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Review Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 3Spatial Effectiveness in High-Rise Timber Towers: a Global Perspective(Mdpi, 2024) Ilgin, Huseyin Emre; Aslantamer, Ozlem NurHigh-rise timber structures signify a rising trend, thanks to their significant environmental and economic advantages that occur over their complete lifespan. Enhancing spatial effectiveness in these structures is a critical design consideration for project feasibility. Currently, there has been no comprehensive study on the space efficiency of such towers. This article analyzed 79 cases all over the world to deepen the knowledge of design features shaping spatial efficiency. The critical findings are as follows: (1) the most common architectural preferences include residential function, a centrally located service core, and prismatic arrangements; (2) the preferred structural material is composite, while a shear walled frame system is the favored structural system; (3) the average spatial efficiency and percentage of core area to GFA were recorded at 84% and 10%, ranging from the lowest values of 70% and 4% to the highest values of 95% and 21%, respectively; and (4) no significant differences were detected in the effect of core design approaches on spatial effectiveness if appropriately planned, with similar inferences drawn concerning form and the structural material used. This article will assist in developing design directions for different interested parties, including architectural designers taking part in the advancement of high-rise timber towers.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 3Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticle-Immobilized Antibacterial Anion-Exchange Membranes for Salinity Gradient Energy Production by Reverse Electrodialysis(Amer Chemical Soc, 2024) Eti, Mine; Cihanoglu, Aydin; Hamaloglu, Kadriye Ozlem; Altiok, Esra; Guler, Enver; Tuncel, Ali; Kabay, NalanBiofouling, stemming from the attachment of living microorganisms, such as bacteria, which form resilient biofilms on membrane surfaces, presents a significant challenge that hampers the efficiency of anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) in reverse electrodialysis (RED) applications. This limitation curtails the generation of electrical power from salinity gradients, which notably is a sustainable form of energy known as osmotic energy. RED stands as a clean and promising process to harness this renewable energy source. This study aimed to impart antibacterial activity to synthesized AEMs by using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). For that purpose, AgNPs were synthesized at 30 degree celsius using two different pH values (6.0 and 9.0) and immobilized into synthesized AEMs using the dip-coating technique. In nanoparticle synthesis, ascorbic acid and trisodium citrate were used as a reductant and a stabilizer, respectively, to take control of the particle size and agglomeration behavior. The results indicated that AgNPs synthesized at pH 6.0 were dispersed on the AEM surface without agglomeration. The stability of AgNPs immobilized on the membrane surface was tested under low- and high-saline solutions. The antibacterial activities of AEMs were determined with the colony-counting method using Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacterial suspension. The viability of bacteria dramatically decreased after the immobilization of AgNPs in the AEMs. In the short- and long-term RED tests, it has been observed that the AEMs having AgNPs have high energy-generating potentials, and power density up to 0.372 W/m(2) can be obtained.Article Citation - WoS: 1Outperformance of CaO-Incorporated Alumina-Supported Pd Catalysts in Methanol Decomposition(Springer, 2025) Eryildirim, Busra; Oktar, Nuray; Dogu, DorukThis study aimed to investigate the impact of CaO incorporation to alumina-supported Pd catalysts on the methanol decomposition reaction. For this purpose, mayenite, alumina and/or calcium oxide-supported Pd catalysts were synthesized. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by XRD, FTIR, Laser Raman spectroscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption, pyridine adsorbed DRIFTS, CO2-TPD, XPS, SEM-EDS, and ICP-OES techniques. Catalytic activity tests were carried out over a 6 h reaction period in the range of 100-400 degrees C. The results of the characterization and activity tests showed that the addition of CaO had significant effects on the physicochemical properties of the catalyst as well as on the catalytic activity. By adding CaO to the alumina support material, the acidity was reduced, thus reducing the selectivity for dimethyl ether (DME) formation, which is significantly high for the 1Pd@Al2O3 catalyst, and increasing the H2 and CO selectivity. The mayenite-supported catalyst (1Pd@SGM), which contains alumina and calcium oxide in its unique crystal structure, showed an excellent catalytic performance close to complete methanol conversion with DME selectivity below 1% at 400 degrees C. In the stability test carried out at 350 degrees C for 6 h with 1Pd@Al2O3, 1Pd@SGM, and 1Pd@48CaO@Al2O3 catalysts used in the temperature scan, it was concluded that all catalysts were stable and 1Pd@SGM catalyst showed higher catalytic activity than the others.Article Citation - WoS: 13Citation - Scopus: 13A Systematic Approach To Optimizing Energy-Efficient Automated Systems With Learning Models for Thermal Comfort Control in Indoor Spaces(Mdpi, 2023) Erisen, SerdarEnergy-efficient automated systems for thermal comfort control in buildings is an emerging research area that has the potential to be considered through a combination of smart solutions. This research aims to explore and optimize energy-efficient automated systems with regard to thermal comfort parameters, energy use, workloads, and their operation for thermal comfort control in indoor spaces. In this research, a systematic approach is deployed, and building information modeling (BIM) software and energy optimization algorithms