Projeler

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14411/26

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Lineer Olmayan Üçlü Schrödinger Denklemi İçin Yapı Koruyan Sayısal Yöntemler
Mathematics; 02. School of Arts and Sciences; 01. Atılım University
A nonlinear implicit energy-conserving scheme and a linearly implicit mass-conserving scheme are constructed for the numerical solution of a three-coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Both methods are second order. The numerical experiments verify the theoretical results that while the nonlinear implicit scheme preserves the energy, the linearly implicit method preserves the mass of the system. In addition, the schemes are quite accurate in the preservation of the other conserved quantities of the system. Elastic collision, creation of new vector soliton, and fusion of soliton are observed in the solitary wave evolution. The numerical methods are proven to be highly efficient and stable in the simulation of the periodic and solitary waves of the equation in long terms. Dispersive analysis of the equation and the numerical methoda is investigated.
: Synthesis Of Electroactive Chemiluminescent Compounds And Polymers For Blood Detection İn Forensic/adli-tıpta Kan Teşhisi için Elektroaktif Kemilüminesans Bileşiklerin ve Polimerlerin Sentezi
Chemical Engineering; 06. School Of Engineering; 01. Atılım University
Project Summary Combination of pyridazine based and chemiluminescent units with electroactive compounds and conjugated polymers have been taken place recently. These compounds and conjugated polymers have been reported to be used instead of luminol in order to detect blood traces in forensic science. These studies resulted in the birth of a new series of compounds so-called “luminol-type compounds”. In this study, a new series of chemiluminescent and conjugated trimeric compounds bearing pyridazine ring (Scheme 1) and their polymers will be synthesized and characterized structurally. Then, their chemiluminescent properties and forensic applications (blood detection) will be scrutinized. Scheme 1. Chemical structure of the compounds bearing redox active terminals and chemiluminescent pyridazine units In order to achieve this aim, phthalic anhydride will be utilized to synthesize the target molecules in three steps. This will be advantageous when compared the synthesis of some luminol derivatives which require multiple steps. After the completion of the structural characterization of the compounds, the chemiluminescent reactions of the compounds in basic medium will be tested firstly in the presence of only hydrogen peroxide and then together with various metal cations as catalyst by using a photomultiplier tube. If iron ion is found to exhibit a catalytic role in the chemiluminescent process, the application of blood trace detection in forensic will be studied. First of all, hemin as a hemoglobin analogue will be used to get a standard curve and then the blood samples will be studied. Obtained data will be compared with luminol and its derivatives and also the effect of the substituents (electron donating units: furan, thiophene and selenophene) of the compounds on the chemiluminescent process will be investigated. Next step will be the electrochemical polymerization of the compounds. The structural analyses of the polymers will be studied by using voltammetric and spectroscopic methods (cyclic voltammetry, NMR, FTIR, UV-vis, SEM, GPC, etc.). Chemiluminescent properties and forensic applications of their polymers will also be studied. Furthermore, since the polymers can be obtained as films via electrochemical polymerization, the electrochemiluminescent properties of these polymers will also be investigated. In addition to the polymers’ structural characterization, their electrochemical and optical properties will be studied to search for their possible opto-electronic applications. When the project has reached to its aims, a new series of the chemiluminescent compounds will be synthesized after only a few steps by starting with a cheap compound called phthalic anhydride. Unfortunately, the interest of the present luminol type compounds in the literature is limited since they are synthesized in multiple steps. A new series of the compounds will be obtained for the family of luminol type compounds when the syntheses of the compounds are realized. Due to the systematic synthesis of the compounds (Group 6A: O (furan), S (thiophene), Se (selenophene) atoms used for the same template compound), the effect of the electron donating units will be investigated on the chemiluminescent property. In conclusion, new compounds that are alternative to the luminol used in forensic application will be brought into the literature.
Lisans Dersleri için Zaman Serisi ile Açılacak Şube Sayısı ve Kontenjanlarını Tahmin Eden Yapay Zekâ Sisteminin Geliştirilmesi
Computer Engineering; 06. School Of Engineering; 01. Atılım University
This project aims to address the problems experienced in traditional methods used in determining course quotas and number of sections in universities. This project, carried out with the support of Atılım University Undergraduate Research Projects, aims to optimize this process by using machine learning models. In the project, XGBoost and LightGBM were examined and their ability to make high-accurate predictions was tested.
