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Book Part Citation - Scopus: 2Novel Covid-19 Recognition Framework Based on Conic Functions Classifier(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Karim,A.M.; Mishra,A.The new coronavirus has been declared as a global emergency. The first case was officially declared in Wuhan, China, during the end of 2019. Since then, the virus has spread to nearly every continent, and case numbers continue to rise. The scientists and engineers immediately responded to the virus and presented techniques, devices and treatment approaches to fight back and eliminate the virus. Machine learning is a popular scientific tool and is applied to several medical image recognition problems, involving tumour recognition, cancer detection, organ transplantation and COVID-19 diagnosis. It is proved that machine learning presents robust, fast and accurate results in various medical image recognition problems. Generally, machine learning-based frameworks consist of two stages: feature extraction and classification. In the feature extraction, overwhelmingly unsupervised learning techniques are applied to reduce the input data’s size. This step extracts appropriate features by reducing the computational time and increasing the performance of the classifiers. A classifier is the second step that aims to categorise the input. Within the proposed step, the unsupervised part relies on the feature extraction by using local binary patterns (LBP), followed by feature selection relying on factor analysis technique. The LBP is a kind of visual descriptor, mainly applied for image recognition problem. The aim of using LBP is to analyse the input COVID-19 image and extract salient features. Furthermore, factor analysis is a statistical technique applied to define variability among observed variables in less unnoticed variables named factors. The factor analysis applied to the LBP wavelet aims to select sensitive features from input data (LBP output) and reduce the size input. In the last stage, conic functions classifier is applied to classify two sets of data, categorising the extracted features by using LBP and factor analysis as positive or negative COVID-19 cases. The proposed solution aims to diagnose COVID-19 by using LBP and factor analysis, based on conic functions classifier. The conic functions classifier presents remarkable results compared with these popular classifiers and state-of-the-art studies presented in the literature. © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Article Citation - WoS: 4Citation - Scopus: 5Stability Analysis of an Epidemic Model With Vaccination and Time Delay(Wiley, 2023) Turan, Mehmet; Adiguzel, Rezan Sevinik; Koc, F.This paper presents an epidemic model with varying population, incorporating a new vaccination strategy and time delay. It investigates the impact of vaccination with respect to vaccine efficacy and the time required to see the effects, followed by determining how to control the spread of the disease according to the basic reproduction ratio of the disease. Some numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the theoretical results.Book Part Perspectives on Molecular Mimicry Between Human, Sars-Cov and Plasmodium Species Through a Probabilistic and Evolutionary Insight(Elsevier, 2024) Adiguzel,Y.; Shoenfeld,Y.This chapter examines potential molecular mimicry between similar peptide sequences and shared 6mers of five selected proteins and the proteomes of both SARS-CoV-2 and five Plasmodium species that infect humans (P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. vivax, P. knowlesi, and P. ovale). Human proteins are plasminogen receptor (KT), neutrophil collagenase (neutrophil collagenase isoform 2), myeloperoxidase precursor, mitochondrial peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase isoform a precursor, and myeloblastin precursor. The chapter eventually focuses on a probabilistic and evolutionary insight into molecular mimicry. © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 16Citation - Scopus: 17Subacute Thyroiditis Related To Sars-Cov Vaccine and Covid-19 (thyrovac Study): a Multicenter Nationwide Study(Endocrine Soc, 2023) Batman, Adnan; Yazici, Dilek; Dikbas, Oguz; Agbaht, Kemal; Saygili, Emre Sedar; Demirci, Ibrahim; Sahin, MustafaContext The aims of the study are to compare characteristics of subacute thyroiditis (SAT) related to different etiologies, and to identify predictors of recurrence of SAT and incident hypothyroidism. Methods This nationwide, multicenter, retrospective cohort study included 53 endocrinology centers in Turkey. The study participants were divided into either COVID-19-related SAT (Cov-SAT), SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-related SAT (Vac-SAT), or control SAT (Cont-SAT) groups. Results Of the 811 patients, 258 (31.8%) were included in the Vac-SAT group, 98 (12.1%) in the Cov-SAT group, and 455 (56.1%) in the Cont-SAT group. No difference was found between the groups with regard to laboratory and imaging findings. SAT etiology was not an independent predictor of recurrence or hypothyroidism. In the entire cohort, steroid therapy requirement and younger age were statistically significant predictors for SAT recurrence. C-reactive protein measured during SAT onset, female sex, absence of antithyroid peroxidase (TPO) positivity, and absence of steroid therapy were statistically significant predictors of incident (early) hypothyroidism, irrespective of SAT etiology. On the other hand, probable predictors of established hypothyroidism differed from that of incident hypothyroidism. Conclusion Since there is no difference in terms of follow-up parameters and outcomes, COVID-19- and SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-related SAT can be treated and followed up like classic SATs. Recurrence was determined by younger age and steroid therapy requirement. Steroid therapy independently predicts incident hypothyroidism that may sometimes be transient in overall SAT and is also associated with a lower risk of established hypothyroidism.