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Conference Object Citation - Scopus: 2Insights From Eye-Movement Events in an Educational Computer-Based Environment (ece) for Endo-Neurosurgery Training Considering Gender, Hand Condition and Scenario Effects(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2018) Dalveren,G.G.M.; Cagiltay,N.E.Surgical residents of endo-neurosurgery are required to develop several surgical skills such as eye-hand coordination, ability to use both hand coordination, and depth perception. During the process of gaining these skills, there are several effective factors on the individual performance such as gender, nature of the scenarios and hand condition that can be important to better organize appropriate training programs. Earlier studies show that, surgeons' mental workload show differences according to the difficulty levels of the tasks and hand conditions during the operations. Also there are some evidences showing that male surgeons performing the surgical tasks with a better performance compared to the females. However, in the literature there are not many studies conducted to better understand these effects by analyzing the eye-movements on simulation-based surgical training environments. This study aims to understand the mental workload and gender differences from fixation number and fixation duration eye-movement events. In this study four different computer-based-simulation scenarios which are developed for an Educational Computer-based-simulation Environment (ECE) for endo-neurosurgery training have been performed by 23 (3 female) surgical residents. Participants have performed each scenario in different hand conditions (dominant, non-dominant and both hand). While surgical residents were performing the scenarios their eye-movements were recorded by an eye-tracker. The Binocular Individual Threshold (BIT) classification algorithm was used for eye-movement event classification. According to the results of fixation number and fixation duration events in these four scenarios, hand conditions, scenario fidelity levels and gender are found to be important factors that make changes on mental workload of surgical residents. It can be concluded that, in non-dominant and both hand conditions mental workload increases according to the dominant hand condition. Additionally results show that scenario fidelity levels and gender have an effect on the eye-movements of surgical residents. © 2018 IEEE.Conference Object Citation - Scopus: 2Personality Type Indicator Models in Serious Games: a Case Study in a Surgical Navigation Game(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2015) Menekse,G.G.; Cagiltay,N.E.; Ozcelik,E.Serious games are a popular concept in both the research and commercial areas. It is agreed that the concept refers to the use of computer games without the main purpose of pure entertainment. In addition to being entertaining, they have some additional educational or training objectives as well. Serious games are used in different areas such as military, government, educational, corporate, and healthcare. However, according to their individual differences, it is not always possible to provide such an educational environment that fits expectations and preferences of all audience. Hence, personalization is becoming an essential issue in serious game environments, which focus on a human-centered paradigm aiming to provide adaptive and personalized services to the users according to the context. However, how such a personalization should be affectively implemented in the design of serious games is a challenge. This study aims to better understand the affect of personality types on game play. For this purpose, a game-based simulation environment which also records all details of the player during the performance of several tasks in the game play was used. Twenty nine students were asked to play the simulation game. Additionally, their personality types were collected based on the theory of psychological types by Carl Jung, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) which measures personality preferences as defined by Four Dichotomous pairs of mental functions or attitudes. The correlation between these personality types and individual performance measures of players during the game play was analyzed. However no significant correlation between game parameters and the players' personality types has been recorded. This may be because of the limited number of participants that need to be examined in the future studies. © 2015 IEEE.Conference Object Insights From Eye-Movement Events in an Educational Computer-Based Environment (ece) for Endo-Neurosurgery Training Considering Gender, Hand Condition and Scenario Effects(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2018) Dalveren,G.G.M.; Cagiltay,N.E.Surgical residents of endo-neurosurgery are required to develop several surgical skills such as eye-hand coordination, ability to use both hand coordination, and depth perception. During the process of gaining these skills, there are several effective factors on the individual performance such as gender, nature of the scenarios and hand condition that can be important to better organize appropriate training programs. Earlier studies show that, surgeons' mental workload show differences according to the difficulty levels of the tasks and hand conditions during the operations. Also there are some evidences showing that male surgeons performing the surgical tasks with a better performance compared to the females. However, in the literature there are not many studies conducted to better understand these effects by analyzing the eye-movements on simulation-based surgical training environments. This study aims to understand the mental workload and gender differences from fixation number and fixation duration eye-movement events. In this study four different computer-based-simulation scenarios which are developed for an Educational Computer-based-simulation Environment (ECE) for endo-neurosurgery training have been performed by 23 (3 female) surgical residents. Participants have performed each scenario in different hand conditions (dominant, non-dominant and both hand). While surgical residents were performing the scenarios their eye-movements were recorded by an eye-tracker. The Binocular Individual Threshold (BIT) classification algorithm was used for eye-movement event classification. According to the results of fixation number and fixation duration events in these four scenarios, hand conditions, scenario fidelity levels and gender are found to be important factors that make changes on mental workload of surgical residents. It can be concluded that, in non-dominant and both hand conditions mental workload increases according to the dominant hand condition. Additionally results show that scenario fidelity levels and gender have an effect on the eye-movements of surgical residents. © 2018 IEEE.Conference Object Simulation Based Surgical Education Programs and Hand Performance;(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2017) Eyuboglu,B.G.; Topalli,D.; Cagiltay,N.E.; Tonbul,G.The performance of the left- and right-hands of a person may be different from each other. In general, people use one hand with a superior performance compared to the other hand where that hand is preferred for performing daily activities. It is critical to understand their preference for right or left hand use, especially in cases where the skills should be improved to use both hands precisely in activities required special abilities such as endoscopic surgical operations. A better understanding of these cases will improve the quality of existing surgical education programs, and make a major contribution specifically in designing, improving and managing of simulation-based instructional technologies. In this study, the right- and left-hand preferences (handedness) of people are analyzed from the literature and a simulation-based experimental study is conducted in order to examine the performance differences of the participants while using their right and left hands. The results of this study aimed to guide the curriculum designers and instructional system developers for better designing and developing simulation-based surgical education programs. © 2016 IEEE.
