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  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 18
    Citation - Scopus: 19
    Effect of Furan, Thiophene and Selenophene Donor Groups on Benzoselenadiazole Based Donor-Acceptor Systems
    (Elsevier Science Sa, 2016) Karabay, Lutfiye Canan; Karabay, Bads; Karakoy, Merve Serife; Cihaner, Atilla
    A series of the monomers called 4,7-di(furan-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]selenadiazole (OSeO), 4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c]11,2,5]selenadiazole (SSeS) and 4,7-di(selenophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]selenadiazole (SeSeSe) was synthesized via a donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) approach. Benzoselenadiazole was used as an acceptor unit and furan, thiophene and selenophene were used as donor units. The effects of chalcogen atoms (0, S, and Se) in furan, thiophene and selenophene were investigated systematically on the properties of the monomers and their corresponding polymers (POSeO, PSSeS and PSeSeSe, respectively), which were polymerized electrochemically via potentiodynamic or potentiostatic methods. The monomers OSeO, SSeS and SeSeSe exhibited low oxidation potentials of 1.15, 1.25 and 1.19 V vs. Ag/AgCl, respectively. Intramolecular charge transfer interaction between donor and acceptor units was demonstrated from the emission spectra of the monomers. Also, the optical studies showed that the ambipolar and electrochromic polymers POSeO, PSSeS and PSeSeSe have low band gaps of 1.57, 1.47 and 1.45 eV, respectively. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 16
    Citation - Scopus: 16
    Synthesis and electropolymerization of thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione based donor-acceptor-donor type monomers
    (Elsevier Science Sa, 2020) Cakal, Deniz; Cihaner, Atilla; Onal, Ahmet M.
    Two monomers containing thieno [3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione (TP) acceptor units, namely 5-(2-ethylhexyl)-1,3-di (furan2-yl)-4H-thieno [3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6(5H)-dione (FTPF) and 5-(2-ethylhexyl)-1,3-di (selenophen-2-yl)-4H-thieno[3,4-c] pyrrole-4,6(5H)-dione (STPS), were synthesized via donor-acceptor-donor approach. Under the same template structure, the effect of heteroatom of the donor unit on redox and optical properties of the monomers and their corresponding polymers obtained via electrochemical method (PFTPF and PSTPS) were investigated. The results were also compared to their thiophene analogues 5-(2- ethylhexyl)-1,3-di (thiophen-2-yl)-4H-thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6(5H)-dione (TTPT) as the monomer and PTTPT as the polymer. Three monomers exhibited dual absorption bands one at high energy region due to the pi-pi* transition and the other one at low energy region which might be attributed to intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). An increase in ICT and a decrease both in the band gap and quantum yield was observed with increasing size of the heteroatomof the donor units. The oxidation potentials of the monomers and that of their corresponding polymer films were found to follow the order of decreasing aromatization energy from thiophene to furan (i.e thiophene > selenophene > furan). Also, heavy-atom substitution (PSTPS) effect showed itself by narrowing the optical band gap of the neutral state electrochromic polymer films: 1.90 eV for PFTPF, 1.82 eV for PTTPT and 1.76 eV for PSTPS.