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Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 4Identification of Bacterial Diversity of Bee Collected Pollen and Bee Bread Microbiota by Metagenomic Analysis(Aves, 2022) Arserim Ucar, Dilhun Keriman; Yurt, Mediha Nur Zafer; Tasbasi, Behiye Busra; Acar, Elif Esma; Yegin, Zeynep; Ozalp, Veli Cengiz; Sudagidan, Mert; Uçar, Dilhun Keriman Arserim; Ozalp, Cengiz; Arserim-uçar, Dılhun KerimanThis study investigated the bacterial diversities of bee-collected pollen and bee bread of Apis mellifera in Turkey. The bacterial community structure of 14 bee pollen from Bingol, Konya, and Hakkari and 11 bee bread samples from Bingol were studied using 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing and metagenomic analysis. The dominant bacterial phylum in pollen and bee bread samples was Firmicutes, followed by Proteobacteria. In pollen and bee bread samples, Bacillaceae, Clostridiaceae, Enterococcaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae were identified as dominant bacterial families. At the genus level, Bacillus, Clostridium sensu stricto, and Enterococcus were dominant bacteria in both pollen and bee bread samples. The most abundant species was Clostridium perfringens in both pollen and bee bread samples. Escherichia vulneris, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus casseliflavus, and Cronobacter malonaticus were identified with high reads in pollen samples. In bee bread samples, E. faecalis, Clostridium bifermentans, and Pantoea calida were abundant bacterial species. Alpha diversity showed that pol-3 sample had the highest diversity. Beta-diversity plots separated the pollen samples into four main groups and bee bread samples into three main groups. Our results indicated that the culture-independent metagenomic analysis will be a valuable tool for determining the microbial diversity of bee products produced in Bingol-Turkey one of the important centers of apiculture.Article Investigation of the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Astaxanthin on Liver Tissue in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Sepsis in Rats(Galenos Yayincilik, 2022) Cobaner, Nurdan; Yelken, Birgul; Erkasap, Nilufer; Ozkurt, Mete; Bektur, EzgiObjective: Corticosteroids are one of the treatment methods used to prevent inflammation in sepsis. This study aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of astaxanthin in sepsis and compare it with dexamethasone. Materials and Methods: After approval of the local ethics committee, 40 Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly assigned to the control group (n=8), lipopolysaccharide group (n=8), astaxanthin group (n=8), astaxanthin + lipopolysaccharide group (n=8) and dexamethasone + lipopolysaccharide group (n=8). On day 1, these groups were given dimethyl sulfoxide, Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide, astaxanthin dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, astaxanthin and lipopolysaccharide and dexamethasone and lipopolysaccharide, respectively. After 24 hours, rats underwent laparotomy, and liver and blood samples were taken. GraphPad Prism 6 was used for statistical analysis. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Nuclear factor-kappa B levels in both treatment groups significantly decreased when compared with the lipopolysaccharide group. Apoptotic cells and reaction severity decreased significantly in the treatment groups compared with the lipopolysaccharide group. Conclusion: This study revealed that the use of astaxanthin had a positive effect on liver tissue undergoing treatment for sepsis. Moreover, despite some differences, measurement values were comparable when dexamethasone was administered.