Sıfıraltı Sıcaklık Muhafaza Koşullarının Su Verilmiş 2024 Alüminyum Alaşımının Yaşlanma Davranışına ve Şekillendirilebilirliğine Etkisinin Araştırılması
Industrial Engineering; 06. School Of Engineering; 01. Atılım University
The effect of storage conditions on the ageable 2024 Aluminum alloy, which was stored at different subzero temperatures (-12°C, -15°C, -18°C) after quenching, on the aging behavior and mechanical properties of the alloy at room temperature was investigated by performing hardness, tensile and formability tests. It was observed that the samples stored at -18°C hardened at a slower rate at room temperature compared to the samples stored at -15°C and -12°C. Using the data obtained, linear (Linear) and non-linear (Qudratic and Cubic) models were developed to predict the mechanical properties (hardness, yield and tensile strength) of the 2024 Aluminum alloy, depending on the subzero temperature storage conditions and the time spent at room temperature. It was concluded that the performance of Quadratic models obtained from the results of hardness tests was high, and Linear models could be used for future prediction. The results of the tensile tests showed that the Quadratic models have high performance and usability for future prediction. Finally, the relationship between yield strength and hardness values was examined. A 100% positive relationship was determined between hardness and yield strength values.
Promoting Stakeholder Adherence To Mediterranean Diet On Campus Through Menu İnterventions And Social Marketing Strategies / Menü Müdahaleleri ve Sosyal Pazarlama Stratejileri ile Kampüste Paydaşların Akdeniz Diyetine Uyumunu Geliştirmek
01. Atılım University
Food service comprises the production of meals consumed outside the home, including consumers from all age groups and in different sectors. This service sector has evolved through the years, providing an increasing number of meals, which have been drifting away from the Mediterranean Food Pattern. Food service is an important setting for public health interventions, educating consumers and modulating behaviours through the meals provided. Prior research on eating habits has mainly focused on a single stakeholder - typically consumers - and on a narrow set of outcome variables. Although these studies provide important clues about the determinants of adherence to food offer, research has yet to address this issue using an integrative approach of multiple stakeholders (e.g., the consumers, food providers, decisors) across a set of different variables. Also, intervention initiatives, usually act only on the environment without strategies that efficiently engage all the stakeholders involved. Social Marketing is one of the strategies, empirically verified, designed to promote change behavior, which contributions to health and well being of citizens are positively recognized by many. Establishing and managing long-term partnerships that include different groups of stakeholders - consumers, government, retailers and other players - are key elements in the application of mid and upstream social marketing to complex issues. This project, developed in Portugal, Turkey, and Croatia, aims to identify the compliance of food service menus with the Mediterranean Diet in public high education institutes canteens, pinpointing opportunities to intervene, namely: 1) promoting changes in the food offer addressing proximity to the Mediterranean Food Pattern, creating, and offering plant-based meals, with seasonable and local food products and 2) developing tailored social marketing strategies to engaging stakeholders to encourage healthier and sustainable food habits. It gathers a team comprised of nutrition experts on public health and food service, food technologists, gastronomy experts, psychologists, and marketers, with a vast experience and professional skills. To achieve the objectives researches will: 1) develop and index to evaluate compliance of menus with the Mediterranean Diet; 2) based on personal interviews, define priority stakeholders and define methodology for engagement; 3) evaluate perceptions, barriers and facilitators through self-administered surveys and in-depth interviews; 4) develop of a 1-month meal plan framework; 5) develop tools concerning the concept premises to empower the catering employees and consumers to understand the proposed menu methodology; 6) develop a new food concept/product “student bag” (meal on the go) and test it for industry scale up; 7) use previous diagnose to develop social/emotional marketing strategies directed to stakeholders and consumers to achieve food behaviour change and 8) measure the impacts of the implemented strategies through a feasibility test. The project's main ambition is to change the food service paradigm, by creating and implementing a new healthy and sustainable food service concept that truly complies with the Mediterranean diet, as well as solutions that comply with consumers new needs, and also developing and implementing strategies that engage all the stakeholders with this concept. We expect to create the reference in terms of food offer that will be demanded by consumers of the next generations and the standpoint to inspire the other food service sectors/ settings achieving an effective and sustainable food offer change and positively influence food service consumers’ food pattern towards Mediterranean recommendations, while addressing the Sustainable Development Goals (3 - good health and 12 - responsible consumption and production; 17 - partnerships for the goals).
