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Article Citation - WoS: 30Citation - Scopus: 48A Fusion-Based Framework for Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks in Surveillance Applications(Ieee-inst Electrical Electronics Engineers inc, 2019) Yazici, Adnan; Koyuncu, Murat; Sert, Seyyit Alper; Yilmaz, TurgayMultimedia sensors enable monitoring applications to obtain more accurate and detailed information. However, the development of efficient and lightweight solutions for managing data traffic over wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs) has become vital because of the excessive volume of data produced by multimedia sensors. As part of this motivation, this paper proposes a fusion-based WMSN framework that reduces the amount of data to be transmitted over the network by intra-node processing. This framework explores three main issues: 1) the design of a wireless multimedia sensor (WMS) node to detect objects using machine learning techniques; 2) a method for increasing the accuracy while reducing the amount of information transmitted by the WMS nodes to the base station, and; 3) a new cluster-based routing algorithm for the WMSNs that consumes less power than the currently used algorithms. In this context, a WMS node is designed and implemented using commercially available components. In order to reduce the amount of information to be transmitted to the base station and thereby extend the lifetime of a WMSN, a method for detecting and classifying objects on three different layers has been developed. A new energy-efficient cluster-based routing algorithm is developed to transfer the collected information/data to the sink. The proposed framework and the cluster-based routing algorithm are applied to our WMS nodes and tested experimentally. The results of the experiments clearly demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed WMSN architecture in the real-world surveillance applications.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 5Particle Swarm Optimization of the Spectral and Energy Efficiency of an Scma-Based Heterogeneous Cellular Network(Wiley, 2022) Noma-Osaghae, Etinosa; Misra, Sanjay; Ahuja, Ravin; Koyuncu, MuratBackground The effect of stochastic small base station (SBS) deployment on the energy efficiency (EE) and spectral efficiency (SE) of sparse code multiple access (SCMA)-based heterogeneous cellular networks (HCNs) is still mostly unknown. Aim This research study seeks to provide insight into the interaction between SE and EE in SBS sleep-mode enabled SCMA-based HCNs. Methodology A model that characterizes the energy-spectral-efficiency (ESE) of a two-tier SBS sleep-mode enabled SCMA-based HCN was derived. A multiobjective optimization problem was formulated to maximize the SE and EE of the SCMA-based HCN simultaneously. The multiobjective optimization problem was solved using a proposed weighted sum modified particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO). A comparison was made between the performance of the proposed weighted sum modified PSO algorithm and the genetic algorithm (GA) and the case where the SCMA-based HCN is unoptimized. Results The Pareto-optimal front generated showed a simultaneous maximization of the SE and EE of the SCMA-based HCN at high traffic levels and a convex front that allows network operators to select the SE-EE tradeoff at low traffic levels flexibly. The proposed PSO algorithm offers a higher SBS density, and a higher SBS transmit power at high traffic levels than at low traffic levels. The unoptimized SCMA-based HCN achieves an 80% lower SE and a 51% lower EE than the proposed PSO optimized SCMA-based HCN. The optimum SE and EE achieved by the SCMA-based HCN using the proposed PSO algorithm or the GA are comparable, but the proposed PSO uses a 51.85% lower SBS density and a 35.96% lower SBS transmit power to achieve the optimal SE and EE at moderate traffic levels. Conclusion In sleep-mode enabled SCMA-based HCNs, network engineers have to decide the balance of SBS density and SBS transmit power that helps achieve the desired SE and EE.Article Citation - WoS: 9Citation - Scopus: 11Food Index: a Multidimensional Index Structure for Similarity-Based Fuzzy Object Oriented Database Models(Ieee-inst Electrical Electronics Engineers inc, 2008) Yazici, Adnan; Ince, Cagri; Koyuncu, MuratA fuzzy object-oriented data model is a fuzzy logic-based extension to an object-oriented database model that permits uncertain data to be explicitly represented. The fuzzy object-oriented database (FOOD) model is one of the proposed models in the literature to handle uncertainty in object-oriented databases. Several kinds of fuzziness are dealt with in the FOOD model, including fuzziness at attribute level and between object and class and between class and superclass relations. The traditional index structures do not allow efficient access to both crisp and fuzzy objects for fuzzy object-oriented databases since they are not efficient enough in processing both crisp and fuzzy queries. In this study, we propose a new index structure, namely a FOOD index (FI), to deal with different kinds of fuzziness in fuzzy object-oriented databases and to support multidimensional indexing. In this paper, we describe this proposed index structure and show how it supports various types of flexible queries, and evaluate its performance for exact, range, and fuzzy queries.Article Citation - WoS: 13Citation - Scopus: 14An Intelligent Multimedia Information System for Multimodal Content Extraction