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Article Citation - WoS: 28Citation - Scopus: 27Photoelectronic and Electrical Properties of Cuin5s8< Single Crystals(Wiley-v C H verlag Gmbh, 2003) Qasrawi, AF; Gasanly, NMTo identify the impurity levels in CuIn5S8 single crystals, the dark electrical conductivity and photoconductivity measurements were carried out in the temperature range of 50-460 K. The data reflect the intrinsic and extrinsic nature of the crystals above and below 300 K, respectively. Energy band gaps of 1.35 and 1.31 eV at 0 K and 300 K, were defined from the dark conductivity measurements and the photocurrent spectra, respectively. The dark and photoconductivity data in the extrinsic temperature region reflect the existence of two independent donor energy levels located at 130 and 16 meV. The photocurrent-illumination intensity dependence (F) follows the law I(ph)alphaF(gamma), with gamma being 1.0, 0.5 and 1.0 at low, moderate and high intensities indicating the domination of monomolecular, bimolecular and strong recombination at the surface, respectively. In the intrinsic region and in the temperature region where the shallow donor energy level 16 meV is dominant, the free electron life time, tau(n), is found to be constant with increasing F. In the temperature region 140 K < T < 210 K, the free electron life time increases with increasing illumination intensity showing the supralinear character. Below 140 K, tau(n) decrease with decreasing illumination intensity. (C) 2003 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Article Citation - WoS: 14Citation - Scopus: 13Enhancement of Electrical Performance of Znse Thin Films Via Au Nanosandwiching(Sciendo, 2020) Qasrawi, A. F.; Taleb, Maram F.In this work, we report the effect of sandwiching of Au nanosheets on the structural and electrical properties of ZnSe thin films. The ZnSe films which are grown by the thermal evaporation technique onto glass and yttrium thin film substrates exhibit lattice deformation accompanied with lattice constant extension, grain size reduction and increased defect density upon Au nanosandwiching. The temperature dependent direct current conductivity analysis has shown that the 70 nm thick Au layers successfully increased the electrical conductivity by three orders of magnitude without causing degeneracy. On the other hand, the alternating current conductivity studies in the frequency domain of 10 MHz to 1800 MHz have shown that the alternating current conduction in ZnSe is dominated by both of quantum mechanical tunneling and correlated barrier hopping of electrons over the energy barriers formed at the grain boundaries. The Au nanosheets are observed to increase the density of localized states near Fermi level and reduce the average hopping energy by similar to 5 times. The conductivity, capacitance, impedance and reflection coefficient spectral analyses have shown that the nanosandwiching of Au between two layers of ZnSe makes the zinc selenide more appropriate for electronic applications and for applications which need microwave cavities.Article Citation - Scopus: 1Samarium and Yttrium Doping Induced Phase Transitions and Their Effects on the Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of Nd2sn2< Ceramics(Iop Publishing Ltd, 2019) Saleh, Adli A.; Qasrawi, A. F.; Hamamera, Hanan Z.; Khanfar, Hazem K.; Yumusak, G.In this work, the effects of Sm+3 and Y+3 doping onto the structural, optical and electrical properties of Nd2Sn2O7 are investigated. An atomic content of 3.49% and 4.29% of Sm and Y, respectively, were sufficient to alter the physical properties of the Nd2Sn2O7. Particularly, the Y+3 ionic substitution decreased the lattice constant, narrows the energy band gap, changed the conductivity type from n- to p- type and increased the electrical conductivity by 73 times without changing the cubic nature of structure of the pyrochlore ceramics. On the other hand, Sm+3 ionic substitutions changed the cubic structure to hexagonal or trigonal and forced optical transitions in the infrared range of light. The energy band gap shrunk from 3.40 to 1.40 eV, the defect density is reduced and the electrical conductivity increased by 47 times via Sm doping. These doping agents' makes the neodymium stannate pyrochlore ceramics more appropriates for optoelectronic applications.Article Citation - WoS: 11Citation - Scopus: 14Electrochemical Synthesis of New Conducting Copolymers Containing Pseudo-Polyether Cages With Pyrrole(Elsevier Science Sa, 2007) Cihaner, AtillaConducting copolymers have been synthesized via electrochemical oxidation of pyrrole (Py) in the presence of monomer 1, 11 -bis(1,1-pyrrole)-3,6,9-trioxaundecane (I) in an electrolytic solution containing 0.1 M tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate (TBAPF(6)) dissolved in acetonitrile. It is observed that reversible redox behavior of poly(I-co-Py)s shifts to more positive potentials with the increasing amount of I in the comonomer mixture, indicating formation of a copolymer. It is also found that increasing the ratio of I in the comonomer mixture decreases the conductivity of the obtained polymer films. The dark electrical conductivity measurements in the temperature range of 300-100 K revealed the extrinsic type of conduction with activation energy values being in the range of 82.3-16.9 meV. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 4Citation - Scopus: 4Electrical, Optical and Photoconductive Properties of Poly(dibenzo-18(Wiley-v C H verlag Gmbh, 2004) Qasrawi, AF; Cihaner, A; Önal, AMTo investigate the energy levels, absorption bands, band gap, dominant transport mechanisms, recombination mechanisms and the free carrier life time behavior of poly-dibenzo-18-crown-6, poly-DB18C6, films, the dark electrical conductivity in the temperature range of 200-550 K, the absorbance and photocurrent spectra, the photocurrent -illumination intensity and time dependence at 300 K were studied. The dark electrical conductivity measurements revealed the existence of three energy levels located at 0.93, 0.32 and 0.76 eV below the tails of the conduction band. The main transport mechanism in the dark was found to be due to the thermal excitation of charge carriers and the variable range hopping above and below 260 K, respectively. The photocurrent and absorbance spectra reflect a band gap of 3.9 eV. The photocurrent -illumination intensity dependence reflects the sublinear, linear and supralinear characters indicating the decrease, remaining constant and increase in the free electron life time that in turn show the bimolecular, strong and very strong recombination characters at the surface under the application of low, moderate and high illumination intensity, respectively. A response time of 25.6 s was calculated from the decay Of I-ph-time dependence. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Article Citation - WoS: 26Citation - Scopus: 26Fabrication and Some Physical Properties of Agin5s8< Thin Films(Elsevier Science Sa, 2004) Qasrawi, AF; Kayed, TS; Ercan, IAgIn5S8 thin films are deposited on glass substrates, kept at 300 K, by thermal evaporation of AgIn5S8 single crystals under the pressure of 10-5 Torr. The X-ray fluorescence analysis revealed that the films have a weight percentage of similar to11.5% Ag, 61.17% In, and 27.33% S which corresponds to 1:5:8 stoichiometric composition. X-ray analysis of the films reveals the polycrystalline nature of the films. The lattice parameter (a) of the films was calculated to be 10.784(5) Angstrom. The dark n-type electrical conductivity of the films was measured in the temperature range of 30-350 K. The conductivity data analysis shows that the thermionic emission of the charge carriers having activation energies of 147 and 224 meV in the temperature ranges of 130-230 and 240-350 K, respectively, are the dominant transport mechanism in the films. The variable range hopping transport mechanism is dominant below 130 K. The room temperature photocurrent-photon energy dependency predicts a band gap of 1.91 eV of the films. The illumination intensity-photocurrent dependency measured in the intensity range of 13-235 W cm(-2) reveals monomolecular recombination (linear) in the films and bimolecular recombination (sublinear) at the film surface corresponding to low and high applied illumination intensities, respectively. The time-dependant photocurrent measured at fixed illumination intensity reveals a response time of 0.85, 2.66 and 10.0 s in the time periods of 0-0.5, 0.5-1.0, and 1.0-10.0 s, respectively. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 3Enhancement of the Performance of the Cu2se Band Filters Via Yb Nanosandwiching(Wiley, 2019) Khusayfan, Najla M.; Qasrawı, Atef Fayez Hasan; Qasrawi, A. F.; Khanfar, Hazem K.; Qasrawı, Atef Fayez Hasan; Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering; Department of Electrical & Electronics EngineeringIn this article, we report the experimental and theoretical modeling on the band pass filters that are made of two thin film layers of Cu2Se coated onto aluminum substrates and nanosandwiched with 50 nm ytterbium layers. The nanosandwiching of Yb between two layers of Cu2Se is found to decrease the lattice constant, the defect density, and the strain and increase the grain size in the Cu2Se. Electrically, it is observed that, Al/Cu2Se/Al structure exhibits wave trap characteristics with notch frequency of 1.31 