Design, Synthesis and Technological Applications of New Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Polymeric Materials
Chemical Engineering; 06. School Of Engineering; 01. Atılım University
In this study, a new carborane based electron donor-acceptor-donor type electroactive monomer (1) was synthesized successfully. Monomer 1 has an irreversible oxidation peak at 0.90 V (vs Ag/AgCl) and by the help of repeting cyclic voltammetry between -0.90 V and 1.00 V it was polymerized via electrochemical method. Electrochemical polymerization was performed in 0.1 M tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate (TBAH) /acetonitrile and 0.1 M TBAH/DKM. Electrochemical and optical properties of the corresponding polymer (P1) were investigated. The presence of carborane unit in the polymer backbone preserve the polymer against the ambient conditions, high overoxidation potentials;therefore, the polymer become robust and preserve its properties (optical and electronic). For example, after 1000 cycles, P1 has 96% of its electroactivity. P1 having a narrow band gap like 1.64 eV also have different colors at various oxidation states: therefore, it proved that it is a promising material as an electrochromic material: light violet at neutral state and transmissive sky blue at oxidized state. This stuation was supported by the construction of an electrochromic device. Also, by the sake of comparison, the analog of monomer 1, monomer (59) and polymer (P59) were synthesized. As a result, it was proved that 1 and P1 materials are very precious materials
Dolgu Maddesi Eklenmesiyle İletken Polimer Kompozitlerinin Hazırlanması
01. Atılım University
Within the scope of the project, conductive polymer composites with uniform filler distribution were produced by mixing thermoplastic polymers and carbon-based conductive fillers in molten form. Electrical, mechanical, thermal and morphological characterization of the produced composites were carried out. In the project experiments, conductive polymer composites of different compositions were prepared by mixing high-density polyethylene (HDPE), Nylon 6, Polypropylene (PP), Poly(ethylene thermthalate) (PET) polymer matrices, carbon black and multi-walled carbon nanotube particles in a twin-screw extruder. Test specimens were prepared using pressure and injection molding devices. The electrical properties of the samples were determined using two- and four-point probe conductivity measurement methods. During the mechanical characterization processes, tensile and impact strength tests were applied to the composites. Thermal properties were examined using DSC (diffrential scanning calorimetry) device. Morphological features were examined by SEM (scanning electron microscope). The electrical conductivity of insulating thermoplastic polymers has been reduced to the semiconductor level. The lowest critical concentration value (0.25% carbon nanotube by weight) was obtained in the PET-carbon nanotube composite system. The mechanical properties of composites have changed with the addition of fillers. The best improvement in mechanical properties was observed in PP-based composites. In general, as the amount of filler in the composites increased, the percentage of crystallization decreased.
Quorum Sensing Inhibitör Özelliği Gösteren Yeni Moleküllerin Sentezi ve Çevreci Hidrojel Boya Sisteminde Kullanımı
Chemical Engineering; 06. School Of Engineering; 01. Atılım University
Bacteria present in the seawater quickly form a biofouling on the surfaces immersed in it. This process starts with the adhesion of organic nutrients such as protein and carbohydrates to the surface in the first seconds. Bacteria adhere to the nutrient film on the surface and form a protective biofilm of proteins and polysaccharides around them. The biological fouling process continues with the adhesion and development of diatoms (microalgae), macroalgae spores and macroorganism larvae such as of mussels. However, this sequential model is not valid in all cases. Biological fouling limits the maneuverability of water vehicles, increases fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, antifouling methods are important in terms of economy and environment issues. One of the methods to prevent microfouling on surfaces is to prevent communication between bacteria. Bacteria communicate with each other through "Quorum Sensing" (QS) molecules to permanently attach to surfaces. Gram-negative bacteria use acylated homoserine lactone (AHL) molecules for QS communication. Molecules resembling AHL have the potential to inhibit QS. Hydrogels with a three-dimensional polymer network are also considered promising coatings with high antifouling performances against marine organisms. The super hydrophilic property of hydrogel materials enables them to absorb large amounts of water into three-dimensional polymeric networks and form a hydrated layer on their surface, which can prevent the adhesion of micro or macroorganisms. For these reasons, in order to solve the problem of biological fouling within the scope of the proposed project, it is aimed to synthesize and characterize new QS analogs that will prevent bacteria from forming biofilms and settling on surfaces. As a result of the bacterial tests, the two compounds with the best antibiofilm properties will be used as biocides, and a water-based hydrogel paint formula with anti-QS properties will be developed. With the hydrogel technology, it is aimed to significantly reduce the friction force, fuel consumption and emissions together with the biofouling on the ship surface. The hydrogel paint designed within the scope of the project is water based, self-curing, can be easily applied to a ship surface by brushing or spraying and can be produced in powder form. Environmentalist methods were chosen in both synthesis stages. The use of organic solvents that cause volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to be released into the atmosphere is avoided.
