelain treatment (IR + BR). Bromelain (40 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally before ischemia induction. The IR model involved 45 min of infrarenal abdominal aorta occlusion followed by 120 min of reperfusion. Oxidative biomarkers (total antioxidant status [TAS], total oxidant status [TOS], oxidative stress index [OSI]) and histopathological parameters (muscle atrophy, degeneration, leukocyte infiltration, internalization of nuclei, fragmentation, and hyalinization) were analyzed. Significant increases in muscle degeneration, leukocyte infiltration, nuclear internalization, fragmentation, and elevated oxidative stress biomarkers (increased TOS and OSI, decreased TAS) were observed in the IR group compared to controls. Bromelain treatment (IR + BR) significantly ameliorated these effects, reducing muscle tissue damage, inflammation, and oxidative imbalance compared to the untreated IR group. Bromelain effectively mitigates lower limb ischemia-reperfusion injury by reducing oxidative stress, restoring antioxidant capacity, and suppressing inflammatory responses. These protective effects suggest that bromelain holds potential as a therapeutic agent for managing oxidative and inflammatory damages associated with IR conditions, warranting further clinical investigation.
ACPA Prevents Lung Fibroblast-to Transformation by Reprogramming the Tumor Microenvironment through NSCLC-Derived Exosomes
(Nature Portfolio, 2025) Boyacioglu, Ozge; Kalali, Berfin Deniz; Recber, Tuba; Gelen-Gungor, Dilek; Nemutlu, Emirhan; Eroglu, Ipek; Korkusuz, Petek; Kilic, Nedret
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for most lung cancer cases. Current treatments often cause systemic side effects or lead to drug resistance, prompting the development of new therapies targeting tumors and related cells simultaneously. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are crucial stromal cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME), making them potential targets for therapy. Previously, we found that the CB1 receptor agonist ACPA has anti-tumor effects on NSCLC, inhibiting pathways such as Akt/PI3K, JNK, glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the urea cycle both in vitro and in vivo. We hypothesize that ACPA could enhance therapy by inhibiting the transformation of lung fibroblasts into CAFs via exosomes. Control and ACPA-treated NSCLC cell exosomes exhibited similar size, PDI, ZP, and high expression of CD9, CD63, and CD81. ACPA-treated exosomes showed reduced levels of miR-21 and miR-23. These exosomes decreased fibroblast viability within 12 h by disrupting pentose phosphate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, and by lowering PDPN, alpha-SMA, and FAP expressions. This research highlights ACPA as a promising chemotherapeutic agent, capable of improving NSCLC treatment and reprogramming the TME with more targeted therapies.
Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease in Turkey (DIAKIT): A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study
(BMC, 2025) Arici, Mustafa; Ates, Kenan; Yildiz, Alaattin; Odabas, Ali R.; Tokgoz, Bulent; Sezer, Siren; Altun, Bulent
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem with increasing disease burden affecting nearly 10% of adult population worldwide. We aimed to detect the prevalence of CKD, patients' distribution among CKD stages, and factors associated with having CKD in diabetic patients in Turkey. Methods This cross-sectional study, conducted in 2022, included 1591 patients with diabetes (mean age, 63 +/- 10 years; female: 65.5%) from the Cappadocia Cohort study. CKD was diagnosed by an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) or urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) >= 30 mg/g, which was measured in spot urine samples collected in the morning for three consecutive days. Results In this cohort of adult diabetic patients, the prevalence of CKD was 25.1%. More than half of the diabetic patients with CKD (53.8%) had albuminuria without a decrease in eGFR, 28.1% had decreased eGFR without albuminuria, and 18.2% had both albuminuria and decreased eGFR. While the percentage of CKD patients who are female vs. male was 60% vs. 40%, CKD prevalence was higher in males (29.2%) than in females (22.9%) (P = 0.007). Among patients with CKD, only 9.4% were aware that they had CKD. Age, male sex, HbA1c, triglyceride, uric acid, C-reactive protein, and hypertension Grade 1, 2 and 3 were associated with the presence of CKD, with uric acid showing the strongest association. Conclusions More than half of our patients with CKD would not have been diagnosed if urinary albumin excretion was not measured. Early detection of CKD by regular screening of diabetic patients using both UACR and eGFR measurements is essential for early diagnosis and prompt treatment to slow down disease progression.
