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Article Citation - WoS: 89Citation - Scopus: 105Industry 4.0 Technologies, Sustainable Operations Practices and Their Impacts on Sustainable Performance(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Yavuz, Oguzhan; Uner, M. Mithat; Okumus, Fevzi; Karatepe, Osman M.Using a natural resource-based view and technology-organization-environment framework as the theoretical focus, this paper develops and tests a research model in which sustainable operations practices mediate the impact of industry 4.0 technologies on sustainable performance. The model also tests sustainable operations practices as a moderator of the effect of industry 4.0 technologies on sustainable performance. Data obtained from 302 participants in Turkey's technology development regions were utilized to gauge the aforesaid linkages via partial least squares structural equation modeling. As predicted, sustainable operations practices mediate the influence of industry 4.0 technologies on sustainable performance. Contrary to the study prediction, sustainable operations practices do not significantly moderate the impact of industry 4.0 technologies on sustainable performance. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed and future research directions are offered.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 3Internationalization Journey of Healthcare Providers: the Case of Turkish Acibadem Healthcare Group(Wiley, 2022) Uner, M. Mithat; Cetin, Burak; Eroglu, Sevgin; Cavusgil, S. TamerThe advances in technology and global deregulation have led to the progressive internationalization of professional services, notably, the healthcare industry. The present case study examines the remarkable internationalization journey of Acibadem Healthcare Group (AHG) by scrutinizing the dynamics and outcomes of the agile and innovative strategies which propel their achievements. The case of AHG shows that successful internationalization in the service industry, in general, and healthcare, in particular, is not solely in the domain of large, established companies from advanced economies, but those ventures with liabilities of origin, newness, and size can also succeed with smart strategies and resourceful leveraging of their competitive advantages. The study provides unique insights on strategic management for successful internationalization of the healthcare services within an emerging market context and suggests future research avenues in this fast-growing field of inquiry.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 5Test of a Moderated Serial Mediation Model of Management Commitment To the Ecological Environment(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2024) Karatepe, Tuna; Rescalvo-Martin, Elisa; Kim, Taegoo Terry; Uner, M. Mithat; Ozturen, Ali; Karatepe, Osman M.The purpose of our paper is to assess the interrelationships of management commitment to the ecological environment (MCEE), harmonious environmental passion (HEP), task-related and proactive pro-environmental behaviors (PEB), and qualitative job insecurity (QJIS) in a moderated serial mediation model. Data gathered from hotel customer-contact employees were utilized to gauge the aforementioned links. The results from the partial least squares structural equation modeling suggest that HEP and task-related PEB mediate the linkage between MCEE and proactive PEB in a sequential manner. The results further suggest that QJIS mitigates the influence of MCEE on HEP. More importantly, QJIS reduces the indirect positive impact of MCEE on proactive PEB through HEP and task-related PEB such that the indirect positive impact is lower among hotel employees with high QJIS than among hotel employees with low QJIS. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.Article Citation - WoS: 23Citation - Scopus: 31On the Internationalization of Turkish Hospital Chains: a Dynamic Capabilities Perspective(Elsevier, 2020) Uner, M. Mithat; Cetin, Burak; Cavusgil, S. TamerHow do professional service firms build the capabilities required for effective international operations? Although the internationalization of manufacturing firms is a widely studied topic, the literature on the internationalization of service firms remains scant. The problem is even more acute when it comes to studies of professional services such as healthcare organizations and hospitals. Yet, we encounter remarkable examples of international market expansion by professional service firms. In this paper, we report on a study of large privately-owned hospital operators from the emerging economy of Turkey, based on in-depth interviews with senior executives. Taking advantage of Turkey's strategic location in the region, these firms have shown extraordinary entrepreneurial initiative expanding their operations beyond the home market over the past two decades. Even more impressive is the creative strategies these firms have been deploying in terms of market entry modes. These range from medical tourism to setting up diagnostic clinics abroad, operating full-service hospitals in key markets, management contracts, and attracting equity capital from international investment firms. We draw from the theory of dynamic capabilities in order to explain the success these firms have had in cultivating international market opportunities. We contend that it takes a variety of organizational capabilities for traditionally domestic-market focused firms to expand into international markets. We provide an integrative discussion and offer implications for advancing knowledge and managerial practice.Article Citation - WoS: 17Citation - Scopus: 24The New Middle Class in Emerging Markets: How Values and Demographics Influence