Design and Synthesis of Novel Compounds Based on Donor-Acceptor Systems and the Applications of Their Conducting Polymers
Chemical Engineering; 06. School Of Engineering; 01. Atılım University
Conducting polymers continues to facinate many scientists and to become the subject of many researchs in technological and academic areas. The reason for the popularity of the conducting polymers is that they trigger the development of advanced technological materials. Bearing in mind that, desired properties (processability, stability, conductivity, optical properties and so on) of these materials depend on the design and the synthesis of starting monomers. The conducting polymers obtained from the marvellous monomers can be amenable to practical use: (bio)sensors, artificial muscles, displays, electrochromic, memory and photovoltaic devices, supercapacitors, solar cells, light emitting diodes, etc. In this study, the design, synthesis and chemical and/or electrochemical polymerization of monomers (1-6) which are necessary for the generation of processable, low band gap, environmetally stable, reversible electronic and optical properties during n- and p-type dopings, fast switching of the electronic states and different hues of various colors and novel conducting polymers based on donor-acceptor-donor system. Selenium and/or oxygen atoms will be used instead of sulfur atom in benzothiodiazole unit known as acceptor unit in literature. When compared to sulfur, selenium is less electronegative and has larger size, which will obviously affect the electronic and optical properties of obtained conducting polymers. The polymers can be used as RGB (red, green, blue) displays due to green color in its neutral state and transparency in its oxidized state, as supercapacitors due to large and fast doping/dedoping capability, as solar cells due to absorption bands in the region of UV-vis, as photovoltaic devices and radar system due to the high absorption/transmittance values and the emission bands beyond NIR region, as antistatic coatings due to high transparency in the oxidized state, and as n-/p-type transistors due to their reversible and stable n- and p-type dopings. Also, some pre-works on the monomers studied in this project showed that one of the conducting polymers has green color and the modification on the monomer structure of this polymer can open a new door for the discovery of cyan color in the CMY (cyan, magenta, yellow) color system. In this project, initially the monomers (1-6) mentioned above, which is the basic unit for the polymers to be useful in the desired applications, wil be designed, synthesized and characterized. After the characterization of the monomers (by NMR, elemental analysis, FTIR, mass, UV-vis, X-Ray and voltammetric techniques), they will be polymerized into suitable medium via chemical and/or electrochemical polymerization methods. Then, the electronic and optical properties of the obtained conducting polymers will be characterized to be amenable for use in RGB displays, solar cells, supercapacitors, photovoltaic devices, transistors and so on).
Preparation Of Novel Nanostructures With High Light To Heat Conversion And Investigation Of Their Fhotothermal Efficiencies And Toxicities/yakın Kızılötesi Bölgede Yüksek Işık-ısı Çevrimine Sahip Özgün Nanoyapıların Hazırlanması, Fototermal Etkinliklerinin ve Toksisitelerinin Araştırılması
Chemical Engineering; 06. School Of Engineering; 01. Atılım University
Cancer is known as one of the main causes of death and according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Organization accounted for 8.2 million deaths worldwide in 2012 with an increasing incidence rate. For this reason, progressing efficient therapeutic strategies with low toxicities to eradicate tumours specificly, is considered as the main object in the cancer treatments. Poor specificity toward malignant tissues, systemic side effects, low efficacy and drug resistance are the well-known disadvantages of widely applied radiation and chemotherapies. Thus, to improve the cancer therapy, it is expected that the therapeutic methods should eliminate only diseased cells/tissues without causing collateral damage selectively. The development of new protocols for biomedical application are encouraged by advanced nanotechnologies and production of novel nanomaterials. When it is compared the conventional tratment like surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy with nanoparticle approach, nanoparticle treatments are minimally invasive and should result in minimal side effects. Accordingly, novel and effective therapeutics with unique light-to-heat conversion property of nanoscale materials can be utilized for cancer treatment. Among them, near-infrared (NIR) region photothermal therapy (PTT) has become more popular and developed quickly due to minimally invasive treatments for patients. Generally, photothermal therapy depends on the photosensitizers taken up by cancer cells to transfer light to heat, leading to photoablation of the cells and subsequent cell death. Therefore, photosensitizing agents are a key factor in photothermal therapy. In PTT, due to its easy operation, ability to be locally focused on a specific region and minimal absorbance by skin and tissues to allow for noninvasive penetration of reasonably deep tissues, near-infrared (NIR) light (700–1000 nm) is preferred. Recently, due to their high photothermal conversion efficiency and the ease of synthesis and modification, inorganic based fotothermal therapy agents (PTA) have received great interest. Among them, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are considered as a special photosensitizer due to their strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). Different types of Au nanoparticle based photosensitizers in photothermal therapy, like nanorods, nanocages, and nano-core–shells, nanostars have been reported. Unfortunately, the problem related to the potential toxicity induced by photothermal agents (especially