The Mediating Role of Self-Compassion in the Relationship between Postpartum Depression and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy
(Sage Publications Ltd, 2025) Akdag Topal, Cansu; Mert Karadas, Merve; Karakurt, Irem; Boztepe, Handan
Postpartum depression (PPD) may adversely affect breastfeeding self-efficacy, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study explored whether self-compassion mediates the relationship between PPD and breastfeeding self-efficacy among Turkish women. An expert model was developed based on validated scales: the Self-Compassion Scale, the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, and the Postnatal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form. In this cross-sectional study, 236 women (mean age: 28.71, SD = 6.16) were surveyed. Results showed that depression was negatively associated with self-compassion (beta = -0.474, p < 0.001), and self-compassion was positively associated with breastfeeding self-efficacy (beta = 0.785, p < 0.001). Mediation analysis indicated that self-compassion partially mediated the link between PPD and breastfeeding self-efficacy, with a significant indirect effect (-0.586, -0.209). Depression also had a direct negative effect on breastfeeding self-efficacy (beta = -0.484, p < 0.001). These findings suggest that fostering self-compassion may enhance maternal mental health and breastfeeding outcomes.
The Relationship between Perinatal Grief and Spiritual Well-Being in Women Experiencing Termination due to Fetal Anomaly in Türkiye
(Springer, 2025) Sari, Tugba; Gemicioglu, Sirin Harkin
Pregnancy termination is a significant event in women's lives and can be considered a traumatic experience that can assess grief reactions. Couples who accept the decision to have a medical termination due to fetal anomaly face not only anxiety and feelings of loss, but also difficulties adapting to and coping with the termination process. This study aims to examine the relationship between perinatal grief and spiritual well-being in women who experience termination due to fetal anomaly. The study sample consisted of 256 women who had undergone termination during pregnancy. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (percentage, mean, standard deviation), the Mann-Whitney U test for independent samples, the Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman correlation, and multiple linear regression analyses. The participants' mean score on the Perinatal Grief Scale was 112.87 +/- 15.04. The spiritual well-being scale subscale scores were 56.13 +/- 8.69 for the transcendence subscale, 25.27 +/- 2.94 for the harmony with nature subscale, and 26.58 +/- 3.18 for the anomie subscale. The correlation between the mean scores of the scales indicated that perinatal grief level was positively and significantly related to both the transcendence (r = 0.454; p < .001) and harmony with nature (r = 0.571; p < .001) subscales, while there was a strong negative correlation between perinatal grief and the anomie subscale (r = -0.762; p < .001). In conclusion, the study results indicate that perinatal grief is significantly related to various dimensions of spiritual well-being. These findings support the idea that supporting spiritual well-being in individuals experiencing perinatal grief can strengthen psychosocial adjustment.
Citation - Scopus: 2
Observation of Collider Neutrinos without Final State Muons with the SND at LHC Experiment
(American Physical Society, 2025) Abbaneo, D.; Ahmad, S.; Albanese, R.; Alexandrov, A.; Alicante, F.; Androsov, K.; Zamora-Saá, J.
We report the observation of neutrino interactions without final state muons at the LHC, with a significance of 6.4σ. A dataset of proton-proton collisions at s=13.6 TeV collected by SND@LHC in 2022 and 2023 is used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 68.6 fb-1. Neutrino interactions without a reconstructed muon are selected, resulting in an event sample consisting mainly of neutral-current and electron neutrino charged-current interactions in the detector. After selection cuts, 9 neutrino interaction candidate events are observed with an estimated background of 0.32 events. © 2025 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.
