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Review Citation - WoS: 4Citation - Scopus: 4Comparative Analysis of Space Efficiency in Skyscrapers With Prismatic, Tapered, and Free Forms(Mdpi, 2024) Ilgin, Huseyin Emre; Aslantamer, Ozlem NurThis study offers a thorough comparative analysis of space efficiency in skyscrapers across three distinct forms: prismatic, tapered, and free. By examining case studies from each form category, this research investigates how architectural and structural design features impact space utilization in supertall towers. The findings reveal form-based differences in space efficiency and design element usage. In prismatic skyscrapers, which are primarily residential and utilize concrete outrigger frames, the average space efficiency was around 72%, with the core occupying 24% of the gross floor area (GFA). Tapered skyscrapers, commonly mixed-use with composite outrigger frames, showed an average space efficiency of over 70%, with a core-to-GFA ratio of 26%. Freeform towers, often mixed-use and using composite outrigger frames, demonstrated a space efficiency of 71%, with an average core-to-GFA ratio of 26%. Despite these variations, a consistent trend emerged: as the height of a building increases, there is a general decline in space efficiency, highlighting the challenges in optimizing space in taller structures. This analysis adds to the understanding of skyscraper design and space utilization, providing important insights for architects and urban planners aiming to improve the efficiency of future high-rise developments.Article Shanghai's High-Rise Buildings: Exploring Space Efficiency, Structural Systems, Forms, Materials and Core Designs(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2026) Aktas, Kurt Orkun; Aslantamer, Ozlem Nur; Aktas, Gozen Guner; Ilgin, Huseyin EmreThis study examines the architectural and structural design considerations influencing space efficiency in Shanghai's high-rise buildings. Understanding space efficiency is significant because it directly affects land-use intensity, economic returns, and sustainability outcomes. The objective of this study is to quantify space efficiency ratios by analyzing the relationships between core types, function, form, and structural systems, and assess temporal and comparative benchmarks for Shanghai within the global context. The novelty lies in its combined focus on architectural and structural determinants of space efficiency, supported by data on 43 high-rise buildings in Shanghai. Methodologically, this study relies on quantitative analysis of Net Floor Area (NFA), Gross Floor Area (GFA), and core ratios, supplemented with comparative evaluation of building forms, materials, and structural systems. The key findings reveal: (1) average space efficiency at 75% with core-to-GFA ratios of 23%, varying between 52-93% and 5-33% respectively; (2) the dominance of prismatic forms supported by composite outriggered frame systems; (3) a decline in efficiency with increasing building height due to larger service cores. Practically, this research highlights opportunities for stakeholders - including architects, engineers, and policymakers - to adopt lightweight materials, prefabrication techniques, and smart building systems that improve space efficiency in future high-rise developments.Article Analyzing Space Efficiency in Japanese Tall Buildings(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Ilgin, Huseyin Emre; Aslantamer, Ozlem NurSpace efficiency in Japanese tall buildings holds substantial significance, shaped by financial, societal, and environmental imperatives. Nevertheless, comprehensive studies addressing spatial efficiency in such towers remain scarce. To bridge this gap, this article undertakes a quantitative spatial analysis of 40 Japanese tall buildings through BIM/CAD-based floor plan evaluations and comparison of net-to-gross and core-to-GFA efficiency ratios. Key findings include: (1) mixed-use and office typologies, central cores, and prismatic massing dominate contemporary Japanese high-rise design; (2) composite structures with shear-walled frame systems are prevalent; and (3) the average net-to-gross ratio is 75%, with core areas occupying 23% of total GFA. The efficiency metrics range from 64% to 85% for net-to-gross ratios, and from 13% to 34% for core-to-GFA ratios. This research offers practical insights for stakeholders - especially architects and planners - to support more efficient and sustainable high-rise design strategies in Japan.
