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Article Citation - WoS: 6Citation - Scopus: 7Predictive Effect of Gender and Sector Differences on Internet Usage Among Employees(Kaunas Univ Technol, 2010) Akman, Ibrahim; Mishra, Alok; Software Engineering; Computer EngineeringInternet has become the foundation for the world's new information infrastructure. This impact could be attributed to the Internet's universal access to information as well as its applications in all walks of life. Various services of the Internet and tools (chat rooms, e-mails, etc.) provide users with a wide range of benefits. In their study, Colley and Maltby (2008) indicated that one important research area over the last decade has been the impact of the Internet upon different social groups in the society. The differences in various aspects of Internet usage across demographic groups have also become an interesting research area (Yang and Tung, 2007; Jaeger, 2003) because demographic attributes were found to influence individuals' actions before they engage in a given behaviour (Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980; Zhang, 2005; Jaeger, 2003). Zhang (2005) reported that although studies of computer and Internet attitudes are abundant, the majority of these researches use college students (Zhang, 2005; Hwang et al., 2006; Li and Kirkup, 2007; Chen, 2008) or ordinary citizens (Fisher and Jacob, 2006; Fang and Yen, 2006; Colley and Maltby, 2008) as samples. However, employee populations constitute one of the largest groups and play a very important role in the adoption of new technologies. Additionally, employees' use of Internet services may show entirely different patterns than other groups in the society (Jin et al., 2007). Furthermore, the basic concepts of the Internet have been developed in the Western World and most of the empirical research focusing on Internet usage is either US/EU or Far East based (Teo and Lim, 2000; Usiner, 2005). Although they cover very valuable territory and provide useful insights that can provide direction in the examination of the issues from a global perspective, the results of these studies may not be applicable to other parts of the world due to the existence of social and economic differences (Bertot, McClure and Owens, 1999; Zhang, 2005). Nowadays, there is a growing divide between Western countries and the developing countries and, comparatively, very little has been researched in the field of ICT in the latter. Keeping these in view, the present study was undertaken to investigate the predictive effect of employees' gender and sector in their Internet usage and purpose of using the Internet. For the purpose of this study, "public sector" refers to national government departments and "private sector" comprises private corporations (Akman et al., 2005). Here, it is important to note that institutions providing nonprofit public services (e. g. universities, local government, etc.) have been categorized as a public sector. Our study focused on employees from private and public sector organizations. A sample of employees was used for this purpose. The independent (decision) variables were gender and sector of employees. The dependent variables were categorized into two empirical factors: (i) usage profile (average daily use of Internet and reason for using Internet) and (ii) usage pattern (average daily use of Internet for communication services, average daily use of Internet for information services and average daily use of Internet for electronic services). For this purpose, a survey was conducted among employees from public and private sector organizations. Interestingly, the results indicated that gender and sector both have significant impact on average daily use of Internet for communication services. This impact is significant for gender on average daily use of Internet for information services and for sector on average daily use of Internet. Another interesting finding is that there is no significant predictive effect of gender and sector on the reason for using Internet.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 4Sector Diversity among IT Professionals in the Timing of Blockchain Adoption: an Attitudinal Perspective(Kaunas Univ Technol, 2022) Akman, Ibrahim; Turhan, CigdemBlockchain technology has the potential to reshape the conventional ways of processes and transactions on digital platforms. Much of the attention surrounding blockchain is mainly focused on the technical and organizational aspects. Comparatively, little effort has been targeted towards understanding the attitudinal issues in blockchain adoption. This study aims to explore the role of attitudinal forms behind the intended timing of IT professionals' blockchain adoption, with an emphasis on the differences between the public and private sectors. A survey method was used where the data was collected from 208 IT professionals from public and private sector establishments in order to investigate how the different attitudes of the participants as well as the differences in their work sectors affect their intention to adopt blockchain. The data collected was analysed with ordinal logistic regression and the results indicate that the participants' affective, normative and pessimistic attitudes have a significant effect on the timing of blockchain adoption, and that these effects show differences among the IT professionals from the public and private sector. The findings are believed to provide valuable information to researchers and strategists in forecasting the future evolution of the blockchain technology in terms of individual utilization. The results also will provide feedback to managers of different sectors in making decisions regarding blockchain adoption, developers of blockchain services, as well as individuals who are interested in using blockchain.Article Citation - WoS: 29Citation - Scopus: 35Applications of Stakeholder Theory in Information Systems and Technology(Kaunas Univ Technol, 2013) Mishra, Alok; Mishra, DeeptiStakeholder theory has its origins in management literature. Preston (1999) traces the notion of stakeholders back to the great depression in the United States (1929-1941), when the General Electric company defined four major stakeholder groups - shareholders, employees, customers, and the general public. Stakeholder management has become an important tool to transfer ethics to management practice and strategy. Few management topics have generated more debate in recent decades than the underlying notion, the model and the theories surrounding stakeholders (Donaldson and Preston, 1995; Gibson, 2000; Wolfe and Putler, 2002; Friedman and Miles, 2006). The visual power of the stakeholder model and its high simplicity are seen as contributors to the success of the stakeholder concept (Fassin, 2008). An increasing interrelation is observed between the concepts of stakeholder theory, corporate responsibility, and business ethics (Valor, 2005; Garriga et al., 2004). The stakeholder approach in the organization integrates stakeholder relationships within a company's resource base, industry setting, and socio-political arena into a single analytical framework (Susniene & Sargunas, 2009). Mumford (1979) is one of the early researchers in supporting the involvement of end-users as a component of effective information systems development and implementation, using essentially the stakeholder concept in this domain. It has been proved that end-users and managers are very important towards successful system implementation. As more interorganizational information systems are developed which usually involve strategic decisions, a yet wider range of stakeholders needs to be involved (Pouloudi, 1999). In these systems the attention may switch from end-users and focus on those parties that are external to the organization, but who can also be associated in decision making at a managerial or strategic level (Pouloudi & Whitely, 1997). One of the most thorough investigations of the stakeholder concept in information systems research that relates information systems stakeholders with implementation failure was made as an early work by Lyytinen and Hirschheim (1987, 1988). They argue that failure is conditional on the capability of information system to meet the expectations of different stakeholders - i.e. to say an information system may be considered successful by some stakeholder but a failure by others. The concept of stakeholder represents a progression from developer - and user - centered problems to organization-wide and inter organizational information system problems. This is a sign of maturity of information systems research to show how holistic representation of the parties involved in the more complex systems currently developed (Pouloudi, 1999). Stakeholder theory proposes an ethical use of stakeholder concept in Information systems as ethical considerations and professional conduct is a significant issue in information system. The stakeholder theory is extensively used in management in investigating organizational ambiance, strategic management, ethical concerns, business planning process, e-government, project management, environment management, etc. Recently stakeholders are also seen as means to more successful information and communication technologies and information system development and implementation issues. The paper presents stakeholder theory, its origin and applications in Information Systems (IS) field in the literature. The main objective of this research is to build up the knowledge body of stakeholder applications in information systems and technology areas.
