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Article Citation - WoS: 7Citation - Scopus: 6Temperature-Dependent Structural Transition, Electronic Properties and Impedance Spectroscopy Analysis of Tl2ingas4< Crystals Grown by the Bridgman Method(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2018) Qasrawi, A. F.; Alkarem, Qotaibah A.; Gasanly, N. M.In this work, we report the temporary structural modifications associated with the in situ heating of the Tl2InGaS4 crystals in the temperature range of 300-420 K. The analysis of the X-ray diffraction patterns revealed the temperature-independent possible phase transformations between the monoclinic and triclinic phases. The temperature analysis of the lattice parameters, crystallite size, strain, dislocation density and stacking faults has shown a temporary enhancement in the crystallinity of this compound above 375 K. Significant increase in the grain size accompanied to decrease in the strain, defect density and stacking faults was observed above this temperature. The scanning electron microscopy imaging has shown that the crystals are layer structured with high quality layers of thicknesses of similar to 12 nm. In addition the energy dispersive X-ray analysis has shown that the crystal comprise no detectable impurity. Moreover, the room temperature optical characterizations has shown that the Tl2InGaS4 exhibit an energy band gap of 2.5 eV. The temperature dependent electrical resistivity measurements indicated highly resistive crystal with activation energy values of 0.84 and 0.19 eV above and below 375 K, respectively. On the other hand, room temperature impedance spectroscopy analysis in the frequency domain of 10-1800 MHz has shown that the crystal exhibits negative resistance and negative capacitance effects below and above 1580 MHz. The crystals are observed also to behave as band stop filter with notch frequency of 1711 MHz.Article Citation - WoS: 4Citation - Scopus: 4Mixed Conduction and Anisotropic Single Oscillator Parameters in Low Dimensional Tlinse2 Crystals(Elsevier Science Sa, 2013) Qasrawi, A. F.; Gasanly, N. M.Due to the importance of the TlInSe2 crystal as neutron and gamma-ray detectors, its electrical and dispersive optical parameters have been investigated. Particularly, the anisotropic current conduction mechanism in the temperature region of 100-350 K and the room temperature anisotropic dispersive optical properties were studied by means of electrical conductivity and optical reflectance, respectively. It has been shown that the mixed conduction is the most dominant transport mechanism in the TlInSe2 crystals. Particularly, when the electric field is applied perpendicular to the crystal's c-axis, the main dominant current transport mechanism is due to the mixed conduction and the variable range hopping above and below 160 K, respectively. When the electric field is applied parallel to the crystal's c-axis, the electrical conductivity is dominated by the thermionic emission, mixed conduction and variable range hopping at high, moderate and low temperatures, respectively. The optical reflectivity analysis in the wavelength range 210-1500 nm revealed a clear anisotropy effect on the dispersive optical parameters. Particularly, the static refractive index, static dielectric constant, dispersion energy and oscillator energy exhibited values of 2.50, 6.24, 20.72 eV and 3.96 eV, and values of 3.05, 9.33, 39.27 eV and 4.72 eV for light propagation parallel and perpendicular to the crystal's c-axis, respectively. Moreover, the frequency dependence of the dielectric constant, epsilon(omega), reflected strong dielectric anisotropy that exhibit maximum epsilon(omega) value of 38.80 and 11.40 at frequencies of 11.07 x 10(14) Hz for light propagation parallel and perpendicular to the crystal's c-axis, respectively. The anisotropy in the epsilon(omega) makes the TlInSe2 crystals attractive to be used as nonvolatile static memory devices. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 13Citation - Scopus: 14Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Bi12geo20 Single Crystal for Optoelectronic Applications(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Isik, M.; Gasanly, N. M.The present paper aims at presenting linear and nonlinear optical properties of Bi12GeO20 single crystals grown by Czochralski method. Transmission and reflection measurements were performed in the 400-1000 nm region. The recorded spectra were analyzed considering well-known optical models. Spectral dependencies of absorption coefficient, skin depth, refractive index, real and imaginary components of dielectric function were presented. The analyses performed on absorption coefficient showed direct bandgap and Urbach energies as 2.56 and 0.22 eV, respectively. The first-and third-order nonlinear susceptibilities and nonlinear refractive index of the crystal were also reported in the present work. The results of the present paper would provide valuable information for optoelectronic device applications of Bi12GeO20.Article Citation - WoS: 6Citation - Scopus: 5Growth and Characterization of Pbmo0.75w0.25o4 Single Crystal: a Promising Material for Optical Applications(Elsevier Science Sa, 2023) Isik, M.; Gasanly, N. M.; Darvishov, N. H.; Bagiev, V. E.The present paper reports the structural and optical properties of PbMo0.75W0.25O4 single crystals grown by Czochralski method. XRD pattern of the crystal indicated well-defined two diffraction peaks associated with tetragonal crystalline structure. Raman and infrared spectra of the grown single crystals were presented to get information about the vibrational characteristics. Observed Raman modes were associated with modes of PbMoO4 and PbWO4. Eight bands were revealed in the infrared spectrum. The bands observed in the spectrum were attributed to multiphonon absorption processes. Transmission spectrum was measured in the 375-700 nm spectral region. The analyses of the spectrum resulted in direct band gap energy of 3.12 +/- 0.03 eV. The compositional dependent band gap energy plot was drawn considering the reported band gap energies of PbMoO4, PbWO4 and revealed band gap of PbMo0.75W0.25O4 single crystal. An almost linear behavior of composition-band gap energy was seen for PbMo1-xWxO4 compounds. Urbach energy was also found from the absorption coefficient analysis as 0.082 +/- 0.002 eV.Article Citation - WoS: 22Citation - Scopus: 22Optical Properties of Tlins2 Layered Single Crystals Near the Absorption Edge(Springer, 2006) Qasrawi, A. F.; Gasanly, N. M.The sample thickness effect on the optical properties of TlInS2 layered crystals has been investigated at room temperature. The absorption