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Article ISAR Imaging of Drone Swarms at 77 GHz(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2025) Coruk, Remziye Busra; Kara, Ali; Aydin, ElifThe proliferation of easily available, internet-purchased drones, coupled with the emergence of coordinated drone swarms, poses a significant security threat for airspace. Detecting these swarms is crucial to prevent potential accidents, criminal misuse, and airspace disruptions. This paper proposes a novel inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging technique for high-resolution reconstruction of drone swarms at 77 GHz millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency, offering a valuable tool for military and defense antidrone systems. The key parameters affecting down-range and cross-range resolution (0.05 m), ultimately enabling the generation of detailed ISAR images are discussed. Here, we create diverse scenarios encompassing various swarm formations, sizes, and payload configurations by employing ANSYS simulations. To enhance image quality, different window functions are evaluated, and the Hamming window is selected due to its highest peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) (16.3645) and structural similarity (SSIM) (0.9067) values, ensuring superior noise reduction and structural preservation. The results demonstrate that the effectiveness of high-resolution ISAR imaging in accurately detecting and characterizing drone swarms pave the way for enhanced airspace security measures.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1Bozucu Torklar Altında İzdüşümsel Doğru Akım Motoru Kontrolü(Gazi Univ, Fac Engineering Architecture, 2018) Doruk, Reşat Özgür; Zuglam, İsmail; Doruk, OzgurBu çalışmada, izdüşümsel doğrusal kareselservo geri beslemesi (P-LQSF) yöntemiyle tasarlanmış bir birdoğru akım (DC) motoru denetim yaklaşımı sunulmaktadır. Tasarlanan denetleyicinin kararlılığı girdidenhale-kararlılıkyaklaşımından yola çıkarak incelenmektedir. İzdüşümsel kontrol yöntemi, tam durumdeğişkeni geri beslemeli bir denetleyicinin özdeğer spektrumunu çıktı geri beslemesi kullanarak yaklaşıkolarak elde etmeyi amaçlar. Tasarlanan denetleyicilerin kararlılık analizi hem teorik hem de sayısalbenzetim yoluyla incelenecektir. Temel doğrusal kararlılığın yanı sıra, bozucu etkilerin kapalı döngüyü birdış girdi olarak etkilemesinden yola çıkarak girdiden-çıktıya-kararlılık kavramından yararlanılması olanaklıolabilmektedir. Sonuç olarak bir bozucu etkiden-hale-kararlılık yaklaşımı ortaya çıkmaktadır. Tasarımlar,elde edilen bu yaklaşımla incelenecektir. Performanslar ise sayısal benzetimler yoluyla görülecektir.Article Citation - WoS: 2Measuring Dependence Between Electricity Consumption and Economic Indicators Via Copulas: Turkish Case(Gazi Univ, 2018) Evkaya, O. Ozan; Yozgatligil, Ceylan; Selcuk-Kestel, A. Sevtap; Kestel, A. Sevtap Selçuk; MathematicsThis paper implements copulas to identify the dependence structure between electricity consumption and its cofounding indicators. To achieve this, Turkish electricity demand, its economic and sectoral indicators are taken into account. As a first step, bivariate copulas are used to identify the best fitting copula and the degree of the dependence. Thereafter, multivariate model is established using vine copulas using highly correlated variables. The empirical results confirm the added value of the proposed approach in determining numerous tail properties. We indicate that the copulas are useful to underline, especially, the tail properties of indicators in the market for decision makers.Article W-Band RCS Prediction of Small Objects: Comparing Two Widely Used Methods with Experimental Validation(Gazi University, 2025) Kara, Ali; Aydın, Elif; Yardım, Funda Ergün; Sezgin, Deniz; Ergun Yardim, FundaThis paper compares the accuracy of Shooting and Bouncing Rays and Electric Field Integral Equation methods for Radar Cross Section prediction of small objects at 77-81 GHz band. Existing studies on RCS prediction methods often lack comprehensive comparisons between computational and experimental results, particularly for small objects measured with a 77 GHz radar. This study addresses this gap by presenting an in-depth analysis of both simulation and measurement data. In this work, three targets with varying geometries and materials were measured with a frequency modulated continuous wave radar and simulated using Ansys HFSS and CST Studio Suite. The measurements were performed with a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) frequency modulated continuous wave radar operating at 77–81 GHz. This study aims to emphasize the importance of considering both efficiency and accuracy when opting for an RCS prediction method. Overall, the outcomes of both methods have largely demonstrated good alignment. It has been noted that, while Shooting and Bouncing Rays method offers promising time-saving advantages, Electric Field Integral Equation method remains a valuable tool for complex geometries where precise results are crucial.Article Citation - Scopus: 2An Approach for Performance Prediction of Saturated Brushed Permanent Magnet\rdirect Current (dc) Motor From Physical Dimensions(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Asl, Rasul Tarvirdilu; Zeinali, Reza; Ertan, Hulusi Bulent; Tarvirdilu-Asl, Rasul; Tarvirdilu–Asl, RasulAn analytical approach for performance prediction of saturated brushed permanent magnet direct current\r(DC) motors is proposed in this paper. In case of a heavy saturation in the stator back core of electrical machines, some\rflux completes its path through the surrounding air, and the conventional equivalent circuit cannot be used anymore.