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  • Article
    W-Band RCS Prediction of Small Objects: Comparing Two Widely Used Methods with Experimental Validation
    (Gazi University, 2025) Kara, Ali; Aydın, Elif; Yardım, Funda Ergün; Sezgin, Deniz
    This paper compares the accuracy of Shooting and Bouncing Rays and Electric Field Integral Equation methods for Radar Cross Section prediction of small objects at 77-81 GHz band. Existing studies on RCS prediction methods often lack comprehensive comparisons between computational and experimental results, particularly for small objects measured with a 77 GHz radar. This study addresses this gap by presenting an in-depth analysis of both simulation and measurement data. In this work, three targets with varying geometries and materials were measured with a frequency modulated continuous wave radar and simulated using Ansys HFSS and CST Studio Suite. The measurements were performed with a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) frequency modulated continuous wave radar operating at 77–81 GHz. This study aims to emphasize the importance of considering both efficiency and accuracy when opting for an RCS prediction method. Overall, the outcomes of both methods have largely demonstrated good alignment. It has been noted that, while Shooting and Bouncing Rays method offers promising time-saving advantages, Electric Field Integral Equation method remains a valuable tool for complex geometries where precise results are crucial.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 6
    Citation - Scopus: 6
    Opportunities and Challenges Inrcsmeasurement of 9-Mm Bullet Model With77 Ghzmmwavecotsradar Systems
    (Wiley, 2020) Ahmed, Badar-ud-din; Kara, Ali; Zencir, Ertan; Benzaghta, Mohamed
    This article indicates a thus far unexplored area of applied research and development to the application and system engineers and researchers from broad engineering backgrounds. Results of a study are presented for measurement of calibrated Radar Cross Section (RCS) of a 9-mm bullet (projectile) model by using a commercial-of-the-shelf (COTS) millimeter wave Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) radar system operating in 77 to 81 GHz frequency range. The calibrated RCS variation against the aspect angle is measured experimentally, analyzed, and compared with the simulation results which shows fair matching between the two. The opportunities and challenges attached with the use of such COTS systems for development of Hostile Fire Indication (HFI) systems are discussed. This bullet type and this mmwave frequency has not been thus far studied and reported in literature. This may motivate interested individuals/entities to try to measure (at acceptable accuracy before anechoic chamber measurements) RCS of similar low-size objects by using such low-cost COTS platforms.