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Article Citation - WoS: 52Citation - Scopus: 57Members of Cmy Color Space: Cyan and Magenta Colored Polymers Based on Oxadiazole Acceptor Unit(Amer Chemical Soc, 2012) Ozkut, Merve Icli; Algi, Melek Pamuk; Oztas, Zahide; Algi, Fatih; Onal, Ahmet M.; Cihaner, AtillaIn this study, three novel oxadiazole-based polymers were synthesized and their electrochemical and optical properties were investigated. The polymers were found to have both p- and n-type doping properties accompanied by electrochromic response. Two polymer films exhibit cyan and magenta colors, which constitute two legs of CMY color spaces, in their neutral states and they are soluble in common-organic solvents. According to the color mixing theory, all colors in the visible spectrum including black color can be obtained by using these polymers with a yellow colored electrochromic polymer. Among these polymers, the polymer bearing propyledioxythiophene donor units has some superior properties like high stability (it retains 94% of its electroactivity after 2000 cycles), solubility, and high coloration efficiency (230 cm(2)/C), whereas as expected ethylenedioxythiophene containing one has the lowest band gap as 1.08 eV.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 5Designing a Solution Processable Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxyselenophene) Analogue(Amer Chemical Soc, 2018) Ertan, Salih; Cihaner, AtillaA new derivative (EDOS-POSS) of 3,4-ethylenedioxyselenophene integrated with alkyl-substituted polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) cage was synthesized and characterized. The electroactive monomer was successfully polymerized via both chemical and electrochemical methods. The obtained polymer called PEDOS-POSS was solution-processable and soluble in common organic solvents like tetrahydrofuran, toluene, dichloromethane, and chloroform. PEDOS-POSS polymer exhibited electrochromic behavior: pure blue when neutralized and highly transparent when oxidized. When compared to the parent PEDOS (1.40 eV with lambda(max) = 673 nm), PEDOS-POSS polymer film has a somewhat higher band gap (1.50 eV with lambda(max) = 668 and 724 nm). Also, PEDOS POSS exhibited high optical contrast ratio (59%) and coloration efficiency (593 cm(2)/C for 95% switching) with a low switching time (0.7 s) due to the presence of POSS cage in the polymer backbone. In addition, PEDOS-POSS polymer film was highly robust and stable under ambient conditions (without purging the electrolyte solution with inert gas). Polymer films demonstrated high electrochemical stability; for example, it retained 76% of its electroactivity after 5000 cycles. Furthermore, the polymers exhibited fluorescent properties and exhibited a reddish orange emission centered about at 640 nm. Based on the findings, to the best of our knowledge, it can be concluded that the polymers are the first examples of soluble and fluorescent PEDOS derivatives. These promising properties make PEDOS-POSS polymer a potential material for bioapplications like imaging the cancer cells as well as optoelectronic applications.Conference Object Acid/ Base Doped/ Dedoped Low Band Gap Polymer(Amer Chemical Soc, 2016) Karabay, Baris; Gokce, Gurcan; Cihaner, Atilla; Icli Ozkut, Merve[No Abstract Available]Article Citation - WoS: 48Citation - Scopus: 48A Pure Blue To Highly Transmissive Electrochromic Polymer Based on Poly(3,4-Propylenedioxyselenophene) With a High Optical Contrast Ratio(Amer Chemical Soc, 2015) Karabay, Baris; Pekel, Lutfiye Canan; Cihaner, AtillaA new derivative of 3,4-propylenedioxyselenophene bearing naphthalenylmethyl appeandages on the bridge, called 3,4-dihydro-3,3-bis((naphthalen-2-yl)methyl)-2H-selenopheno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxepine (ProDOS-Np-2), was synthesized and polymerized via potentiostatic and potentiodynamic methods. The electrochemically obtained polymer film (PProDOS-Np-2) is pure blue at the neutral state and highly transparent at the oxidized state. An increase in the size of the substituents on the bridge resulted in an increase in the optical contrast ratio. Upon moving from naked bridge to benzyl and to naphthalenylmethyl substituents on the bridge center, the optical contrast changed from 51% to 65% and finally to 84%, which is the second highest reported optical contrast ratio in polyselenophene family. When compared to polythiophene analogue, the PProDOS-Np-2 has lower oxidation potential and band gap, higher optical contrast ratio, coloration efficiency, robustness, and stability. The polymer film preserved its properties even after thousands of cycles under ambient conditions.Article Citation - WoS: 143Citation - Scopus: 157Donor-Acceptor Polymer Electrochromes With Tunable Colors and Performance(Amer Chemical Soc, 2010) Icli, Merve; Pamuk, Melek; Algi, Fatih; Onal, Ahmet M.; Cihaner, AtillaTo demonstrate the effect of donor (D) and acceptor (A) units on the structure property relationships of electrochromic polymers, design, synthesis, characterization and polymerization of a series of D A type systems, 1-5, based on thiophene, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene, and 3,3-didecyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxepine as D units and 2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole, 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole and 2-decyl-2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole as A units are highlighted. It is found that these units play key roles on the redox behavior, band gap, neutral state color, and the electrochromic performance (stability, optical contrast, coloration efficiency, and switching time) of the system. It is noted that electropolymerization of these D-A systems provides processable low band gap electrochromes, P1-P5, exhibiting high redox stability, coloration efficiency, transmittance and/or contrast ratio and low response time. Furthermore, P1-P5 reflect various hues of blue and green pallets of the RGB color-space in the neutral state. In particular, it is noteworthy that P5 is an excellent blue-to-colorless polymeric electrochrome, which, to our best knowledge, exhibits the highest optical contrast and coloration efficiency among the D A type systems. The panoramic breadth of the neutral state colors and intriguing features of these polymeric materials further confirm that D A approach allows engineering tunable electrochromes, which hold promise for commercialization of polymeric ROB electrochromics.