From Street Canyons To Corridors: Adapting Urban Propagation Models for an Indoor IQRF Network
(MDPI, 2025) Doyan, Talip Eren; Yalcinkaya, Bengisu; Dogan, Deren; Dalveren, Yaser; Derawi, Mohammad
Among wireless communication technologies underlying Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart buildings, IQRF (Intelligent Connectivity Using Radio Frequency) technology is a promising candidate due to its low power consumption, cost-effectiveness, and wide coverage. However, effectively modeling the propagation characteristics of IQRF in complex indoor environments for simple and accurate network deployment remains challenging, as architectural elements like walls and corners cause substantial signal attenuation and unpredictable propagation behavior. This study investigates the applicability of a site-specific modeling approach, originally developed for urban street canyons, to characterize peer-to-peer (P2P) IQRF links operating at 868 MHz in typical indoor scenarios, including line-of-sight (LoS), one-turn, and two-turn non-line-of-sight (NLoS) configurations. The received signal powers are compared with well-known empirical models, including international telecommunication union radio communication sector (ITU-R) P.1238-9 and WINNER II, and ray-tracing simulations. The results show that while ITU-R P.1238-9 achieves lower prediction error under LoS conditions with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 5.694 dB, the site-specific approach achieves substantially higher accuracy in NLoS scenarios, maintaining RMSE values below 3.9 dB for one- and two-turn links. Furthermore, ray-tracing simulations exhibited notably larger deviations, with RMSE values ranging from 7.522 dB to 16.267 dB and lower correlation with measurements. These results demonstrate the potential of site-specific modeling to provide practical, computationally efficient, and accurate insights for IQRF network deployment planning in smart building environments.
Clinicopathological Predictors of Central Lymph Node Metastasis in Clinically Node-Negative Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
(Springer, 2025) Sakiz, Davut; Calapkulu, Murat; Sencar, Muhammed Erkam; Unsal, Ilknur Ozturk; Kartal, Mehmet Zabit; Ucan, Bekir; Cakal, Erman
PurposeThis retrospective cohort study aimed to identify clinicopathological predictors of central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).MethodsA total of 503 patients with PTC who underwent thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection were included. Preoperative clinical data, ultrasonographic features, and postoperative histopathological characteristics were analyzed.ResultsCLNM was detected in 209 (41.55%) patients. Male sex (odds ratio [OR] = 3.12, 95% CI: 1.82-5.35), irregular nodule borders (OR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.25-3.26) and higher risk categories in the American Thyroid Association (ATA) ultrasonographic pattern stratification system (OR = 13.312, 95% CI: 8.623-20.551) were identified as independent preoperative predictors of CLNM. A simplified model incorporating only the ATA ultrasonographic pattern stratification system and male sex achieved 83.5% accuracy in predicting CLNM. Histopathological evaluation revealed lymphovascular invasion (OR = 4.61, 95% CI: 2.81-7.55), extrathyroidal extension (OR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.52-3.83), and multifocality (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.04-2.40) as independent predictors of CLNM, while lymphocytic thyroiditis (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.39-0.89) was a protective factor.ConclusionThis study establishes that ATA ultrasonographic suspicion patterns combined with the male sex provide an accurate and simplified model for preoperative CLNM prediction in PTC, outperforming complex nomograms. Key independent predictors included male sex, irregular nodule margins, ATA high-risk patterns, lymphovascular invasion, extrathyroidal extension, and multifocality, while lymphocytic thyroiditis was protective. According to the current study, risk assessment and personalized management should favor a holistic approach, rather than focusing solely on individual risk factors.
Effectiveness of Boric Acid in Sepsis in Rats With Cecal Perforation
(Springer Nature, 2025) Kurtipek, Ali Can; Dursun, Ali Dogan; Yigman, Zeynep; Ozdemir, Cagri; Kucuk, Aysegul; Gonullu, Ugur; Arslan, Mustafa
Introduction and AimSepsis is a systemic inflammatory response that develops in the host against microorganisms, which results in end-organ damage. Boric acid (BA) has been shown to have immune modulatory effects in vitro and in animal studies. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of high dose BA on lung and kidney tissues in rats with sepsis induced by the CLP method.Method28 rats were randomly divided into four groups: Group C (control group), Group BA, Group CLP (cecal ligation and puncture), and Group CLP + BA. Cecum was ligated below the ileocecal valve and punctured. BA was administered to the treatment groups at an intraperitoneal dose of 200 mg/kg, and at the end of 24 h, lung and kidney tissue samples were collected and evaluated for biochemical and histopathological parameters.ResultsHistopathologically, in kidney tissue, CLP + BA group showed significantly less peritubular capillary dilatation and brush border loss in the proximal tubule epithelium compared to the CLP group. In lung tissue, CLP + BA group had significantly less alveolar wall thickening compared to the CLP group. Biochemical analyses indicated that BA administration reduced oxidative stress in both renal and lung tissues.ConclusionWe found that intraperitoneal administration of high dose boric acid partially ameliorated the tissue damage in rats subjected to CLP induced sepsis. Further studies are needed regarding the dosage and application at different time points.
