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Article Citation - WoS: 7Citation - Scopus: 8Communities for Healthy Living (chl) a Community-Based Intervention To Prevent Obesity in Low-Income Preschool Children: Process Evaluation Protocol(Bmc, 2020) Beckerman-Hsu, Jacob P.; Aftosmes-Tobio, Alyssa; Gavarkovs, Adam; Kitos, Nicole; Figueroa, Roger; Kalyoncu, Z. Begum; Davison, Kirsten K.BackgroundProcess evaluation can illuminate barriers and facilitators to intervention implementation as well as the drivers of intervention outcomes. However, few obesity intervention studies have documented process evaluation methods and results. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) requires that process evaluation methods be developed to (a) prioritize community members' power to adapt the program to local needs over strict adherence to intervention protocols, (b) share process evaluation data with implementers to maximize benefit to participants, and (c) ensure partner organizations are not overburdened. Co-designed with low-income parents using CBPR, Communities for Healthy Living (CHL) is a family-centered intervention implemented within Head Start to prevent childhood obesity and promote family well-being. We are currently undertaking a randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of CHL in 23 Head Start centers in the greater Boston area. In this protocol paper, we outline an embedded process evaluation designed to monitor intervention adherence and adaptation, support ongoing quality improvement, and examine contextual factors that may moderate intervention implementation and/or effectiveness.MethodsThis mixed methods process evaluation was developed using the Perez et al. framework for evaluating adaptive interventions and is reported following guidelines outlined by Grant et al. Trained research assistants will conduct structured observations of intervention sessions. Intervention facilitators and recipients, along with Head Start staff, will complete surveys and semi-structured interviews. De-identified data for all eligible children and families will be extracted from Head Start administrative records. Qualitative data will be analyzed thematically. Quantitative and qualitative data will be integrated using triangulation methods to assess intervention adherence, monitor adaptations, and identify moderators of intervention implementation and effectiveness.DiscussionA diverse set of quantitative and qualitative data sources are employed to fully characterize CHL implementation. Simultaneously, CHL's process evaluation will provide a case study on strategies to address the challenges of process evaluation for CBPR interventions. Results from this process evaluation will help to explain variation in intervention implementation and outcomes across Head Start programs, support CHL sustainability and future scale-up, and provide guidance for future complex interventions developed using CBPR.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03334669. Registered on October 10, 2017Article Association Between Rutherford Classification and Cha2ds2< Chads2 and Ascvd Scores in Peripheral Artery Disease Patients(Bmc, 2020) Karaduman, Bilge Duran; Ayhan, Huseyin; Keles, Telat; Bozkurt, EnginBackground and Aim: The classification system is important in assessing the severity of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) and making the treatment decision. However, classification systems may not be sufficient and scoring systems developed to predict cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events can also be useful to assess the severity of PAD. In this study, our aim was to investigate the association of the Rutherford classification and CHADS(2), CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc and ASCVD scores in PAD patients. Method: A total of 65 consecutive patients with PAD (males 92.3%, mean age 63.0 +/- 9.2 years), who underwent percutaneous peripheral intervention were included in our retrospective study. Results: There were 16 patients in Category 2, 31 patients in Category 3, and 10 patients in Category 4 and eight patients in Category 5. The CHADS(2), CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc and ASCVD scores were found to be significantly different among the Rutherford categories and between each other. From Category 1 to 5, CHADS(2), CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc and ASCVD scores were significantly increased. When we grouped the scores as CHADS 2 <2 and <2 and CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc<4 and >= 4, it was determined that as the category increased the score group also increased. There was significantly correlation between CHADS(2), CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc and ASCVD scores with the Rutherford categories in correlation analyses. Conclusion: As far as we know, in this study which is the first study about the association of Rutherford classification and scoring systems, the major finding of the present study is that the CHADS(2), CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc and ASCVD scores was independently correlated with the severity of Rutherford Category in patients with PAD. (C) 2020 Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology. Publishing services by Atlantis Press International B.V.