for carbon nanotubes or graphene, CTAB coated Au rods, copper sulfide crystals and iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs), is still an unresolved debate, which will inevitably limit future clinic applications of PTT. Therefore, it is significant to explore an effective fototermal therapy agent in order to decrease the extra-high-dose nanoparticles used in photothermal ablation of cancer with NIR irradiation which can generate potential toxicity to the body. In addition, with the presence of effective agents in the near infrared region, deeper cases may be treated with photothermal therapy. In this project proposal, it is aimed to develop novel photothermal therapy agents, which can reduce toxic effect, using in very small quantities, by increasing the light to heat conversion efficiency and be able to provide treatment even in deeper case due to the effective light to heat conversion in the near infrared region (NIR) because of the different and improved plasmon resonance properties than the photothermal agents in the literature.For this it is planned to prepare 6 different phototermal agent and detection of the efficiencies of them in photothermal therapy. The first two of these structures will be formed by adding gold (AuNPs) and gold-silver bimetallic nanoparticles (AuAgNPs) of 1-3 nm in size onto the hollow gold nanoparticles (Hollow AuNPs) with a 60-100 nm size and 5-10 nm shell thickness (AuNPs/HollowAuNPs(1. agent), AuAgNPs/HollowAuNPs (2. agent)). The third and fourth agents will be prepared by adding gold nanoparticles and gold-silver bimetallic nanoparticles of 1-3 nm in size on magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with a thin silica shell (AuNPs/Fe3O4-SiO2 (3. agent) ve AuAgNPs/Fe3O4-SiO2 (4. agent)). The proposed last two agents will be formed with the addition of gold nanoparticles and gold-silver bimetallic nanoparticles onto the resulting structure formed by the addition of gold shells over the thin silica layer coated iron oxide nanoparticles (AuNPs/AuShell/Fe3O4-SiO2 (5. agent), ve AuAgNPs/AuShell/Fe3O4-SiO2 (6. agent)). Characterization of the photothermal therapy agents will be done by using HR-TEM, XPS, VSM, ICP-OES, XRD, UV-Vis, Raman. The photothermal effects of the prepared structures will then be measured by using an 808 nm wavelength laser irradiation in solution and then their activity in the cancer cell line (in vitro) will be investigated. Finally, toxicity studies of photothermal agents will be carried out.
Synthesis of Electroactive Chemiluminescent Compounds and Polymers for Blood Detection in Forensic
Chemical Engineering; 06. School Of Engineering; 01. Atılım University
Combination of pyridazine based and chemiluminescent units with electroactive compounds and conjugated polymers have been taken place recently. These compounds and conjugated polymers have been reported to be used instead of luminol in order to detect blood traces in forensic science. These studies resulted in the birth of a new series of compounds so-called “luminol-type compounds”. In this study, a new series of chemiluminescent and conjugated trimeric compounds bearing pyridazine ring (Scheme 1) and their polymers will be synthesized and characterized structurally. Then, their chemiluminescent properties and forensic applications (blood detection) will be scrutinized. Scheme 1. Chemical structure of the compounds bearing redox active terminals and chemiluminescent pyridazine units In order to achieve this aim, phthalic anhydride will be utilized to synthesize the target molecules in three steps. This will be advantageous when compared the synthesis of some luminol derivatives which require multiple steps. After the completion of the structural characterization of the compounds, the chemiluminescent reactions of the compounds in basic medium will be tested firstly in the presence of only hydrogen peroxide and then together with various metal cations as catalyst by using a photomultiplier tube. If iron ion is found to exhibit a catalytic role in the chemiluminescent process, the application of blood trace detection in forensic will be studied. First of all, hemin as a hemoglobin analogue will be used to get a standard curve and then the blood samples will be studied. Obtained data will be compared with luminol and its derivatives and also the effect of the substituents (electron donating units: furan, thiophene and selenophene) of the compounds on the chemiluminescent process will be investigated. Next step will be the electrochemical polymerization of the compounds. The structural analyses of the polymers will be studied by using voltammetric and spectroscopic methods (cyclic voltammetry, NMR, FTIR, UV-vis, SEM, GPC, etc.). Chemiluminescent properties and forensic applications of their polymers will also be studied. Furthermore, since the polymers can be obtained as films via electrochemical polymerization, the electrochemiluminescent properties of these polymers will also be investigated. In addition to the polymers’ structural characterization, their electrochemical and optical properties will be studied to search for their possible opto-electronic applications. When the project has reached to its aims, a new series of the chemiluminescent compounds will be synthesized after only a few steps by starting with a cheap compound called phthalic anhydride. Unfortunately, the interest of the present luminol type compounds in the literature is limited since they are synthesized in multiple steps. A new series of the compounds will be obtained for the family of luminol type compounds when the syntheses of the compounds are realized. Due to the systematic synthesis of the compounds (Group 6A: O (furan), S (thiophene), Se (selenophene) atoms used for the same template compound), the effect of the electron donating units will be investigated on the chemiluminescent property. In conclusion, new compounds that are alternative to the luminol used in forensic application will be brought into the literature.