are applied at first to thermal comfort parameters, such as natural ventilation, to derive the contextual information and compute the building performance of an indoor environment with Internet of Things (IoT) technologies installed. The open-source dataset from the experiment environment is also applied in training and testing unique black box models, which are examined through the users' voting data acquired via the personal comfort systems (PCS), thus revealing the significance of Fanger's approach and the relationship between people and their surroundings in developing the learning models. The contextual information obtained via BIM simulations, the IoT-based data, and the building performance evaluations indicated the critical levels of energy use and the capacities of the thermal comfort control systems. Machine learning models were found to be significant in optimizing the operation of the automated systems, and deep learning models were momentous in understanding and predicting user activities and thermal comfort levels for well-being; this can optimize energy use in smart buildings.Article Breaking the Cycle: A Systemic Analysis of Socio-Technical Barriers and Policy Priorities for Biomass Technology in an Emerging Economy(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2026) Oztel, Ahmet; Erol, Ismail; Benli, Tolga; Ar, Ilker MuratThis study addresses the critical challenge of slow biomass technology adoption in emerging economies, using Türkiye-with a potential of 3.9 MToe annually-as a representative case. Despite its promise for clean energy and rural development, adoption is stifled by a complex web of socio-economic and cultural barriers. Moving beyond isolated analyses, this research employs a novel Interval-Valued Picture Fuzzy Interpretive Structural Modeling and Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification approach to model the interdependencies and uncertainties among 17 key barriers identified from literature and expert input. The findings of this study provide a strategic hierarchy for policymakers, revealing that weak regulatory frameworks, gender roles, health concerns, cultural taboos around waste use, and land-use conflicts are the fundamental driving barriers that perpetuate dependent challenges such as high costs and low awareness. To break this cycle, we propose a targeted policy framework prioritizing robust regulations with financial incentives, genderinclusive training programs, public health campaigns, and community-based ownership models. These interventions offer a systemic roadmap to accelerate sustainable biomass adoption, directly supporting progress towards UN Sustainable Development Goals 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), 12 (Responsible Consumption), and 13 (Climate Action) in Türkiye and similar emerging economies where comparable socio-technical conditions prevail.Article Citation - WoS: 21Citation - Scopus: 21A Study on the Dark and Illuminated Operation of Al/Si3< Schottky Photodiodes: Optoelectronic Insights(Springer Heidelberg, 2024) Surucu, Ozge; Yildiz, Dilber Esra; Yildirim, MuratThis work extensively investigates the operation of an Al/ Si3N4/p-Si Schottky-type photodiode under dark and varying illumination intensities. The photodiode is fabricated by employing the metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method. A thorough electrical characterization is performed at room temperature, encompassing measurements of current-voltage (I-V), current-time (I-t), capacitance-time (C-t), and conductance time (G-t). The photodiode's rectification factor and reverse bias area increased under illumination. The relationship between light power density, barrier height, and diode ideality factor is found. The study also found a strong correlation between light intensity and applied voltage on series resistance (R-s) and shunt resistance (R-sh). R-s values are calculated using Cheung's functions, revealing the diode's resistance behavior. The study also examines the photodiode's photoconductivity and photoconductance, finding a non-linear relationship between photocurrent and illumination intensity, suggesting bimolecular recombination. Calculated photosensitivity (K), responsivity (R), and detectivity (D*) values show the device's light response effectiveness, but efficiency decreases at higher illumination intensities. Transient experiments indicate stable and reproducible photocurrent characteristics, revealing photogenerated charge temporal evolution. This study provides a complete understanding of the Al/Si3N4/p-Si Schottky photodiode's behavior under different illumination intensities. The findings advance optoelectronic device knowledge and enable their use in advanced technologies.Article Citation - WoS: 11Citation - Scopus: 11Higher Rates of Cefiderocol Resistance Among Ndm Producing klebsiella Bloodstream Isolates Applying Eucast Over Clsi Breakpoints(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Isler, Burcu; Vatansever, Cansel; Ozer, Berna; Cinar, Gule; Aslan, Abdullah Tarik; Falconer, Caitlin; Harris, Patrick N. A.BackgroundCefiderocol is generally active against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella spp. (CRK) with higher MICs against metallo-beta-lactamase producers. There is a variation in cefiderocol interpretive criteria determined by EUCAST and CLSI. Our objective was to test CRK isolates against cefiderocol and compare cefiderocol susceptibilities using EUCAST and CLSI interpretive criteria.MethodsA unique collection (n = 254) of mainly OXA-48-like- or NDM-producing CRK bloodstream isolates were tested against cefiderocol with disc diffusion (Mast Diagnostics, UK). Beta-lactam resistance genes and multilocus sequence types were identified using bioinformatics analyses on complete bacterial genomes.ResultsMedian cefiderocol inhibition zone diameter was 24 mm (interquartile range [IQR] 24-26 mm) for all isolates and 18 mm (IQR 15-21 mm) for NDM producers. We observed significant variability between cefiderocol susceptibilities using EUCAST and CLSI