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Language: enSubject: Economic growth

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    Article
    Citation - Scopus: 9
    Education, Human Capital Inequality and Economic Growth: Evidence From Turkey
    (Euro-American Association of Economic Development Studies, 2010) Gungor,N.D.
    Recent studies consider the unequal dispersion of human capital as a possible explanation for regional and cross-country variations in output growth. An unequal dispersion of human capital is expected to affect growth negatively through its negative effect on human capital accumulation and on the efficient allocation of resources. The paper focuses on the relationship between human capital inequalities and economic growth for the provinces of Turkey in the period 1975-2000. Education inequality turns out to be an important factor explaining variations in output growth and there is evidence that this effect occurs mainly through the inefficiency channel.
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    Master Thesis
    Makroekonomik İstikrarsızlığın Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerindeki Rolü: Kolombiya Örneği, 1950-2009
    (2012) Pedraza, Johanna Alejandra Pulido; İsmihan, Mustafa
    Bu tezin temel amacı makroekonomik istikrarsızlığın Kolombiya'nın ekonomik büyümesi üzerindeki etkisini 1950-2009 yılları arasında üretim fonksiyonu yaklaşımıyla araştırmaktır. Ek olarak, dışa açıklık ve sermaye birikiminin (hem fiziki hem de beşeri) ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki rolü analiz edilmiştir. Bunun için bu tez birim kökler, eşbütünleşim analizleri ve hata düzeltme modelleri gibi modern zaman serisi tekniklerini kullanmıştır.Tasviri ve ampirik sonuçlar, tekrar eden makroekonomik istikrarsızlık süreçlerinin, 1950-2009 dönemi boyunca, Kolombiya ekonomisinin büyüme potansiyelini ciddi ve olumsuz etkilediğini göstermektedir. Ampirik sonuçlar, çıktıdaki büyümenin, uzun vadede, fiziki ve beşeri sermaye birikiminden olumlu ancak dışa açıklıktan olumsuz etkilendiğini de göstermektedir. Ayrıca, uzun vadede, çıktının kendisini sermaye birikimindeki değişime ve makroekonomik istikrarsızlığa daha çabuk uyarladığı bulunmuştur.
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    Article
    Citation - WoS: 5
    Citation - Scopus: 5
    Historical Environmental Kuznets Curve for the Usa and the Uk: Cyclical Environmental Kuznets Curve Evidence
    (Springer, 2024) Omay, Tolga; Yildirim, Julide; Balta-Ozkan, Nazmiye
    Human activities, including population growth, industrialization, and urbanization, have increasingly impacted the environment. Despite the benefits of economic growth to individual welfare, its negative environmental consequences necessitate a thorough assessment. The environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), positing an inverted U-shaped relationship between income per capita and environmental degradation, has been extensively studied since its proposition by Grossman and Krueger (Environmental impacts of a North American free trade agreement, National Bureau of Economic Research working paper, 1991. https://doi.org/10.3386/w3914). However, empirical evidence on the validity and shape of the EKC varies due to methodological differences, country-specific dynamics, and other factors. Examining the historical growth paths of individual countries helps explain the mixed findings in empirical EKC research. Long-term data allow researchers to determine the EKC's shape and turning points, aiding policymakers in devising appropriate environmental policies for each economic growth cycle within the framework of global environmental governance. Accordingly, this study contributes to the literature by taking a historical perspective on the EKC, focusing specifically on the United States and the United Kingdom. Drawing on data spanning from 1850, we employ advanced econometric techniques, including fractional frequency flexible Fourier form Dickey-Fuller-type unit root tests and structural breaks unit root tests, to overcome limitations of traditional linearized EKC estimations. Moreover, the classical polynomial regression approach is employed to model the long-term cycles based on the scatterplot inspection of per capita carbon dioxide (CO2) and per capita GNP series. Contrary to conventional expectations, our empirical findings do not support the existence of a clear inverted U-shaped EKC relationship between CO2 emissions and economic growth for either country. Instead, our analysis reveals the presence of multiple regimes, indicating a cyclical pattern where economic growth affects environmental quality with varying severity over time. Furthermore, we demonstrate proper modeling techniques for the EKC, highlighting the importance of identification and misspecification tests. Our study identifies cyclical EKC patterns for both the UK and the USA, with the UK exhibiting two cycles and the USA exhibiting three, shaped by varying economic, social, and technological contexts. By revealing the nuances of the economic growth-environmental degradation nexus for these early developer countries, our study provides valuable insights for policymakers seeking to devise evidence-based and environmentally sustainable growth policies within the framework of global environmental governance. These findings underscore the importance of considering historical context and structural changes when analyzing the EKC, providing valuable insights for policymakers aiming to design adaptive and sustainable economic growth strategies.