Paralel Hibrit Elektrikli Aracın Güç Aktarma Organların Simülasyonu, Tasarımı ve Deney Düzeneği Kurulumu
Automotive Engineering; 06. School Of Engineering; 01. Atılım University
A parallel or mechanically coupled hybrid drivetrain has features that allow both the engine and the traction motor to apply their mechanical power in parallel directly to the drive wheels. The major advantages of a torque-coupling parallel configuration over a series configuration are (1) the non-necessity of a generator, (2) a smaller traction motor, and (3) only part of the engine power going through multi-power conversion. Hence, the overall efficiency can be higher than in the series hybrid. This project is studying the parallel configuration of a hybrid driveline both numerically and experimentally. The mathematical model of driveline was developed in Matlab/Simulink software. Power shifting between Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) and Electric Motor (EM) was carried out by using the appropriate control strategy during the different driving conditions (acceleration, deceleration, and braking). An experimental setup of driveline was established in the ICE laboratory of the Automotive Engineering Department of Atılım University. All experiments were done in controlled conditions. The states of the system (ICE speed, EM speed and torque, Dynamometer load, Battery package voltage, SOC) are measurable to apply a suitable power shifting control method. The Driveline model were tuned by using experimental data.
Otomotiv Mühendisliği Bölümünün Yarış Aracının (ATEV2022) Süspansiyon Sisteminin Optimazasyon Çalışması
Automotive Engineering; 06. School Of Engineering; 01. Atılım University
This project is suggesting an optimum design for suspension system of ATEV2020 vehicle (Automotive Engineering Department racing car). Different models of suspension were investigated and compared according to their functionality in the target vehicle. Some parameters like minimum manufacturing error, feasibility in mounting the parts, driver comfort, vehicle stabilitiy and degree of ease in setting steering angles were considered in selection period. The selected mechanism’s CAD model were assembled on the vehicle and its dynamic effects were investigated by composing a model in Matlab software. Matlab/SimMechanics toolbox was used for this kind of simulation. In order to understand the concept of mechanism, 2D model equations are extracted from the literature. Then the model is expanded for 3D application. As the 3D models for suspension system are not available in the literature, it is thought that this kind of study will contribute significantly to the design of suspension system on vehicle prototypes.
Alan Özelinde Sosyalleştirme Yaklaşımı Çerçevesinde Etkili Ebeveynlik: Annenin Duygusal Erişilebilirliği ile Gelişimsel Çocuk Çıktıları Arasındaki İlişki
01. Atılım University
This study aims to examine effective parenting within the framework of the domains-of_x0002_socialization approach. Three separate studies were carried out. In the first study, Domain_x0002_Specific Parenting Interview (DSPI) was developed to measure parenting quality in different socialization domains and its psychometric properties were examined. The deductive content analysis of the DSPI was carried out in the second study. In the third study, the replicability of the first study was tested, the interactions between different socialization domains were examined qualitatively, and the relations of mothers' knowledge on effective parenting and the quality of their parenting behaviors with developmental child outcomes were examined. The participants of the first study consisted of 82 mothers with children between 35-76 months. The participants of the second study consisted of 50 mothers, which were randomly selected from the data set of the first study. The participants of the third study consisted of 141 mothers and fathers, who have children aged between 47-72 months. The findings of the first study provided evidence that DSPI is a valid and reliable measurement tool. The qualitative findings of the second study showed that the domains-of-socialization approach and the daily life interactions of mother-child dyads were mostly consistent. The third study showed that the quality of parenting behaviors in different socialization domains were related to various child outcomes through emotion regulation and inhibitory control.