breakpoints, such that 26% and 2% of all isolates, and 81% and 12% of the NDM producers were resistant to cefiderocol using EUCAST and CLSI interpretive criteria, respectively.ConclusionsCefiderocol resistance rates among NDM producers are high using EUCAST criteria. Breakpoint variability may have significant implications on patient outcomes. Until more clinical outcome data are available, we suggest using EUCAST interpretive criteria for cefiderocol susceptibility testing.Article Knee Hyperextension in Chronic Stroke: Associated Biomechanical and Neuromuscular Factors(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2025) Korkusuz, Sueleyman; Korkusuz, Busra Seckinogullari; Ozgoren, Nihat; Aritan, Serdar; Ceren, Ali Naim; Topcuoglu, Mehmet Akif; Balkan, Ayla FilBackground: This study aimed to determine the gait phase in which knee hyperextension occurs in stroke patients and to investigate the factors associated with knee hyperextension. Methods: This study included 30 stroke patients aged between 40 and 70 years with maximum knee hyperextension during the stance phase of gait. Muscle strength was evaluated with manual muscle test, and muscle tone was assessed with the Modified Ashworth Scale. Kinematic evaluation of the patients was made using the motion analysis system. Additionally, categorisation was made according to the stance phase of gait, where knee hyperextension was at its highest. Findings: A weak relationship was found between maximum knee hyperextension angle and gastrocnemius spasticity, a moderate relationship between knee flexor muscle strength, and a moderate relationship between ankle dorsiflexor muscle strength. In addition, a weak relationship was found between the maximum knee hyperextension and pelvic retraction angles. According to this clustering, it was observed that 66.67 % of the participants (20 people) showed maximum knee hyperextension in the single support phase. It was observed that the participants who had maximum knee hyperextension, especially after the mid-stance phase, had higher mean gastrocnemius spasticity. It was also observed that participants in Cluster 4, with a greater amount of maximum knee hyperextension, had the worst clinical parameters. Interpretation: Our study observed that the degree of maximum knee hyperextension was related to knee flexor and ankle dorsiflexor muscle strengths, gastrocnemius spasticity and pelvic retraction. As clinical parameters worsened, maximum knee hyperextension was thought to occur late in the stance phase. Clinical Trial code: NCT05679700Article A Benchmark of Expert-Level Academic Questions to Assess AI Capabilities(Nature Portfolio, 2026) Phan, Long; Gatti, Alice; Li, Nathaniel; Khoja, Adam; Kim, Ryan; Ren, Richard; Scaramuzza, Davide; Park, JongeeBenchmarks are important tools for tracking the rapid advancements in large language model (LLM) capabilities. However, benchmarks are not keeping pace in difficulty: LLMs now achieve more than 90% accuracy on popular benchmarks such as Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding(1), limiting informed measurement of state-of-the-art LLM capabilities. Here, in response, we introduce Humanity's Last Exam (HLE), a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage. HLE consists of 2,500 questions across dozens of subjects, including mathematics, humanities and the natural sciences. HLE is developed globally by subject-matter experts and consists of multiple-choice and short-answer questions suitable for automated grading. Each question has a known solution that is unambiguous and easily verifiable but cannot be quickly answered by internet retrieval. State-of-the-art LLMs demonstrate low accuracy and calibration on HLE, highlighting a marked gap between current LLM capabilities and the expert human frontier on closed-ended academic questions. To inform research and policymaking upon a clear understanding of model capabilities, we publicly release HLE at https://lastexam.ai.Article Citation - WoS: 24Citation - Scopus: 27Effect of Solution Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Crystallographic Texture of In939 Fabricated by Powder Bed Fusion-Laser Beam(Elsevier, 2023) Dogu, Merve Nur; Ozer, Seren; Yalcin, Mustafa Alp; Davut, Kemal; Bilgin, Guney Mert; Obeidi, Muhannad Ahmed; Brabazon, DermotThe effect of various solution heat treatment temperatures (i.e., 1120, 1160, 1200 and 1240 & DEG;C) on the microstructure, grain morphology and crystallographic texture of IN939 fabricated by powder bed fusion-laser beam (PBF-LB) was investigated. Microstructural analyses showed that the high-temperature gradient and rapid solidification of the PBF-LB processing caused different resulting microstructures compared to conventionally pro-duced counterparts. The melt pool morphologies and laser scanning paths were examined in the as-fabricated samples in the XZ-and XY-planes, respectively. After the application of solution heat treatment at 1120 & DEG;C, the as-fabricated PBF-LB initial microstructure was still apparent. For solution heat treatments of 1200 & DEG;C and above, the melt pool and scanning path morphologies disappeared and converted into a mixture of columnar grains in the XZ-plane and equiaxed grains in the XY-plane. On the other hand, large equiaxed grains were observed when the samples were solutionized at 1240 & DEG;C. Additionally, g' phase precipitated within the matrix after all solution heat treatment conditions, which led to increase in the microhardness values. According to electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analyses, both as-fabricated and solution heat-treated samples had intense texture with {001} plane normal parallel to the building direction. The first recrystallized grains began to appear when the samples were subjected to the solution heat treatment at 1160 & DEG;C and the fraction of the recrystallized grains increased with increasing temperature, as supported by kernel average misorientation (KAM) and grain spread orientation (GOS) analyses.& COPY; 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).