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Article Citation - WoS: 44Citation - Scopus: 45A Novel Electrochromic and Fluorescent Polythienylpyrrole Bearing 1,1′-Bipyrrole(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2009) Cihaner, Atilla; Mert, Olcay; Demir, Ayhan S.A novel conducting polymer was successfully synthesized via electropolymerization of 1-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-2,5-di(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrole. The electrochemical and electro-optical properties of the corresponding polymer, which was the first example of polymer containing 1,1'-bipyrrole units, were elaborated using electroanalytical and spectroscopic techniques. Cyclic voltammograms and electro-optical studies showed that the polymer has a stable and well-defined reversible redox process as well as electrochromic behavior. The processable polymer film also possessed a yellowish orange light emitter property. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 94Citation - Scopus: 95A New Conducting Polymer Bearing 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (bodipy) Subunit: Synthesis and Characterization(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2008) Cihaner, Atilla; Algi, FatihA new monomer system based on thiophene, pyrrole and 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene dye (SNS-BODIPY) was synthesized and its corresponding polymer (PSNS-BODIPY) was obtained via repetitive cycling or constant potential electrolysis in 0.1 M tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate dissolved in dichloromethane. The PSNS-BODIPY film has very stable and well-defined reversible redox couples during p-doping process. Multi-electrochromic polymer film has a band gap of 2.9 eV with two absorption bands in its neutral state at 351 and 525 nm, attributed to the polymer backbone and BODIPY subunits, respectively. The percentage transmittance changes between both states (neutral and oxidized) were found as 12.1% for 351 nm and 17.7% for 525 nm in the visible region as well as 46.2% for 1050 nm in the near-infrared region. Beyond the robustness, the PSNS-BODIPY film has high redox stability (retaining 53.3% of its electroactivity at 351 nm after 2000 switching) with a low response time of 1.0 s. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 11Citation - Scopus: 12Ag Nanostructures on a Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene) Film Prepared With Electrochemical Route: a Controllable Roughened Sers Substrate With High Repeatability and Stability(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2012) Dogan, Uzeyir; Kaya, Murat; Cihaner, Atilla; Volkan, MurvetA simple, reliable and reproducible one-step electrochemical method for the preparation of surface-enhanced Raman-active polymer-mediated silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on planar indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates was reported. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) film was used as a support material for dispersing nanostructured silver nanostructures on the surface homogeneously, since 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomer polymerizes regioregularly. The optical properties and morphologies of the silver substrates have been investigated by ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The UV-vis and FE-SEM results revealed that the Ag nanostructures separately appeared on the PEDOT coated ITO after reduction. The effect of the thickness of PEDOT polymer film, reduction potential of silver, the concentration of silver ion solution and the amount of silver particle on the polymer film on the SERS response were studied as well as repeatability and temporal stability of prepared substrates. Brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) has been used as Raman probes to evaluate the properties of the new SERS substrates. Signals collected over multiple spots within the same substrate resulted in a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 9.34%, while an RSD of 11.05% was measured in signals collected from different substrates. The SERS-active substrates were robust and stable which lost only 5.71% of initial intensity after 1 month. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 21Citation - Scopus: 21Synthesis and Electro-Optical Properties of New Conjugated Hybrid Polymers Based on Furan and Fluorene Units(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2013) Gunes, Arzu; Cihaner, Atilla; Onal, Ahmet M.A novel series of hybrid monomers containing furan and fluorene units, namely 2-(2-(furan-2-yl)-9H-fluoren-7-yl)furan (FFF), 2,7-di(furan-2-yl)-9H-fluoren-9-one (FOF) and 2-(2-(furan-2-yl)-9,9-dihexyl-9H-fluoren-7-yl)furan (FHF), was synthesized and their electrochemical polymerization was achieved via potential cycling. Optical and electrochemical properties of the polymers, poly(2-(2-(furan-2-yl)9H-fluoren-7-yl)furan (PFFF), poly(2,7-di(furan-2-yl)-9H-fluoren-9-one) (PFOF) and poly(2-(2-(furan2-yl)-9,9-dihexyl-9H-fluoren-7-yl)furan) (PFHF), were investigated and it was found that polymer films exhibited quasi-reversible redox behavior (E-p(ox) =0.92V for PFFF, E-p(ox) = 1.08V for PFOF and E-p(ox) = 0.99V for PFHF) accompanied with a reversible electrochromic behavior, yellow to dark blue for PFFF, orange to green for PFOF and orange to green for PFHF. Their band gap values (E-g) were found to be 2.49, 2.32 and 2.61 eV for PFFF, PFOF and PFHF, respectively. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 8Citation - Scopus: 8Electropolymerization and Ion Sensitivity of Chemiluminescent Thienyl Systems(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2009) Asil, Demet; Cihaner, Atilla; Onal, Ahmet M.Redox driven chemiluminescent (CL) compounds based on thienyl and pyridazine systems, namely 2,3-dihydrothieno(3,4-d)pyridazine-1,4-dione (T-Lum) and 5,7-di-thiophen-2-yl-2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-d]pyridazine-1,4-dione (TTT-Lum), were synthesized. Soluble compounds both in organic media and basic aqueous solution were found to give CL and electroluminescent (EL) reactions by the treatment of oxidants (H2O2 and KMnO4) and by an external potential pulse on the working electrode, respectively. Furthermore, the CL reaction can be speeded up by Fe3+ ion or blood samples. On the other hand, one of the compounds. TTT-Lum, can be polymerized successfully via electrochemically both in 0.1 M LiClO4/acetonitrile containing 5% of borontrifluoro diethylether (BF3-Et2O) and neat BF3-Et2O solution. The corresponding polymer film (PTTT-Lum) bearing CL units has a very stable and a well-defined reversible redox couple. Also, the electrochromic polymer film has a band gap of 1.74 eV and exhibits EL behavior. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 21Citation - Scopus: 21Synthesis and Properties of a Novel Redox Driven Chemiluminescent Material Built on a Terthienyl System(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2009) Atilgan, Nurdan; Algi, Fatih; Onal, Ahmet M.; Cihaner, AtillaA novel redox driven chemiluminescent material built on a terthienyl system, namely 5,7-di-ethylenedioxythiophen-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-thieno[3,4-d]pyridazine-1,4-dione (ETE-Lum), which is soluble in both organic media and basic aqueous solution was synthesized and characterized. Furthermore, its polymer, PETE-Lum, which is one of the most rare examples of chemiluminescent polymeric materials bearing a pyridazine unit, was obtained successfully by electrochemical means. Both of the materials give chemiluminescence either by treatment with oxidants (H2O2 and/or KMnO4) or by the application of a potential pulse. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 25Citation - Scopus: 27A New Processable and Fluorescent Polydithienylpyrrole Electrochrome With Pyrene Appendages(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2013) Tirkes, Seha; Mersini, Jetmire; Oztas, Zahide; Algi, Melek Pamuk; Algi, Fatih; Cihaner, AtillaA new hybrid compound, namely 1-(pyren-3-yl)-2,5-di(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrole (SNS-P), was polymerized via both chemical and electrochemical methods. Chemically obtained soluble polydithienylpyrrole (c-PSNS-P) bearing pyrene appendages is a homogeneous and uniform polymer with a number averaged molecular weight of 15,200 g/mol. The polymer exhibits both multi-electrochromic and fluorescent properties. Upon oxidation, the color of electrochemically obtained polymer (e-PSNS-P) changes from yellowish orange to greenish yellow and to green/blue and finally to blue. In addition, the polymer induces yellowish orange (564 nm) and bright orange emission (613 nm) in solution and solid states, respectively. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 45Citation - Scopus: 47An Electroactive Polymeric Material and Its Voltammetric Response Towards Alkali Metal Cations in Neat Water(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2008) Algi, Fatih; Cihaner, AtillaThe syntheses and characterization of a unique system based on thiophene, pyrrole and benzo-15-crown-5 (SNS-Crown) and its corresponding polymer (PSNS-Crown) are reported. Furthermore, selective, clear and reversible voltammetric responses of the conjugated polymer (PSNS-Crown) film towards the alkali series Li+, Na+ and K+ in both neat water and organic media (ethanol) are described. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 3Effect of Phthalimide and Thieno[3,4-C]pyrrole Acceptors on P-Conjugated Donor-Acceptor Monomers: Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of Photophysical and Electrochemical Properties(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2023) Cakal, Deniz; Arabaci, Elif Demir; Yildirim, Erol; Cihaner, Atilla; Onal, Ahmet M.In this study, two novel donor-acceptor-donor monomers were synthesized by coupling a phthalimide (PI) acceptor unit with thiophene (T) and ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT (E)) donor units. These two novel PI-based monomers, namely 2-(2-ethylhexyl)-4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (T-PI) and 4,7-bis(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b] [1,4]dioxin-5-yl)-2-(2-ethylhexyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (E-PI), were fully characterized via UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as electrochemical methods, and the results were directly compared with those of previously synthesized thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione (TPD)-based analogues to report the results for four classes of monomers. In this regard, the ef-fects of different donor groups and structural modifications in the acceptor unit as changed from PI to TPD have been investigated to reveal the precise effect of the donor and acceptor on the optical and electrochemical properties of the monomers. All monomers exhibits an intramolecular charge transfer band in the low energy region due to strong donor and acceptor interactions. The oxidation and reduction potentials of the monomers are found to vary depending on the strengths of both donor and acceptor units. PI-based monomers show more positive oxidation and less negative reduction potentials than TPD-based analogues. Similarly, thiophene-based analogues reveal the same trend in their oxidation and reduction potentials as compared to EDOT-based analogues. Lastly, PI-based monomers could not undergo polymerization via electrochemical method, unlike TPD-based monomers, since the dihedral angle arising between donor and PI acceptor disturbs molecular planarity significantly, as demonstrated by first principle calculations.(C) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 11Citation - Scopus: 12A Low Band Gap Polymer Based on Selenophene and Benzobis (thiadiazole)(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2017) Abdulrazzaq, Mohammed; Ozkut, Merve Icli; Gokce, Gurcan; Ertan, Salih; Tutuncu, Esra; Cihaner, AtillaA new derivative of benzobis(thiadiazole) based donor-acceptor-donor type monomers, namely 4,7-di (selenophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-c;4,5-c']bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole (SeBTSe), was synthesized and its polymerization was carried out successfully via electrochemical polymerization in an electrolyte solution of 0.1 M tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate dissolved in dichloromethane. The monomer SeBTSe is a deep red chromophore and it has four redox states: one oxidation, one neutral and two reduction states. The electrochemical behaviour of the corresponding polymer called PSeBTSe was studied by cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry. There is a good agreement between electrochemical (0.62-0.66 eV) and optical (0.63 eV) bandgaps of the polymer. Like the monomer, the ambipolar polymer has four redox states and electrochromic properties: gray beige at neutral state, smoky azurite at oxidized state, beige at first reduced state and dark beige at second reduced state. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

