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Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 1A Close Examination of Ankara's Reinforced Concrete Buildings Designed and Constructed Between 1923 and 1938(Mdpi, 2023) Tunc, Gokhan; Tunc, Tanfer EminThe Republic of Turkey was established in 1923 out of the remains of the Ottoman Empire. Between 1923 and 1938, the Turkish republic underwent fifteen years of rapid expansion and growth, with Ankara as its new capital and Mustafa Kemal Ataturk (1881-1938) as its first president. During this period, reinforced concrete (RC) played a significant role in the construction of Ankara's public-use buildings. This study focuses on 57 of these structures, built either partially, or entirely, out of RC. The buildings are classified with respect to their duration, soil properties, foundation types, structural design details, construction types, materials and overall costs. In order to provide a better picture of the time period in which these buildings were designed and constructed, the technical, financial and political aspects of the projects, and the difficulties and challenges involved in their design and construction, are also discussed. Furthermore, this study outlines the impact of foreign engineers, construction workers, firms and the educational system on the development of civil engineering and use of RC in Turkey.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1Friction Space and the Re(dis)covery of Urban Roads(Palgrave Macmillan Ltd, 2022) Butuner, Funda Bas; Guneri, Gizem DenizFor the majority of cities worldwide, car-based mobility has begun to be replaced by alternative mobility modes. This process has augmented the lens for infrastructural topics, and placed infrastructure's latent potentiality at the forefront. Car-dependent infrastructure, however, persists in and conditions urbanism in many others. For such cities, the encounter of roads with the city and human-scale spaces raises critical ground in need of new strategies, particularly to mediate the relation between roads and their vicinities. This article, hereby, dwells on the interfacial relations and spaces betwixt urban roads and relational geographies, conceptualizing friction as a spatial notion. In this, the study departs from the conflicting presence of urban roads in Ankara. Dwelling on two Boulevards-Ataturk and Malazgirt-the article reflects on the obscured spatial, cultural, and social conditions caused by frictionless mobility strategies over time. It uncovers and accentuates the urgency of friction space strategies to claim infrastructural terrains and re(dis)cover severed or missing continuities (in Ankara).