Çinko Borat Üretim Teknolojisinin Geliştirilmesi ve Alev Geciktirici Olarak Kullanım Alanlarının Araştırılması
01. Atılım University
Within the scope of the project, 3.5 moles of crystalline aqueous zinc borate synthesis was made in a batch and continuous system, and the zinc borate produced was used in the production of polymer composites. Pilot production of zinc borate, which was synthesized within the scope of the project and whose optimum production parameters were determined, was carried out and the optimum values of the pilot production processes were determined. Zinc borate, whose pilot production has been successfully completed, is used as a fire retardant in wood and plastics. The industrialization of the pilot product was completed by transferring the production right to the private sector.
(tr)ultrasonik Titreşim Destekli Frezelemenin Işlenmesi Zor Süper Alaşım Havacılık Malzemelerinde Nanoakışkan Minimum Miktar Yağlama Yöntemi ile Birlikte Incelenmesi/(eng)ınvestigation On The Effects Of Multi-axis Ultrasonic Vibration-assisted Milling With Nanofluid Minimum Quantity Lubrication On Difficult-to-cut Materials Used İn Aerospace Industries
Mechanical Engineering; 06. School Of Engineering; 01. Atılım University
Due to the desired material properties in the aerospace sector, Ti-6Al-4V and Inconel 718 superalloys are commonly utilized. However, due to properties such as low thermal conductivity, high chemical interaction tendency, and resistance to wear, these materials pose significant challenges in machining processes, often characterized as "difficult-to-cut" materials. This project aims to experimentally investigate the combined use of Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Machining (UVAM) and Nanofluid Minimum Quantity Lubrication (NMQL) techniques to improve the machining performance of Ti-6Al-4V and Inconel 718 superalloys, which are difficult-to-cut materials commonly employed in the aerospace sector. Within this scope, various cooling methods including conventional machining with UVAM, dry cutting with NMMY, conventional cutting fluid, and pure-MQL are comparatively studied, and the obtained results are analyzed. Three different nanofluids, namely Al2O3, CuO, and Al2O3-CuO (hybrid), are prepared and utilized in experiments when employing the NMMY technique. Machining performance criteria are determined as cutting forces, surface roughness, surface topography, surface texture, geometric accuracy, tool wear, and subsurface plastic deformation measurements. According to the results obtained, it is found that when UVAM and NMMY techniques are used together, the combination yields the highest efficiency in machining performance compared to other methods for both Ti-6Al-4V and Inconel 718 materials. Furthermore, among the NMMY conditions, the hybrid (Al2O3-CuO) usage provides the best results, followed generally by CuO and then Al2O3 added nanofluids. Based on the information and data obtained in this project, it is clearly evident that the yet underutilized UVAM and NMMY techniques, both separately and together, can be applied more efficiently in milling Ti-6Al-4V and Inconel 718 materials compared to traditional methods. This is anticipated to contribute to the aerospace manufacturing sector.
Kişiselleştirilmiş ve Modüler Sosyal Robot Tasarımı İçin Yazılım Platformu Geliştirilmesi ve Uygulanması
Mechatronics Engineering; 15. Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences; 06. School Of Engineering; 01. Atılım University
In this project, it is aimed to develop an interactive and conceptual design platform that can be used to develop personalized and modular social robots with the participatory design method and to apply it to physical robot models that serve as technology demonstrations.