Discretionary Consumption(Wiley, 2019) Belbag, Aybegum G.; Uner, M. Mithat; Cavusgil, Erin; Cavusgi, S. TamerThe rise of new middle-class consumers in rapidly transforming emerging markets has attracted the attention of Western business executives. What they know about this growing segment of customers will determine whether they succeed or fail in these markets. The present study examines the factors that drive the discretionary consumption of this new middle class, including the effects of consumerist values, religious values, occupation, education levels, and ownership of fixed assets. The study draws its insights from data gathered from 391 new middle-class consumers in Ankara, the second-largest city in Turkey. The findings provide important implications for businesses, both indigenous and foreign. An overall implication is that managers ought to understand and qualify the new middle class in emerging markets not simply by their access to disposable income but by deeper attitudinal and behavioral characteristics.Article Investigating Student Churn Among Business Schools in Higher Education(Tuba-turkish Acad Sciences, 2023) Yalcin, Aybueke; Uner, M. Mithat; Karatepe, Osman M.; Aboramadan, MohammedThe purpose of our paper is to examine what the reasons for student churn are and why students begin their educational careers in a school of business and then leave and register at another university. Following a qualitative methodology, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 31 students (11 females, 20 males; mean age: 21.12; range: 19 to 25 years) who had switched from one business school to another in Ankara, the capital city of T & uuml;rkiye, and QSR NVivo 12 for Windows was used to analyze the qualitative data. The findings reveal that the main reason of student churn is associated with obstacles regarding the use of English as the medium of instruction. This is followed by dissatisfaction with the school or the department. The reasons for students preferring another university are also related to having friends at the university chosen, proximity to home, referrals, and family members. The study provides important insights to university administrators pertaining to the reasons associated with student churn in higher education. When the results are examined by university type, it is seen that the dissatisfaction with the university or department was the primary reason for the students who left the state universities, while the foreign language problem was the reason for the students who left the foundation universities. Considering the findings of the study, the university administration should concentrate on how to improve students' foreign language skills, invest more in research and innovation, and increase social activities to improve communication among students.Article Citation - WoS: 13Citation - Scopus: 15Build-Operate Projects as a Hybrid Mode of Market Entry: the Case of Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge in Istanbul(Elsevier Science Bv, 2018) Uner, M. Mithat; Cavusgil, Erin; Cavusgil, S. TamerBOT (Build- Operate-Transfer) projects are well known to sponsors and contractors of mega infrastructure projects around the world. The massive scale and long-term time frame of these construction projects require non-traditional business relationships among the sponsors, prime contractors, sub-contractors, and a host of other vendors. The BOT model is typically sought by local and national governments that cannot independently finance complex mega projects. A BOT deal refers to a large-scale project where the sponsor (typically a governmental agency) contracts with a prime contractor, that assumes the responsibility for completing the construction and operating it for a predetermined period, before turning ownership back over to the sponsor. During this predetermined period, the contractor can recoup its investment through its operations and/or through a guaranteed rate of return from the sponsor. This paper reports on such a project - the case of Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge, the third bridge linking Asia and Europe in Istanbul, a sprawling metropolis of roughly 15 million people. The bid also called for the construction of the connecting highways. It was initiated in 2012 and was completed in 2016. Named after a celebrated Ottoman Sultan, the bridge is widely acknowledged to address a much-needed infrastructure project for Istanbul. We detail BOT projects - rarely discussed in the IB literature - as a hybrid mode of international market entry, with unique features, benefits, and risks. The insights offered in this manuscript were gathered from a series of unstructured interviews with senior executives of the prime contractors.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1Is Green Servant Leadership a Stronger Predictor of Green Work Engagement and Task-Related Proactive Behaviour Compared to Green Transformational Leadership(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Yorulmaz, Ali Cenk; Uner, M. Mithat; Rescalvo-Martin, Elisa; Karatepe, Tuna; Saydam, Mehmet Bahri; Karatepe, Osman M.The pertinent literature is devoid of research regarding the effects of green servant leadership (GSL) and green transformational leadership (GTL) simultaneously on green work engagement (GWE) and task-related pro-environmental behaviour (TPEB) and GWE as a mediator in the previously discussed associations. Therefore, drawing from social exchange and job demands-resources theories, our paper develops and tests a research model that investigates the interrelationships of GSL, GTL, GWE, and TPEB. Data were gathered from hotel employees in Ankara, T & uuml;rkiye. The hypotheses were tested