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Article Citation - WoS: 67Citation - Scopus: 89Gender, Age and Income Differences in Internet Usage Among Employees in Organizations(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2010) Akman, Ibrahim; Mishra, AlokThis paper reviews and discusses Internet issues and reports the findings of a survey concerning the impact of gender, age and income on employees' Internet usage in Turkey. Internet usage was categorized in two empirical factors, namely usage profile (reason for using the Internet, average daily use of the Internet) and usage patterns (average daily use of the Internet for communication/e-mailing/chat, information access/downloading/entertainment and electronic services). The survey was conducted among 200 employees from public and private sector organizations. The results indicated that gender has a positive impact on average daily time spent on the use of the Internet for communication/e-mailing/chat and information access/downloading/entertainment. Age has a positive impact on average daily use of the Internet in general and a negative impact on the use of the Internet for information access/downloading/entertainment. Income was not found to have an impact on empirical factors. Finally, gender, age and income do not have any significant impact on average daily use of Internet for electronic services such as e-commerce/e-shopping/e-banking/e-government. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 8Citation - Scopus: 12Srcmimm: the Software Requirements Change Management and Implementation Maturity Model in the Domain of Global Software Development Industry(Springer, 2023) Akbar, Muhammad Azeem; Khan, Arif Ali; Mahmood, Sajjad; Mishra, AlokThe software industry has widely adopted global software development (GSD) to gain economic benefits. Organizations that engage in GSD face various challenges, the majority being associated with requirements change management (RCM). The key motive of this study is to develop a requirement change management and implementation maturity model (SRCMIMM) for the GSD industry that could help the practitioners to assess and manage their RCM activities. A systematic literature review and questionnaire survey approach are used to identify and validate the critical success factors (CSFs), critical challenges (CCHs), and the related best practices of the RCM process. The investigated CSFs and CCHs are classified into five maturity levels based on the concepts of the existing maturity models in other domains, practitioners' feedback, and academic research. Every maturity level comprises different CSFs and CCHs that can help assess and manage a firm's RCM capability. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed model, four case studies are conducted in different GSD firms. The SRCMIMM has been developed to assist GSD organizations in improving their RCM process in efficiency and effectiveness.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 8A Novel Hybrid Machine Learning-Based System Using Deep Learning Techniques and Meta-Heuristic Algorithms for Various Medical Datatypes Classification(Mdpi, 2024) Kadhim, Yezi Ali; Guzel, Mehmet Serdar; Mishra, AlokMedicine is one of the fields where the advancement of computer science is making significant progress. Some diseases require an immediate diagnosis in order to improve patient outcomes. The usage of computers in medicine improves precision and accelerates data processing and diagnosis. In order to categorize biological images, hybrid machine learning, a combination of various deep learning approaches, was utilized, and a meta-heuristic algorithm was provided in this research. In addition, two different medical datasets were introduced, one covering the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain tumors and the other dealing with chest X-rays (CXRs) of COVID-19. These datasets were introduced to the combination network that contained deep learning techniques, which were based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) or autoencoder, to extract features and combine them with the next step of the meta-heuristic algorithm in order to select optimal features using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. This combination sought to reduce the dimensionality of the datasets while maintaining the original performance of the data. This is considered an innovative method and ensures highly accurate classification results across various medical datasets. Several classifiers were employed to predict the diseases. The COVID-19 dataset found that the highest accuracy was 99.76% using the combination of CNN-PSO-SVM. In comparison, the brain tumor dataset obtained 99.51% accuracy, the highest accuracy derived using the combination method of autoencoder-PSO-KNN.Article Citation - WoS: 10Citation - Scopus: 13Predicting Reliability of Software in Industrial Systems Using a Petri Net Based Approach: a Case Study on a Safety System Used in Nuclear Power Plant(Elsevier, 2022) Kumar, Kuldeep; Sumit; Kumar, Sandeep; Singh, Lalit Kumar; Mishra, AlokContext: Software reliability prediction in the early stages of development can be propitious in many ways. The combinatorial models used to predict reliability using architectures such as fault trees, binary decision diagrams, etc. have limitations in modeling complex system behavior. On the other hand, state-based models such as Markov chains suffer from the state-space explosion problem, and they need transition probability among different system states to measure reliability. These probabilities are usually assumed