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Article Evaluation of Space Efficiency, Structural Systems, Material Applications, and Design of High-Rise Structures in South Korea(Highlights of Science, 2025) Aktaş, K.O.; Zaim, A.; Aslantamer, Ö.N.; Aktas, G.G.; Ilgın, H.E.This study examines 61 South Korean towers, analyzing their architectural configu-rations, structural systems, material applications, and spatial efficiencies. Findings indicate a pre-dominance of central core configurations and prismatic forms, reinforcing a function-driven approach to vertical urbanism. Structural system preferences highlight the widespread use of out-riggered frames, ensuring lateral stability while optimizing floor layouts. Material selection trends reveal a reliance on concrete, aligning with global patterns, while composite materials (25%) are used in high-performance supertall structures. Functionally, residential high-rises dominate, with mixed-use (2%) and office towers (11%) remaining limited. This research also identifies an aver-age spatial efficiency of 76%, aligning with international benchmarks, though variations exist across cities due to core-to-gross floor area ratios, structural constraints, and service core alloca-tions. This research underscores South Korea’s strategic high-rise development, prioritizing space optimization, structural efficiency, and economic feasibility. However, opportunities re-main for increased functional diversity, broader hybrid material adoption, and greater integration of sustainable design innovations. These findings contribute to global skyscraper analysis, offering insights into high-rise architecture’s role in urban resilience and density management. © 2025 Aktaş et al.Article Shanghai's High-Rise Buildings: Exploring Space Efficiency, Structural Systems, Forms, Materials and Core Designs(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2026) Aktas, Kurt Orkun; Aslantamer, Ozlem Nur; Aktas, Gozen Guner; Ilgin, Huseyin EmreThis study examines the architectural and structural design considerations influencing space efficiency in Shanghai's high-rise buildings. Understanding space efficiency is significant because it directly affects land-use intensity, economic returns, and sustainability outcomes. The objective of this study is to quantify space efficiency ratios by analyzing the relationships between core types, function, form, and structural systems, and assess temporal and comparative benchmarks for Shanghai within the global context. The novelty lies in its combined focus on architectural and structural determinants of space efficiency, supported by data on 43 high-rise buildings in Shanghai. Methodologically, this study relies on quantitative analysis of Net Floor Area (NFA), Gross Floor Area (GFA), and core ratios, supplemented with comparative evaluation of building forms, materials, and structural systems. The key findings reveal: (1) average space efficiency at 75% with core-to-GFA ratios of 23%, varying between 52-93% and 5-33% respectively; (2) the dominance of prismatic forms supported by composite outriggered frame systems; (3) a decline in efficiency with increasing building height due to larger service cores. Practically, this research highlights opportunities for stakeholders - including architects, engineers, and policymakers - to adopt lightweight materials, prefabrication techniques, and smart building systems that improve space efficiency in future high-rise developments.
