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Article Citation - WoS: 94Citation - Scopus: 95A New Conducting Polymer Bearing 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (bodipy) Subunit: Synthesis and Characterization(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2008) Cihaner, Atilla; Algi, FatihA new monomer system based on thiophene, pyrrole and 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene dye (SNS-BODIPY) was synthesized and its corresponding polymer (PSNS-BODIPY) was obtained via repetitive cycling or constant potential electrolysis in 0.1 M tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate dissolved in dichloromethane. The PSNS-BODIPY film has very stable and well-defined reversible redox couples during p-doping process. Multi-electrochromic polymer film has a band gap of 2.9 eV with two absorption bands in its neutral state at 351 and 525 nm, attributed to the polymer backbone and BODIPY subunits, respectively. The percentage transmittance changes between both states (neutral and oxidized) were found as 12.1% for 351 nm and 17.7% for 525 nm in the visible region as well as 46.2% for 1050 nm in the near-infrared region. Beyond the robustness, the PSNS-BODIPY film has high redox stability (retaining 53.3% of its electroactivity at 351 nm after 2000 switching) with a low response time of 1.0 s. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Master Thesis Kemilüminesans Bileşiklerin Sentezi ve Metal İyonu Tanıma ve Kan Tespitinde Kullanımları(2021) Balcı, Burcu; Cihaner, AtillaLüminesan bileşikler, geniş uygulama alanları sebebiyle son zamanlarda büyük önem kazanmıştır. Ayrıca, kemilüminesan bileşikler, yüksek lüminesans hassasiyetlerinden dolayı analitik kimyada birçok çalışmada kullanılmıştır. Bu tezde elektron verici-alıcı-verici yaklaşımı ile, isimleri 5,8-di(furan-2-il)-2,3-dihidroftalazin-1,4-dion (F2B-Lum), 5,8-di(selenofen-2-il)-2,3- dihidroftalazin-1,4-dion (S2B-Lum) ve 5,7-di(selenofen-2-il)-2,3-dihidrotiyeno[3,4-d] piridazin-1,4-dion (S2T-Lum) olan, yeni bir kemilüminesan bileşik serisi sentezlenmiştir. Yapıları NMR, FTIR ve HRMS teknikleri kullanılarak doğrulanmıştır. Daha sonra, alkali çözeltide (0,1 M NaOH(sulu)) bileşiklerin hidrojen peroksit ile farklı metal iyonları, hemin ve kan örnekleri varlığında kemilüminesans tepkimeleri araştırılmış ve sonuçlar luminol ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Beklendiği gibi, bileşiklerin bakır(II), demir(III) iyonlarına ve kana duyarlı olduğu gözlenmiştir. Yeni luminol türevleri olarak ilgili bileşiklerin, adli bilimde kan bulgularının tespiti için potansiyel adaylar olduğu sonucuna kolaylıkla varılabilir. Ek olarak, bileşiklerin bakır(II) iyonuna duyarlılığı, onları analitik uygulamalarda bakır iyonu tanıma için kullanılabilir hale getirmiştir. Ayrıca, bileşiklerin redoks davranışlarını araştırmak için döngülü voltametri tekniği kullanılmış ve tersinmez yükseltgenme sinyalleri göstermişlerdir. Ayrıca bu bileşikler kullanılarak -1.05 V'luk bir dış potansiyel uygulanarak kare dalga potansiyel yöntemi ile reaktif oksijen türleri tespit edilebilmektedir.Son olarak bileşiklerden S2T-Lum elektrokimyasal olarak başarılı bir şekilde polimerleştirilmiştir. İlgili polimer PS2T-Lum, elektroaktif olduğu ve polimerik yapısında kemilüminesan aktif uzantılar taşıdığı için luminol tipi polimerlerin değerli bir üyesi olabilir.Article Citation - WoS: 11Citation - Scopus: 12Ag Nanostructures on a Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene) Film Prepared With Electrochemical Route: a Controllable Roughened Sers Substrate With High Repeatability and Stability(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2012) Dogan, Uzeyir; Kaya, Murat; Cihaner, Atilla; Volkan, MurvetA simple, reliable and reproducible one-step electrochemical method for the preparation of surface-enhanced Raman-active polymer-mediated silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on planar indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates was reported. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) film was used as a support material for dispersing nanostructured silver nanostructures on the surface homogeneously, since 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomer polymerizes regioregularly. The optical properties and morphologies of the silver substrates have been investigated by ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The UV-vis and FE-SEM results revealed that the Ag nanostructures separately appeared on the PEDOT coated ITO after reduction. The effect of the thickness of PEDOT polymer film, reduction potential of silver, the concentration of silver ion solution and the amount of silver particle on the polymer film on the SERS response were studied as well as repeatability and temporal stability of prepared substrates. Brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) has been used as Raman probes to evaluate the properties of the new SERS substrates. Signals collected over multiple spots within the same substrate resulted in a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 9.34%, while an RSD of 11.05% was measured in signals collected from different substrates. The SERS-active substrates were robust and stable which lost only 5.71% of initial intensity after 1 month. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 7Citation - Scopus: 9Pyrrole Coupling Chemistry: Investigation of Electroanalytic, Spectroscopic and Thermal Properties of N-Substituted Poly(bis-Pyrrole) Films(Royal Soc Chemistry, 2013) Mert, Olcay; Demir, Ayhan S.; Cihaner, AtillaAn etheric member of N-linked polybispyrroles (PolybisPy) based on 1-(3-(2-(2-(3-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)propoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)propyl)-1H-pyrrole (1) was electrochemically synthesized for the versatile investigation of its exciting electrochromic and ion receptor properties. It has been fully characterized by electroanalytic, spectroscopic, thermal, and four-probe techniques. It was thereby found that P1 shows strong stability, and a reversible redox process as well as a good electrochromic material property; transparent yellow in the neutral state, light pink in the intermediate state, and blue in the oxidized state. Also, the corresponding polymer (P1) exhibited a selective voltammetric response towards Na+ among the alkali series in an organic medium. Moreover, P1 film was employed for the detection of Ag+ ions in the solution with cyclic voltammetry without precipitants or complexing ligands, and SEM images confirmed the deposition of metallic silver on the film surface. These prominent features also make P1 a good candidate for many practical uses, such as the recovery of metals and ion sensors.Master Thesis Kan İzlerinin Tespiti: Luminol-türü Bir Bileşik Sentezi ve Karakterizasyonu(2021) Kesimal, Büşra; Cihaner, AtillaLuminol başta adli-tıp olmak üzere analitik ölçümler dâhil birçok alanda kullanılan bir bileşiktir. Luminolün birçok alanda kullanılması ve bazı dezavantajlara sahip olması nedeniyle yeni luminol-tipi bileşiklerin sentezlenmesi büyük önem kazanmıştır. Bu tezde piridazin halkası içeren trimerik kemilüminesans 5,8-di(tiyofen-2-il)-2,3-dihidroftalazin-1,4-dion (T2B-Lum) bileşiği üzerinde çalışılmıştır. Sentez ve karakterizasyondan sonra, bileşiğin kemilüminesans tepkimeleri bazik ortamda (0,1 M sodium hidroksit çözeltisinde) farklı yükseltgenler (hidrojen peroksit, potasyum permanganat, potasyum dikromat) ile incelenmiştir. Sonrasında, T2B-Lum'un optiksel özelliği ve hidrojen peroksit ile beraber alkali ortamda farklı metal iyonlarının varlığında kemilüminesans tepkimesi çalışılmıştır. T2B-Lum'un diklorometan içerisinde 262 ve 330 nm'de iki soğurma bandı olup uyarıldığında 495 nm'de yeşil ışık yayar. Luminolün kuantum verimi %100 olarak alındığında diklorometan içerisinde T2B-Lum'un kuantum verimi %15,11 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Diğer bir taraftan, bazı metal katyonlarının, özellikle bakır(II) iyonlarının, kemilüminesans tepkimeyi katalizlediği gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca kemilüminesans ışımanın demir(III) iyonu ile katalizlendiği gözlenmiştir. Bu gözlemden sonra alkali çözeltide T2B-Lum'un hidrojen peroksit ile kemilüminesans davranımları katalizör olarak kullanılan hemin ve kan örneklerinin varlığında çalışılmıştır çünkü bu örnekler demir iyonları içermektedir. Son olarak T2B-Lum'un iyon tanıma özelliği incelenmiştir. Diğer metal katyonları (gümüş(I), kadmiyum(II), kobalt(II), demir(III), lityum(I), magnezyum(II), manganez(II), nikel(II), çinko(II)) dışında, T2B-Lum'un 2.2×10-3 M'lık bir saptama sınır değeriyle bakır iyonuna duyarlı olduğu gözlenmiştir.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 3Impedance Spectroscopy of N-Substituted Oligo-Oxyethylene Polypyrrole Films(John Wiley & Sons inc, 2008) Cihaner, Atilla; Onal, Ahmet M.The electrochemical properties of neutral (dedoped) and oxidized (doped) poly(1,11-bis(1,1-pyrrole)-3,6,9-trioxaundecane) (poly-I) film electrodes were investigated using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. Poly-I was deposited on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) from acetonitrile solution containing 5.0 x 10(-3) M 1,11-bis(1,1-pyrrole)-3,6,9-trioxaundecane (I) and 0.1 M LiClO4 supporting electrolyte. Doped poly-I exhibits a single semicircle in its complex-capacitance plots, indicating a single dominant ion transport process, together with high capacitance values. These features make this polymer film a candidate for an energy storage material. Also, poly-I can be a candidate as a sensory material for the detection of Ag+ based on impedance parameters. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Article Citation - WoS: 30Citation - Scopus: 31A New Low-Voltage Polymeric Electrochromic(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2010) Pamuk, Melek; Tirkes, Seha; Cihaner, Atilla; Algi, FatihDesign, synthesis, and properties of a novel donor-acceptor-donor type low-voltage-driven green polymeric electrochrome, P1, which is based on 8-(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxin-5-yl)-11-(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][l,4]dioxin-7-yl)acenaphtho[1,2-b]quinoxaline (1) are highlighted. It is noted that P1 has an ambipolar (n- and p-doping processes) character in 0.1 M tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate/dichloromethame solution and switches to a transmissive blue state upon oxidation. Furthermore, this new polymeric electrochromic candidate exhibits high redox stability, high coloration efficiency and/or contrast ratio, high percent transmittance (%T) and low response time (1.0 s) with a band gap of 1.10 eV-1.25 eV. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 6An Electrochromic Polymer Based on Cyclopenta[2,1-B;3,4 Effect of a Single Atom Alteration on the Electrochemical and Optical Properties of the Polymer Backbone(Elsevier Science Sa, 2020) Tutuncu, Esra; Varlik, Bengisu; Kesimal, Busra; Cihaner, Atilla; Ozkut, Merve IcliAn electrochromic polymer, namely "poly(2,6-(3,3-didecyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno [3,4-b] [1,4]dioxepin-6-yl)-4,4-dioctyl-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b']dithiophene)" (P1), was electrochemically synthesized successfully, and its electrochemical and optical properties were investigated. The band gap of the polymer P1 was calculated as 1.77 eV with -5.45 eV Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) and -3.68 eV Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) energy levels. The polymer P1 is bluish purple when neutralized and highly transparent greenish purple when oxidized. This color change was observed around 1.4 s between its redox states and optical contrast ratio was found to be as 49 % and 53 % with 234 cm(2)/C and 239 cm(2)/C coloration efficiencies at 590 nm and 634 nm, respectively. Moreover, the properties of this polymer were compared to its analogues and also during this comparison the effect of alteration of a single atom in the pendant unit was tried to be understood.Article Citation - WoS: 20Citation - Scopus: 22Electrochemical and Optical Properties of an Azo Dye Based Conducting Copolymer(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2009) Cihaner, Atilla; Algi, FatihThe electrochemical and optical properties of a novel conducting copolymer called poly(2,5'-dimethyl-[4-(2,5-di-thiophen-2-yl-pyrrol-1-yl)-phenyl]azobenzene-co-(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)) (poly(1-co-EDOT)) are reported. Electrochemically synthesized poly(1-co-EDOT) based on the azo dye has a well-defined and reversible redox couple (0.37 V vs. Ag/AgCl) with good cycle stability. The copolymer film exhibits high conductivity (13 S/cm) as well as electrochromic behavior (magenta when neutralized and transmissive sky blue when oxidized). Furthermore, electro-optically active copolymer film has a low band gap of 1.79 eV with a pi-pi* transition at 555 nm.Article Side Chain Effect on the Electrochemical and Optical Properties of Tpd Based Donor Acceptor Donor Type Monomers and Polymers(Molecular Systems Design and Engineering, 2023) Çakal, Deniz; Demir Arabacı, Elif; Yıldırım, Erol; Cihaner, Atilla; Önal, Ahmet M.In organic π-conjugated materials, side chains play great roles that are far beyond solubility. In this work, we mainly focused on the synthesis of new donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) type conjugated monomers and their corresponding polymers appending TPD acceptor with a new side chain, fluorene, to investigate the side chain effect. In this context, to reveal the precise effect of the side chains on the optical and electrochemical properties of the monomers and polymers synthesized in this work, four series of D-A-D monomers, each containing a TPD core unit with a different side chain, have been discussed in comparison to each other. Notably, it was discovered that TPD acceptor unit can be modified by any functional group other than common alkyl chains to impart new functionalities by keeping their superior optoelectronic properties. New kind of side chains can be used to tune the physical characteristics such as solubility, absorption, emission and molecular packing. In this paper, fluorene-appended monomers as a new class of D-A-D type π-conjugated molecules were studied and it was found that E(Fl) and P(Fl) exhibited resonable quantum yields and their corresponding polymers revealed ambipolar character with slightly lower band gap as compared to the previous analougs containing other side chains. Observed experimental results were elucidated by first principle calculations. In this paper, we discussed that using side chain engineering is an effective strategy to improve next-generation organic π-conjugated materials with the desired properties.
