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Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 2Space-charge-limited currents and photoconductive properties of Tl2InGaSe4 layered crystals(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2008) Qasrawi, A. F.; Gasanly, N. M.The extrinsic electronic parameters of Tl2InGaSe4 layered crystals were investigated through measurement of the temperature-dependent dark conductivity, space-charge-limited currents and photoconductivity. Analysis of the dark conductivity reveals the existence of two extrinsic energy levels at 0.40 and 0.51 eV below the conduction band edge, which are dominant above and below 260 K, respectively. Current-voltage characteristics show that the one at 0.51 eV is a trapping energy level with a concentration of (4.8-7.7) x 10(10) cm(3). Photoconductivity measurements reveal the existence of another energy level located at 0.16 eV. In the studied temperature range, the photocurrent increases with increasing temperature. The dependence of the photoconductivity on the incident light intensity exhibits a linear recombination character near room temperature and a supralinear character as the temperature decreases. The change in recombination mechanism is attributed to an exchange in the behavior of sensitizing and recombination centres.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 5Optical Properties of Tlgaxin1-x< Mixed Crystals (0.5 ≤ x ≤ 1) by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry, Transmission, and Reflection(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2014) Isik, M.; Delice, S.; Gasanly, N. M.The layered semiconducting TlGaxIn1-xSe2-mixed crystals (0.5 <= x <= 1) were studied for the first time by spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements in the 1.2-6.2 eV spectral range at room temperature. The spectral dependence of the components of the complex dielectric function, refractive index, and extinction coefficient were revealed using an optical model. The interband transition energies in the studied samples were found from the analysis of the second-energy derivative spectra of the complex dielectric function. The effect of the isomorphic cation substitution (indium for gallium) on critical point energies in TlGaxIn1-xSe2 crystals was established. Moreover, the absorption edge of TlGaxIn1-xSe2 crystals have been studied through the transmission and reflection measurements in the wavelength range of 500-1100 nm. The analysis of absorption data revealed the presence of both optical indirect and direct transitions. It was found that the energy band gaps decrease with the increase of indium content in the studied crystals.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 2Thermoluminescence Characteristics of Tl4gain3< Layered Single Crystals(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2014) Delice, S.; Isik, M.; Gasanly, N. M.The properties of trapping centres in - as grown - Tl4GaIn3S8 layered single crystals were investigated in the temperature range of 10-300K using thermoluminescence (TL) measurements. TL curve was analysed to characterize the defects responsible for the observed peaks. Thermal activation energies of the trapping centres were determined using various methods: curve fitting, initial rise and peak shape methods. The results indicated that the peak observed in the low-temperature region composed of many overlapped peaks corresponding to distributed trapping centres in the crystal structure. The apparent thermal energies of the distributed traps were observed to be shifted from similar to 12 to similar to 125meV by increasing the illumination temperature from 10 to 36K. The analysis revealed that the first-order kinetics (slow retrapping) obeys for deeper level located at 292meV.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1Optoelectronic Properties of Tl3inse4 Single Crystals(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2010) Qasrawi, A. F.; Gasanly, N. M.The crystal structure, temperature-dependent electrical conductivity, Hall coefficient, current-voltage characteristics, absorption spectra and temperature- and illumination-dependent photoconductivity of Tl3InSe4 single crystals were investigated. Tl3InSe4 crystallises in a body-centred lattice with tetragonal symmetry and belongs to the space group [image omitted]. The crystals are extrinsic p-type semiconductors and exhibit a conductivity conversion from p- to n-type at a critical temperature, Tc, of 283 K. They are observed to have Schottky diode properties in an Ag/Tl3InSe4/Ag Schottky barrier device structure. The absorption spectra displays two maxima, one related to an indirect energy band gap of 1.20 eV and another corresponding to exciton transitions. The photocurrent is observed to be strongly affected by the conductivity type of the crystal. The incident light intensity dependence of the photocurrent is found to be supralinear, linear and sublinear, indicating strong recombination at the surface, monomolecular recombination and bimolecular recombination, respectively, in the regions where the sample is p-type ([image omitted]), at [image omitted], and in the n-type region ([image omitted]). In the n-type region, the photocurrent increases with decreasing temperature down to 250 K, below which the photocurrent is temperature invariant. The change in recombination mechanism is attributed to the change in the behaviour of sensitising and recombination centres.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 2Study of trapping and recombination centres in Tl2InGaTe4 chain crystals by dark electrical conductivity and photoconductivity measurements(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2007) Qasrawi, A. F.; Gasanly, N. M.Dark electrical conductivity and photoconductivity of Tl2InGaTe4 single crystals have been measured and analyzed in the temperature region 100-300 K. The dark electrical conductivity measurements revealed an intrinsic- or extrinsic-type of conductivity above or below 210 K, respectively. From intrinsic conductivity data analysis, the energy band gap of Tl2InGaTe4 crystals was determined as 0.85 eV. In the extrinsic region, the dark conductivity arises from a donor energy level located at 0.30 eV below the conduction band. The photocurrent increases with increasing illumination intensity. The recombination mechanism in the crystal changes as temperature decreases due to the effect of exponential trapping centres. Two trapping and/or recombination centres located at 89 and 27 meV were determined from the temperature dependence of the photocurrent, which decreased or increased with increasing temperature in the regions above or below 180 K, respectively.Article Citation - WoS: 14Citation - Scopus: 14Temperature-Dependent Optical Properties of Gase Layered Single Crystals(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Isik, M.; Tugay, E.; Gasanly, N. M.Optical properties of GaSe single crystals have been investigated using temperature-dependent transmission and room temperature reflection measurements in the wavelength range of 380-1100nm. The analysis of the absorption data at room temperature showed the existence of indirect transitions in the crystal with energy band gap of 1.98eV. Temperature dependence of the transmission measurements revealed the shift of the absorption edge toward lower energy as temperature is increased from 10 to 280K. The rate of change of the indirect band gap was found as =-6.6x10(-4)eV/K from the analysis of experimental data under the light of theoretical relation giving the band gap energy as a function of temperature. The absolute zero value of the band gap energy and Debye temperature were calculated from the same analysis. The Wemple-DiDomenico single-effective-oscillator model applied to refractive index dispersion data was used to determine the oscillator energy, dispersion energy, oscillator strength and zero-frequency refractive index values.