coefficient of the samples calculated from the experimental transmittance and reflectance in the photon energy range of 1.10-3.10 eV has two absorption regions. The first is a long-wavelength region of 1.16-1.28 eV. The second region lies above 2.21 eV with a thickness-dependent indirect band gap. The energy gap decreases from 2.333 to 2.255 eV as the sample thickness increases from 27 to 66 mu m. The differential spectra of absorption coefficient demonstrates the existence of a thickness-dependent impurity level being lowered from 2.360 to 2.307 eV as sample thickness increases from 27 to 66 mu m. (c) 2006 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 5Absorption Edge and Optical Constants of Tl2ga2< Crystals From Reflection and Transmission, and Ellipsometric Measurements(Elsevier, 2012) Isik, M.; Gasanly, N. M.The optical properties of Tl2Ga2S3Se layered crystalline semiconductors were investigated from transmission, reflection and ellipsometric measurements. The experimental results of the room temperature transmission and reflection measurements performed in the wavelength range of 400-1100 nm showed the presence of both indirect and direct transitions in the band structure of the crystals with 2.38 and 2.62 eV band gap energies. Spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements on Tl2Ga2S3Se crystals were carried out on the layer-plane (0 0 1) surfaces with light polarization E perpendicular to c* in the 1.20-4.70 eV spectral range at room temperature. The real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function as well as refractive and absorption indices were found as a result of analysis of ellipsometric data. The Wemple-DiDomenico single-effective-oscillator model was used to study the dispersion of the refractive index in the below band gap energy range. The structures of critical points have been characterized from the second derivative spectra of the dielectric function. The analysis revealed four interband transition structures with 3.14, 3.40, 3.86 and 4.50 eV critical point energies. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 5Determination of Trapping Parameters of Thermoluminescent Glow Peaks of Semiconducting Tl2ga2< Crystals(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2015) Isik, M.; Yildirim, T.; Gasanly, N. M.Thermoluminescence (TL) properties of Tl2Ga2S3Se layered single crystals were researched in the temperature range of 290-770 K. U glow curve exhibited two peaks with maximum temperatures of similar to 373 and 478 K. Curve fitting, initial rise and peak shape methods were used to determine the activation energies of the trapping centers associated with these peaks. Applied methods were in good agreement with the energies of 780 and 950 meV. Capture cross sections and attempt-to-escape frequencies of the trapping centers were reported. An energy level diagram showing transitions in the band gap of the crystal was plotted under the light of the results of the present work and previously reported papers on photoluminescence, thermoluminescence and thermally stimulated current measurements carried out below room temperature. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 14Citation - Scopus: 15Structural and Optical Properties of Ga2se3< Crystals by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry(Springer, 2019) Guler, I.; Isik, M.; Gasanly, N. M.; Gasanova, L. G.; Babayeva, R. F.Optical and crystalline structure properties of Ga2Se3 crystals were analyzed utilizing ellipsometry and x-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments, respectively. Components of the complex dielectric function (epsilon=epsilon(1)+i epsilon(2)) and refractive index (N=n+ik) of Ga2Se3 crystals were spectrally plotted from ellipsometric measurements conducted from 1.2eV to 6.2eV at 300K. From the analyses of second-energy derivatives of epsilon(1) and epsilon(2), interband transition energies (critical points) were determined. Absorption coefficient-photon energy dependency allowed us to achieve a band gap energy of 2.02eV. Wemple and DiDomenico single effective oscillator and Spitzer-Fan models were accomplished and various optical parameters of the crystal were reported in the present work.Article Citation - WoS: 7Citation - Scopus: 7Trapping Centers and Their Distribution in Tl2ga2< Layered Single Crystals(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2009) Isik, M.; Gasanly, N. M.Thermally stimulated current (TSC) measurements with current flowing perpendicular to the layers were carried out on Tl2Ga2Se3S layered single crystals in the temperature range of 10-260K. The experimental data were analyzed by using different methods, such as curve fitting, initial rise and isothermal decay methods. The analysis revealed that there were three trapping centers with activation energies of 12, 76 and 177 meV. It was concluded that retrapping in these centers was negligible, which was confirmed by the good agreement between the experimental results and the theoretical predictions of the model that assumes slow retrapping. The capture cross section and the concentration of the traps have been also determined. An exponential distribution of electron traps was revealed from the analysis of the TSC data obtained at different light illumination temperatures. This experimental technique provided values of 10 and 88 meV/decade for the traps distribution related to two different trapping centers. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 22Citation - Scopus: 24Synthesis and Temperature-Tuned Band Gap Characteristics of Magnetron Sputtered Znte Thin Films(Elsevier, 2020) Isik, M.; Gullu, H. H.; Parlak, M.; Gasanly, N. M.Zinc telluride (ZnTe) is one of the attractive semiconducting compounds used in various optoelectronic devices. The usage of ZnTe in optoelectronic applications directs researchers to search its optical characteristics in great detail. For this purpose, structural and optical properties of magnetron sputtered ZnTe thin films were studied by means of x-ray diffraction and transmission spectroscopy measurements. Structural analyses indicated that ZnTe thin films having cubic crystalline structure were successfully grown on soda-lime glass substrates. Transmittance spectra in the 400-1000 nm were recorded in between 10 and 300 K temperature region. The analyses of absorption coefficient spectra resulted in band gap energies decreasing from around 2.31 (10 K) to 2.26 eV (300 K). Temperature dependency of gap energy was studied by Varshni and O'Donnell-Chen relations to determine various optical parameters like absolute zero temperature band gap energy, change of gap energy with temperature, phonon energy.