Synthesis, Characterization And Applications Of Various Aromatic Polythioureas Via Multicomponent Polymerization/çok Bileşenli Polimerizasyon Yöntemi ile Farklı Aromatik Politiyoürelerin Sentezi, Karakterizasyonu ve Uygulamaları
Chemical Engineering; 06. School Of Engineering; 01. Atılım University
In recent years, multicomponent polymerization (MCP) method has attracted the attention of researchers due to its simple operation, high atom economy, high polymerization efficiency and high molecular weight of polymers without using catalyst under moderate conditions. In the MCP method used in the synthesis of different polythioamides and polythioureas, one of the reactants is aliphatic amines and aromatic amines are not used directly. Due to this reason, in polythioamide syntheses, it is seen that aromatic diamines do not react with alkynes in the presence of elemental sulfur and therefore they are converted firstly to aromatic diisocyanides and this increases the cost of synthesis. There is no study on the use of aromatic diamines directly in the synthesis of polythioureas. In the light of this information, it is aimed to use the MCP method which is thought to be an economic and effective method for the use of elemental sulfur and aromatic diamine directly to obtain well defined, functional and workable polymeric structures without using catalyst in the project. In the MCP method, diisocyanides which are more reactive than the dialkyne reactant used previously will be used. The reactivity of diisocyanides to aromatic amines was supported by literature data and preliminary studies performed by our group. In addition, elemental sulfur, one of the most abundant elements in the world, is a non-toxic and stable solid under normal conditions and is an inexpensive substance that is readily available even at high purity grades. The use of aromatic diamines directly with elemental sulfur is very interesting in terms of practical, cost-effective and synthetic compatibility. With the use of aromatic diamines in the MCP method, the gateway for the synthesis of different polythioureas will be further expanded. For this purpose, the synthesis of 10 different polythioureas shown below will be carried out and characterization of the obtained products (NMR, FTIR, GPC, SEM, UV-Vis, DSC, TGA) will be performed. The data obtained will be examined comparatively with the methods used before for the synthesis of polythioureas. Due to today's polluted environment and limited energy reserves, it becomes important to develop highly efficient renewable technologies, green energy sources and environmentally friendly methods for environmental remediation and energy production. In this direction, hydrogen production becomes so important in the field of energy. In addition, the removal of heavy metals found in nature and organic matter in waste water is of great importance in environmental remediation. From this point of view, the preparation of nanocatalysts that will allow hydrogen production and removal of organic substances and materials that provide heavy metal removal attracts the attention of scientists. Thanks to the thiourea functional groups in the structure of different polythioureas to be synthesized by the MCP method, it can be used in mercury treatment (due to the ability of the thiourea groups and mercury ions to be complex) as well as to be used as support materials for the production of silver, palladium and copper nanoparticles. In this respect, firstly mercury removal capacity of the prepared polymers will be investigated. Then, the polymer-metal nanoparticle hybrid materials (4 different structures, polymer/AuNPs, polymer/AgNPs, polymer/CuNPs and polymer/PdNPs)) will be obtained by adding gold, silver, copper and palladium nanoparticles (separately) onto the polymer having the highest metal ion-holding capacity. The stability, catalytic activity and the effect of the interaction on the catalytic activity of the polymer/metal nanoparticle hybrid materials will be investigated in hydrogeneration from amine borane and photocatalytical removal of dye molecules founded in waste waters, respectively.
Donör-akseptör Düzeninde Yeni Bir Bileşik Grubununtasarımı, Sentezi ve İletken Polimerlerinin Uygulama Alanları
Chemical Engineering; 06. School Of Engineering; 01. Atılım University
Donor-acceptor-based electrochromic polymers, unknown in the literature, were synthesized and the optical and electrochemical properties of these materials were examined. In this study, in which both the donor effect and the acceptor effect were examined, soluble and processable materials with colors such as green, blue, cyan and black, although very few in number in the literature, were synthesized which are indispensable for their application areas. Necessary characterization studies have been carried out for the anticipated technological applications.
Design, Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Novel Processable Luminescent and Redox Active Compounds
01. Atılım University
Luminescence is the emission of electromagnetic radiation (in ultraviolet (UV), visible (Vis) or infrared (IR) regions) with no or little heat, which is produced by the transition of an electronically excited state intermediate generated by the application of an external stimuli to a lower (ground) state in order to release the excess energy. If the electronically excited state returns to the ground state from the lowest singlet excited state, it is called fluorescence or if it returns from the triplet excited state, it is called phosphorescence. The light emitted may be in UV and Vis regions as well as in IR region. Luminescent compounds have recently attracted considerable attention due to their practical applications in bio- and nanotechnological as well as materials sciences as chemosensors, electron and/or energy transfer systems, imaging agents, molecular machines and devices, molecular logic gates and so on. For that reason, the design, synthesis and characterization of novel luminescent compounds are highly concerned by first the synthetic organic chemists and as well as other communities all around the world. Herein, luminescent and redox active novel compounds (1-3) were designed, synthesized and characterized spectroscopically (UV-Vis, luminescence-fluorescence, FTIR, NMR, mass spectroscopy, combustion analysis, cyclic voltammetry). Furthermore, some applications of these novel compounds in analytical and/or material science (e.g. in forensic science, chemosensors) were investigated. In the last step of the work, these novel compounds were polymerized to give the corresponding polymeric materials, which were also characterized by spectroscopic methods.

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