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 3Prediction of Tourists' Intention Toward Domestic Vs International Destinations in Post-Covid Recovery: the Role of Covid-19, Future Anxiety and Solidarity(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2024) Kucukergin, Kemal Gurkan; Ozekici, Yakup Kemal; Sahin, Gonca GuzelPurposeThis paper aims to investigate, upon taking into consideration both symmetric and asymmetric effects, how the economic and psychological impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, solidarity and future anxiety affect travel intention and the willingness to support a destination (WSD). Furthermore, the study sheds light on whether these relationships vary between domestic and international destinations.Design/methodology/approachThe data are collected from 379 potential tourists. To detect and analyze the symmetrical and asymmetric effects, the covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) and the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) are employed, respectively.FindingsIt is observed that, whereas only the effects of solidarity on travel intention and WSD differ in the CB-SEM, the fsQCA results include different recipes for the two groups.Originality/valueThere has not been much research done yet on the influence of future anxiety on tourists' decisions. Furthermore, it has not been thoroughly investigated whether solidarity has a different function for destinations within and outside of the country. In this respect, the study of both symmetric and asymmetric effects represents an important contribution to the literature.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 3Online Learning Perceptions Amid Covid-19 Pandemic: the Engineering Undergraduates' Perspective(Tempus Publications, 2022) Eryilmaz, Meltem; Kalem, Guler; Kilic, Hurevren; Tirkes, Guzin; Topalli, Damla; Turhan, Cigdem; Yazici, Ali; Information Systems Engineering; Computer Engineering; Software EngineeringThe COVID-19 pandemic caused face-to-face education in just about all universities worldwide to shift to online education. For most students, this educational model was a compulsory first experience. In this study, the survey results are analyzed and discussed related to a group of students in the Engineering Faculty of a university in Turkey regarding their online education perceptions. Briefly summarized, the findings of the study indicate that: (a) most of the students still prefer face-to-face learning, which is also favored if accompanied by distance learning; (b) the concentration level of the students has dropped due to the concerns about the COVID-19 pandemic which affects their learning negatively; and (c) around half of the students participating in the study feel that the online exams conducted without a secure exam software, is considered unsafe. Additionally, the study's results were further extended to evaluate the questionnaire results and reported along with the suggestions of necessary actions in emergency online learning (EOL).Review Citation - WoS: 6Citation - Scopus: 6Shared Pathogenicity Features and Sequences Between Ebv, Sars-Cov and Hla Class I Molecule-Binding Motifs With a Potential Role in Autoimmunity(Humana Press inc, 2023) Adiguzel, Yekbun; Mahroum, Naim; Muller, Sylviane; Blank, Miri; Halpert, Gilad; Shoenfeld, YehudaEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are extraordinary in their ability to activate autoimmunity as well as to induce diverse autoimmune diseases. Here we reviewed the current knowledge on their relation. Further, we suggested that molecular mimicry could be a possible common mechanism of autoimmunity induction in the susceptible individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2. Molecular mimicry between SARS-CoV-2 and human proteins, and EBV and human proteins, are present. Besides, relation of the pathogenicity associated with both coronavirus diseases and EBV supports the notion. As a proof-of-the-concept, we investigated 8mer sequences with shared 5mers of SARS-CoV-2, EBV, and human proteins, which were predicted as epitopes binding to the same human leukocyte antigen (HLA) supertype representatives. We identified significant number of human peptide sequences with predicted-affinities to the HLA-A*02:01 allele. Rest of the peptide sequences had predicted-affinities to the HLA-A*02:01, HLA-B*40:01, HLA-B*27:05, HLA-A*01:01, and HLA-B*39:01 alleles. Carriers of these serotypes can be under a higher risk of autoimmune response induction upon getting infected, through molecular mimicry-based mechanisms common to SARS-CoV-2 and EBV infections. We additionally reviewed established associations of the identified proteins with the EBV-related pathogenicity and with the autoimmune diseases.Book Part Effects of Covid-19 and Recovery Process in the Turkish Tourism Industry(Springer Nature, 2023) Anasori,E.; Küçükergin,K.G.COVID-19 pandemic as the health crisis created an economic and social crisis in a great magnitude for the most countries. The current study analyses the emergent and growth of the coronavirus pandemic in Turkey and reviews the impact of this pandemic on the Turkish economy and society. This face-to-face interview based chapter finds that actions that are been taken by Turkish government during the crisis. Effects of this pandemic on the tourism sector is huge as Turkey is one of the leaders among international tourist destinations. So, consequences of this pandemic on the Turkish tourism sector and, managerial practices are explored in this study. Also, for attaining deeper insight of the impact of the pandemic, locals in the touristic city Antalya are interviewed. Strategies and practices that lead Turkey to handle the crisis successfully and maintain its resilience during this period were examined and highlighted. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