Evaluation of Anti-Tetanus IgG Antibody Levels and Influencing Factors in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
(Frontiers Media Sa, 2025) Ozsoy, Metin; Ozturk, Hakki; Tuna, Aysegul; Varlibas, Artuner; Cesur, Salih; Aksoy, Altan; Demir, Mehmet Emin
Aim: This study aimed to assess anti-tetanus IgG antibody levels and identify determinants of inadequate tetanus immunity among maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, anti-tetanus IgG levels were measured by quantitative ELISA in 162 adult HD patients from two dialysis centers in Ankara, Turkey. Protective immunity was evaluated using both international (>= 0.1 IU/mL) and robust (>= 0.5 IU/mL) cut-offs. Demographic and clinical factors associated with immunity were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results: Only 16.7% of HD patients achieved robust protection (>= 0.5 IU/mL), whereas 49.8% had minimal protection (>= 0.1 IU/mL). Protective immunity was independently associated with younger age (OR 1.07 per year; p = 0.004), shorter dialysis duration (OR 1.07; p = 0.030), male sex (female OR 2.92; p = 0.048), and recent booster vaccination within 10 years (OR 0.11; p < 0.001). Diabetes mellitus was not an independent factor. Conclusion: Most HD patients lacked durable tetanus immunity, particularly older females on long-term dialysis. The findings highlight the need for regular antibody monitoring, early revaccination, and structured booster programs to maintain adequate protection in this high-risk population.
Genomic Characterization of Five Novel Salmonella Phages and the Assessment of Their Biocontrol Potential for the Preservation of Chicken Meat
(Elsevier, 2026) Cufaoglu, Gizem; Cengiz, Gorkem; Acar, Bahar Onaran; Kardogan, Ozlem; Onmaz, Nurhan Ertas; Unal, Gultekin; Ayaz, Naim Deniz
The rise of multidrug-resistant Salmonella poses a significant threat to food safety and public health, necessitating novel antimicrobial strategies. The primary objective of this study was to characterize novel bacteriophages and assess their biocontrol potential against predominant Salmonella serotypes. A total of 84 lytic bacteriophages specific to various Salmonella enterica serotypes were isolated from wastewater sources across T & uuml;rkiye. Five phages (S.Hadar 4-5-1, S.Inf 5-2, S.Typ Adana, S.Ent 1-35-3, and S.Kent 1-2-1) demonstrating broad lytic activity to tested major serotypes (S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, S. Infantis, S. Kentucky, S. Newport, S. Hadar, S. Gallinarum and S. Pullorum) and genetic diversity were selected for detailed phenotypic and genomic analysis. These phages, four from Siphoviridae and one from Podoviridae, exhibited tolerance to thermal (up to 60 degrees C) and mildly acidic conditions (pH 4), as well as 12-month stability when stored in Tris-Buffered Saline (TBS) with 20 % (v/v) glycerol at -20 degrees C and - 80 degrees C. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed their novelty and the absence of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes. A cocktail formulated from these phages was applied against Salmonella Enteritidis both in-vitro (at 37 degrees C) and on artificially contaminated chicken wings (at 4 degrees C). The phage cocktail effectively reduced Salmonella counts in both environments, keeping levels below the detection limit (< 1 log CFU/g) over 24 h. For chicken wings food model, bacterial reductions reached 3.30 log CFU/g and 4.86 log CFU/g. These results underscore the potential of the newly characterized Salmonella phages as effective tools for controlling bacterial contamination on chicken meat, supporting their use as a natural, and antibiotic-free strategy in modern food safety management.

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