using partial least squares structural equation modelling. The results suggest that the positive influence of GSL on GWE is stronger than the positive influence of GTL on GWE. As expected, GWE mediates the effects of GSL and GTL on TPEB. More importantly, the indirect positive influence of GSL on TPEB via GWE is stronger than the indirect positive influence of GTL.Article Citation - WoS: 14Citation - Scopus: 31Does a Highly Standardized International Advertising Campaign Contribute To the Enhancement of Destination Image? Evidence From Turkey(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2023) Uner, M. Mithat; Karatepe, Osman M.; Cavusgil, S. Tamer; Kucukergin, Kemal GurkanPurposeDoes a highly standardized international advertising campaign enhance destination image? Drawing evidence from Turkey's Home Global Image Campaign, the authors investigate this fundamental question. This would help the authors to understand whether there are significant differences in cognitive and affective image among tourist groups in Europe in a destination where there is a highly standardized international advertising campaign.Design/methodology/approachData collected from British, German, French and Italian tourists through the official Twitter account of the Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism (TMCT) were used to carry out the quantitative analysis. Analysis of variance test was performed to assess the differences in nationalities. The Scheffe test was also applied as a post hoc comparison.FindingsCognitive image attributes such as "good value for money," "good climate," "interesting and friendly people," "beautiful scenery and natural attractions," "interesting cultural attractions," "appealing local food (cuisine)" and "hygiene and cleanliness" are found to be less favorable in the perceptions of French tourists than those of British, German and Italian tourists. British, German and Italian tourists perceive Turkey as a more pleasant destination than French tourists. Overall, the findings suggest that a highly standardized international advertising campaign fails to boost the destination image for all nationalities.Practical implicationsThe TMCT officials should use the adaptation strategy in international advertising campaigns since the findings denote that the "one-size-fits all" approach is problematic. The TMCT should support and promote environmental sustainability efforts and green hotel practices to attract more tourists and use them in different communication channels.Originality/valueAssessment of affective and cognitive destination images (differences) is still an unresolved issue in the destination management and marketing literature. It seems that there is no empirical study investigating the cognitive and affective image attributes of a destination based on standardization versus adaptation approaches. This paper makes a contribution to the current literature by demonstrating that using the same image campaign in different markets is a practice that fails to achieve the intended goals.Article Citation - WoS: 23Does a Highly Standardized International Advertising Campaign Contribute To the Enhancement of Destination Image? Evidence From Turkey(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2022) Uner, M. Mithat; Karatepe, Osman M.; Cavusgil, S. Tamer; Kucukergin, Kemal GurkanPurpose - Does a highly standardized international advertising campaign enhance destination image? Drawing evidence from Turkey's Home Global Image Campaign, the authors investigate this fundamental question. This would help the authors to understand whether there are significant differences in cognitive and affective image among tourist groups in Europe in a destination where there is a highly standardized international advertising campaign. Design/methodology/approach - Data collected from British, German, French and Italian tourists through the official Twitter account of the Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism (TMCT) were used to carry out the quantitative analysis. Analysis of variance test was performed to assess the differences in nationalities. The Scheffe test was also applied as a post hoc comparison. Findings - Cognitive image attributes such as "good value for money," "good climate," "interesting and friendly people," "beautiful scenery and natural attractions," "interesting cultural attractions," "appealing local food (cuisine)" and "hygiene and cleanliness" are found to be less favorable in the perceptions of French tourists than those of British, German and Italian tourists. British, German and Italian tourists perceive Turkey as a more pleasant destination than French tourists. Overall, the findings suggest that a highly standardized international advertising campaign fails to boost the destination image for all nationalities. Practical implications -The TMCT officials should use the adaptation strategy in international advertising campaigns since the findings denote that the "one-size-fits all" approach is problematic. The TMCT should support and promote environmental sustainability efforts and green hotel practices to attract more tourists and use them in different communication channels. Originality/value - Assessment of affective and cognitive destination images (differences) is still an unresolved issue in the destination management and marketing literature. It seems that there is no empirical study investigating the cognitive and affective image attributes of a destination based on standardization versus adaptation approaches. This paper makes a contribution to the current literature by demonstrating that using the same image campaign in different markets is a practice that fails to achieve the intended goals.