or are obtained from the operational profile for which the system should be used in the field. Objective: The objective of this paper is to present a method for predicting the reliability of software in industrial systems using a generalized stochastic Petri nets based approach. The key idea is to violate the assumption of state transition probabilities in the Markov chain. The state transition probabilities are calculated using Petri net transitions' throughput by performing stationary analysis under the consideration to identify and handle dead markings in the Petri net. Method: Initially, a generalized stochastic Petri net of the system under consideration is generated from the standard system's specification. Thereafter, dead markings are identified in the Petri net which are further removed to perform steady-state analysis. At last, a Markov model is generated based on the reachability graph of the Petri net, which is further used to predict the system reliability. Results: The presented method has been applied to a safety-critical system, Shut Down System-1, of a nuclear power plant, which is operational in the Canada Deuterium Uranium reactor. The predicted reliability of the system using this method is 99.99966% which has been validated using the specified system requirements. To further validate and generalize the results, sensitivity analysis is performed by varying different system parameters. Conclusions: The method discussed in this paper presents a step of performing structural analysis on the Petri net of the system under consideration to identify and handle dead markings on the Petri net. It further handles the issue of assuming transition probabilities among the system states by calculating them using Petri net transitions' throughput.Article Citation - WoS: 15Citation - Scopus: 21Software Engineering Education: Some Important Dimensions(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2007) Mishra, Alok; Cagiltay, Nergiz Ercil; Kilic, OzkanSoftware engineering education has been emerging as an independent and mature discipline. Accordingly, various studies are being done to provide guidelines for curriculum design. The main focus of these guidelines is around core and foundation courses. This paper summarizes the current problems of software engineering education programs. It also proposes some important dimensions as integral parts of software engineering education: interdisciplinary skills, practice experience, communication, skills on continuing education and professionalism. In the current guidelines and studies these dimensions are not addressed specifically. Although there could be other dimensions to be considered in software engineering education, we believe that the proposed ones are very crucial as software engineering is evolving more rapidly than any other engineering discipline. This study also provides a survey of some major universities' undergraduate software engineering programs to evaluate these dimensions.Article Citation - WoS: 75Citation - Scopus: 104Sector Diversity in Green Information Technology Practices: Technology Acceptance Model Perspective(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2015) Akman, Ibrahim; Mishra, AlokThis paper examines the existence of diversity between public-and private-sector establishments in Green Information Technology (GIT) adoption using the 'Technology Acceptance Model' (TAM). In this study, GIT simply refers to using IT in ways that help to reduce environmental impacts, which include using energy more efficiently and reducing waste. The model is extended to include the external variables as subjective norm and the level of GIT awareness. For this purpose, a survey was conducted among professionals from public-and private-sector establishments. The findings suggest the following: (1) Diversity exists among establishments from public-and private-sectors in the influence of the Perceived Ease-of-Use (PEU) on Perceived Usefulness (PU) and on the Attitude Towards Use (ATU); (2) Most of the public-sector professionals have concerns for environmental sustainability in using IT; (3) TAM is an important tool for investigating the specific barriers and facilitators of environmental behavior at work; (4) TAM has a have significant predictive power in public -sector establishments; and (5) TAM is significant for private-sector establishments except the relations between the PEU and PU, and PEU and ATU. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd, All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 178Citation - Scopus: 235Theory of Reasoned Action Application for Green Information Technology Acceptance(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2014) Mishra, Deepti; Akman, Ibrahim; Mishra, AlokThe increase in the use of Information Technology (IT) in recent decades has contributed to additional power consumption as well as a potential overuse of scarce resources. Also, IT is quickly surpassing air transportation in terms of its carbon footprint. For these reasons, increased environmental awareness has increased interest in Green Information Technology (GIT) among IT practitioners. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to investigate behavior for the adoption of GIT applying the conceptual model, referred to as the 'Theory of Reasoned Action' (TEA). For this purpose, a survey was conducted among IT professionals from major public and private sector establishments. Findings indicated that behavioral intention influences actual behavior positively. IT professionals with positive intentions towards GIT issues are actually practicing GIT in their work. Results also indicated that external factors such as person related beliefs, sector of respondents' establishment, and level of awareness have significant impact on attitude towards adoption of GIT. