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Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 3Space Efficiency in European High-Rise Timber Buildings(Mdpi, 2024) Ilgin, Huseyin Emre; Aslantamer, Ozlem NurAs towering wooden edifices (>= 8 stories) become a rapidly expanding and promising field, they provide substantial environmental and economic advantages throughout their entire lifespans, leading to their increasing popularity, especially in the European context. Similar to various other construction forms, spatial efficiency is a vital design criterion in timber buildings to guarantee the viability of a project. Currently, there is no thorough study on spatial efficiency in these towers in Europe, which is home to the majority of the world's timber towers. This paper examined data from 56 cases to improve comprehension of the planning factors affecting space efficiency in these buildings. The main findings showed that the average space efficiency across the analyzed examples was documented at 82%, with deviations spanning from 70% to 90%, the average core area to gross floor area (GFA) ratio was determined to be 11%, ranging from 4% to 21%, and no substantial difference was noted in the impact of core arrangements on space efficiency, and parallel findings were observed for forms and construction materials. This article aspires to provide architectural designers with essential perspectives, assisting and directing them in the conception and realization of upcoming ventures both across Europe and internationally in this domain.Article Minorities and Minority Rights in Europe(Ankara Univ European Union Research Centre, 2015) Yilmaz, GozdeEurope has been the home for various ethnic, linguistic and religious minority groups for decades and it is almost impossible to find an European country with ethnic, linguistic and religious homegeneity. Notably, conflicts in Europe after the Cold War demonstrated the importance of minority issues and minority rights for Europe. In this respect, the European organizations like the European Union or the Council of Europe actively seek to promote minority rights in Europe. Especially through the enlargement of these organizations, the promotion of minority rights widened its sphere in Europe by minority conditions required to be fulfilled by the candidate countries are for membership. However, there is still no minority standard in Europe like the one in human rights. In contrast, minority rights have still been held by sovereign European states rather than through a common platform.