GHz. The Yb-layers improved the performance of the band pass filters by increasing the amplitude of the reflection coefficients, increasing the return loss values and decreasing the voltage standing wave ratios. The calculated conduction and wave trapping parameters nominate the Yb-nanosandwiched Cu2Se films for use in communication technology as they exhibit negative capacitance effect and narrow band pass range.Article Citation - WoS: 11Cd-Doping Effects on the Properties of Polycrystalline Α-in2se3< Thin Films(Wiley-v C H verlag Gmbh, 2002) Qasrawi, AFThe X-ray diffraction has revealed that the polycrystalline hexagonal structured alpha-In2Se3 thin films grown at substrate temperature of 200degreesC with the unit cell parameters a=4.03degreesA and c=19.23degreesA becomes polycrystalline hexagonal structured InSe with a unit cell parameters of a=4.00degreesA and c=16.63degreesA by Cd-doping. The analysis of the conductivity temperature dependence in the range 300-40 K revealed that the thermionic emission of charged carriers and the variable range hopping are the predominant conduction mechanism above and below 100 K, respectively. Hall measurements revealed that the mobility is limited by the scattering of charged carriers through the grain boundaries above 200 K and 120 K for the undoped and Cd-doped samples, respectively. The photocurrent (I-ph) increases with increasing illumination intensity (T) and decreasing temperature up to a maximum temperature of similar to100 K, below which I-ph is temperature invariant. It is found to have the monomolecular and bimolccular recombination characters at low and high illumination intensities, respectively. The Cd-doping increases the density of trapping states that changes the position of the dark Fermi level leading to the deviation from linearity in the dependence of I-ph on F at low illumination intensities.Article Citation - WoS: 21Citation - Scopus: 22Investigation of Carrier Scattering Mechanisms in Tiins2 Single Crystals by Hall Effect Measurements(Wiley-v C H verlag Gmbh, 2004) Qasrawi, AF; Gasanly, NMTlInS2 single crystals are studied through the conductivity and Hall effect measurements in the temperature regions of 100-400 and 170-400 K, respectively. An anomalous behavior of Hall voltage, which changes sign below 315 K, is interpreted through the existence of deep donor impurity levels that behave as acceptor levels when are empty. The hole and electron mobility are limited by the hole- and electron-phonon short range interactions scattering above and below 315 K, respectively. An energy level of 35 meV and a set of donor energy levels located at 360, 280, 220 and 170/152 meV are determined from the temperature dependencies of the carrier concentration and conductivity. A hole, electron, hole-electron pair effective masses of 0.24 in,, 0.14 m(o) and 0.09 m(o) and hole- and electron-phonon coupling constants of 0.50 and 0.64, respectively, are obtained from the Hall effect measurements. The theoretical fit of the Hall coefficient reveals a hole to electron mobility ratio of 0.8. (C) 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag Gmbh & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Article Citation - WoS: 8Citation - Scopus: 8Effects of Photoexcitation on the Current Transport Mechanism in Amorphous Indium Selenide Thin Films(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2010) Qasrawi, A. F.The effect of photoexcitation on the current transport mechanism in amorphous indium selenide thin films was studied by means of dark and illuminated conductivity measurements as a function of temperature. Analysis of the dark electrical conductivity in the temperature range 110-320 K reveals behaviour characteristic of carriers excited to the conduction band and thermally assisted variable-range hopping (VRH) at the Fermi level above 280 K and below 220 K, respectively. In the temperature range 220-280 K, a mixed conduction mechanism was observed. A conductivity activation energy of 300 meV (above 280 K), a density of localised states (evaluated assuming a localisation length of 5 angstrom) of 1.08 x 1021 cm-3 eV-1, an average hopping distance of 20.03 angstrom (at 120 K) and an average hopping energy of 27.64 meV have been determined from the dark electrical measurements. When the sample was exposed to illumination at a specific excitation flux and energy, the values of the conductivity activation energy, the average hopping energy and the average hopping range were significantly decreased. On the other hand, the density of localised states near the Fermi level increased when the light flux was increased. Such behaviour was attributed to a reversible Fermi level shift on photoexcitation.