and Querying(Springer, 2018) Yazici, Adnan; Koyuncu, Murat; Yilmaz, Turgay; Sattari, Saeid; Sert, Mustafa; Gulen, ElvanThis paper introduces an intelligent multimedia information system, which exploits machine learning and database technologies. The system extracts semantic contents of videos automatically by using the visual, auditory and textual modalities, then, stores the extracted contents in an appropriate format to retrieve them efficiently in subsequent requests for information. The semantic contents are extracted from these three modalities of data separately. Afterwards, the outputs from these modalities are fused to increase the accuracy of the object extraction process. The semantic contents that are extracted using the information fusion are stored in an intelligent and fuzzy object-oriented database system. In order to answer user queries efficiently, a multidimensional indexing mechanism that combines the extracted high-level semantic information with the low-level video features is developed. The proposed multimedia information system is implemented as a prototype and its performance is evaluated using news video datasets for answering content and concept-based queries considering all these modalities and their fused data. The performance results show that the developed multimedia information system is robust and scalable for large scale multimedia applications.Article Citation - WoS: 33Citation - Scopus: 41Visual and Auditory Data Fusion for Energy-Efficient and Improved Object Recognition in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks(Ieee-inst Electrical Electronics Engineers inc, 2019) Koyuncu, Murat; Yazici, Adnan; Civelek, Muhsin; Cosar, Ahmet; Sert, MustafaAutomatic threat classification without human intervention is a popular research topic in wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs) especially within the context of surveillance applications. This paper explores the effect of fusing audio-visual multimedia and scalar data collected by the sensor nodes in a WMSN for the purpose of energy-efficient and accurate object detection and classification. In order to do that, we implemented a wireless multimedia sensor node with video and audio capturing and processing capabilities in addition to traditional/ordinary scalar sensors. The multimedia sensors are kept in sleep mode in order to save energy until they are activated by the scalar sensors which are always active. The object recognition results obtained from video and audio applications are fused to increase the object recognition performance of the sensor node. Final results are forwarded to the sink in text format, and this greatly reduces the size of data transmitted in network. Performance test results of the implemented prototype system show that the fusing audio data with visual data improves automatic object recognition capability of a sensor node significantly. Since auditory data requires less processing power compared to visual data, the overhead of processing the auditory data is not high, and it helps to extend network lifetime of WMSNs.Article Citation - WoS: 23Citation - Scopus: 34Does Domain-Driven Design Lead To Finding the Optimal Modularity of a Microservice?(Ieee-inst Electrical Electronics Engineers inc, 2021) Vural, Hulya; Koyuncu, MuratInformation systems are moving into the cloud. The new requirements enforced by cloud standards are high availability, high scalability, and a reduced mean time to recovery. Due to these new requirements, information system architecture styles are also evolving. Microservice architecture is becoming the de facto standard for developing highly modular cloud information systems. Since microservices were introduced, there has been an ongoing debate concerning how to choose the granularity of a microservice. In this study, the optimal point of granularity for microservices is examined based on coupling and cohesion values. The present study is based on two design examples generated in previous studies that applied domain-driven design in proposing microservices. Both examples are modified to generate more and less granular microservices. The coupling and cohesion values of the original examples are compared to those of the more and less granular microservices. We observe that domain-driven design has delivered a good end result for finding modular microservices.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 4Intelligent Fuzzy Queries for Multimedia Databases(Wiley, 2011) Koyuncu, MuratMultimedia databases have emerged to cope up with the huge amount of multimedia data, which comes up as a result of technological advancement. However, more intelligent techniques are required to satisfy different query requirements of multimedia users. This study extends the query capability of a multimedia database through the integration of a fuzzy rule-based system. In addition to fuzzy semantic rules, which deduce new information from the data stored in the database, fuzzy spatial and temporal relations, which are inherent to multimedia applications, are defined in the rule-based system. Users can formulate fuzzy semantic, spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal queries, resulting in the deduction of new information using the rules defined in the rule-based system. With some practical examples, the paper presents how a fuzzy rule-based system integrated to a fuzzy multimedia database improves the query capabilities of the database system intelligently. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