\rThis issue has not been addressed in the literature. The importance of considering the effect of the flux penetrating\rthe surrounding air is shown in this paper using finite element simulations and experimental results, and an analytical\rapproach is proposed to consider this effect on magnet operating point determination and performance prediction of\rsaturated brushed permanent magnet DC motors. An analytical method is also presented to determine the boundary\rradius of the surrounding air for obtaining accurate results in finite element (FE) solutions and analytical calculations.\rAn analytical approach based on Carter’s coefficient is also proposed to calculate the effective length of the magnet when\rthe length of the magnet and rotor length are not the same. The accuracy of the proposed analytical model is illustrated\rusing finite element simulations and experimental results. With this accuracy, this analytical model is very suitable to\rbe used for reliable and quick mathematical design optimization.Article Fitting a Recurrent Dynamical Neural Network To Neural Spiking Data: Tackling the Sigmoidal Gain Function Issues(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2019) Doruk, Reşat ÖzgürThis is a continuation of a recent study (Doruk RO, Zhang K. Fitting of dynamic recurrent neural networkmodels to sensory stimulus-response data. J Biol Phys 2018; 44: 449-469), where a continuous time dynamical recurrentneural network is fitted to neural spiking data. In this research, we address the issues arising from the inclusion ofsigmoidal gain function parameters to the estimation algorithm. The neural spiking data will be obtained from the samemodel as that of Doruk and Zhang, but we propose a different model for identification. This will also be a continuoustime recurrent neural network, but with generic sigmoidal gains. The simulation framework and estimation algorithmsare kept similar to that of Doruk and Zhang so that we can have a solid base to compare the results. We evaluatethe estimation performance in two different ways. First, we compare the firing rate responses of the original and theestimated model. We find that responses of both models to the same stimuli are similar. Secondly, we evaluate variationsof the standard deviations of the estimates against a number of samples and stimulus parameters. They show a similarpattern to that of Doruk and Zhang. We thus conclude that our model serves as a reasonable alternative provided thatfiring rate is the response of interest (to any stimulus).Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 2A Miniaturized Multi-Layer Microstrip Antenna for Linear Wireless Sensor Network Monitoring Systems(Gazi Univ, 2022) Kara, Ali; Aydın, Elif; Benzaghta, Mohamed; Er, Burak; Bilgin, GulsimaThis article presents a sub-GHz ISM band microstrip patch antenna based on the use of multi-layer compact structure, which overcomes the shortcomings of typical microstrip antennas such as low gain and high resonant frequency. The antenna was simulated using an electromagnetic simulator, ANSYS HFSS, and fabricated on two different substrates: RT Duroid 5880 and FR4 epoxy with a compact size of 100 x 100 x 8 mm3 (0.29λ × 0.29λ × 0.02λ). The simulated results of the antenna were then compared with the measured ones, and the two were observed to have a reasonable agreement. The proposed antenna operates in the sub-GHz license-free ISM band (862-875 MHz), with a gain value of 2.92 dB. Two prototypes of the proposed antenna were fabricated and used in a Linear Wireless Sensor Networks (LWSNs) monitoring system. Results show that the proposed antenna is a good candidate for those types of LWSNs systems.Article Citation - WoS: 1İndüksiyon Ön Isıtmalı Bir Elektromanyetik Darbe Şekillendirme Sisteminin Deneysel Analizi(Gazi Univ, Fac Engineering Architecture, 2020) Baranoğlu, Besim; Özbek, Mehmet Efe; Aydın, ElifBu çalışmada, özellikle otomotiv, uçak, uzay ve savunma sanayinde kullanımları giderek artmakta olanalüminyum, magnezyum, titanyum ve nikel alaşımları gibi gevrek malzemeleri şekillendirebilmek amacıylatasarımı yapılan bir indüksiyon ısıtma sistemi ve bir elektromanyetik şekillendirme sistemi kurulmuştur.Devreye alınan sistemler Al7075 levhaları ile test edilmiştir. İndüksiyon ısıtma sistemi ile ön ısıtması yapılanfarklı kalınlıktaki sac malzemeler elektromanyetik şekillendirme sistemi ile şekillendirilmiş ve bu sürecinetkinliği değerlendirilmiştir. Sistemin, uygun kalıp ve bobin tasarımları ile değişik sanayi uygulamalarındakullanılan metal alaşımlarını ılık ve sıcak olarak nitelendirilecek sıcaklıklarda şekillendirebilecek birkapasiteye sahip olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