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 42Citation - Scopus: 60Impact of Physical Ambiance on Communication, Collaboration and Coordination in Agile Software Development: an Empirical Evaluation(Elsevier, 2012) Mishra, Deepti; Mishra, Alok; Ostrovska, SofiyaContext: Communication, collaboration and coordination are key enablers of software development and even more so in agile methods. The physical environment of the workspace plays a significant role in effective communication, collaboration, and coordination among people while developing software. Objective: In this paper, we have studied and further evaluated empirically the effect of different constituents of physical environment on communication, coordination, and collaboration, respectively. The study aims to provide a guideline for prospective agile software developers. Method: A survey was conducted among software developers at a software development organization. To collect data, a survey was carried out along with observations, and interviews. Results: It has been found that half cubicles are 'very effective' for the frequency of communication. Further, half cubicles were discovered 'effective' but not 'very effective' for the quality/effectiveness of communication. It is found that half-height cubicles and status boards are 'very effective' for the coordination among team members according to the survey. Communal/discussion space is found to be 'effective' but not 'very effective' for coordination among team members. Our analysis also reveals that half-height glass barriers are 'very effective' during the individuals problem-solving activities while working together as a team. Infact, such a physically open environment appears to improve communication, coordination, and collaboration. Conclusion: According to this study, an open working environment with only half-height glass barriers and communal space plays a major role in communication among team members. The presence of status boards significantly help in reducing unnecessary communication by providing the required information to individuals and therefore, in turn reduce distractions a team member may confront in their absence. As communication plays a significant role in improving coordination and collaboration, it is not surprising to find the effect of open working environment and status boards in improving coordination and collaboration. An open working environment increases the awareness among software developers e.g. who is doing what, what is on the agenda, what is taking place, etc. That in turn, improves coordination among them. A communal/discussion space helps in collaboration immensely. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 17Citation - Scopus: 24Software Piracy Among It Professionals in Organizations(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2006) Mishra, Alok; Akman, Ibrahim; Yazici, AliThis paper reviews and discusses software piracy issues from a global perspective. It also reports the findings of a survey concerning the impact of demographic factors on software piracy among IT professionals in Turkey. Although the impact of these factors on software piracy has long been attracting the interest of academics, no quantitative research has ever been realized in this field in the country. Elsewhere also, most of the software piracy-related studies are limited to students and academics and very few have reported findings related to IT professionals in different organizations. The survey was conducted among IT professionals from government and private sector organizations. Based on this survey, the results indicated that gender, age and experience have significant impact on software piracy. The implications of these findings are discussed and compared with other related studies. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 37Citation - Scopus: 45The Role of Absorptive Capacity, Communication and Trust in Erp Adoption(Elsevier Science inc, 2016) Mayeh, Maral; Ramayah, T.; Mishra, AlokThe use of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems is proven to be valuable in several ways and it is considered a necessity in today's business. However, despite the high cost and efforts required in implementing ERPs, the success rate is reported unsatisfactory in Iranian organizations. It is argued that the success of ERP implementation is significantly related to the users' adoption behavior. As one of the most important predictors of adoption behavior, this study investigates factors affecting the intention to use ERP systems. In particular, using Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), we examined the effects of absorptive capacity, communication and trust on the intention to use ERP systems. A questionnaire was sent to ERP users in 7 organizations in Iran, and 184 responses were used for the analysis. The findings suggest that trust, together with perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, have a positive significant relationship with intention to use ERR Furthermore, absorptive capacity and communication have a direct effect on the perceived ease of use which, in turn, impacts the intention to use ERP. As such, this study advances the current knowledge of adoption behavior by investigating the role of trust, communication and absorptive capacity on the intention to use. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
