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Conference Object Recent Studies on Use of Waste Plastics in Integrated Ironmaking(Springer International Publishing AG, 2025) Keskinkilic, EnderAround 7% of CO2 emissions are originated from the steel production. Nearly, three-quarters of the steel produced annually are obtained from the integrated route (BF-BOF). It is known that use of coke in BF results in 1700 kg CO2 emission per ton of hot metal. In relation to zero CO2 emission target, many investigations have been conducted in steelmaking industry for many years. One of them in blast furnace process can be regarded as replacing coke with certain alternatives. In this respect, substitution of coal and coke with biomass, use of coke oven gas (COG), use of pure H-2 gas, and use of waste plastics are some examples to the efforts to reduce CO2 emissions. In this paper, the studies aiming to substitute coke with waste plastics are reviewed.Conference Object Short-Term Gains, Long-Term Gaps: The Impact of GenAI and Search Technologies on Retention(Springer International Publishing AG, 2025) Akgun, Mahir; Toker, SacipThe rise of Generative AI (GenAI) tools, such as ChatGPT, has transformed how students access and engage with information, raising questions about their impact on learning outcomes and retention. This study investigates how GenAI (ChatGPT), search engines (Google), and e-textbooks influence student performance across tasks of varying cognitive complexity, based on Bloom's Taxonomy. Using a sample of 123 students, we examined performance in three tasks: [1] knowing and understanding, [2] applying, and [3] synthesizing, evaluating, and creating. Results indicate that ChatGPT and Google groups outperformed the control group in immediate assessments for lower-order cognitive tasks, benefiting from quick access to structured information. However, their advantage diminished over time, with retention test scores aligning with those of the e-textbook group. For higher-order cognitive tasks, no significant differences were observed among groups, with the control group demonstrating the highest retention. These findings suggest that while AI-driven tools facilitate immediate performance, they do not inherently reinforce long-term retention unless supported by structured learning strategies. The study highlights the need for balanced technology integration in education, ensuring that AI tools are paired with pedagogical approaches that promote deep cognitive engagement and knowledge retention.
