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Article Shanghai's High-Rise Buildings: Exploring Space Efficiency, Structural Systems, Forms, Materials and Core Designs(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2026) Aktas, Kurt Orkun; Aslantamer, Ozlem Nur; Aktas, Gozen Guner; Ilgin, Huseyin EmreThis study examines the architectural and structural design considerations influencing space efficiency in Shanghai's high-rise buildings. Understanding space efficiency is significant because it directly affects land-use intensity, economic returns, and sustainability outcomes. The objective of this study is to quantify space efficiency ratios by analyzing the relationships between core types, function, form, and structural systems, and assess temporal and comparative benchmarks for Shanghai within the global context. The novelty lies in its combined focus on architectural and structural determinants of space efficiency, supported by data on 43 high-rise buildings in Shanghai. Methodologically, this study relies on quantitative analysis of Net Floor Area (NFA), Gross Floor Area (GFA), and core ratios, supplemented with comparative evaluation of building forms, materials, and structural systems. The key findings reveal: (1) average space efficiency at 75% with core-to-GFA ratios of 23%, varying between 52-93% and 5-33% respectively; (2) the dominance of prismatic forms supported by composite outriggered frame systems; (3) a decline in efficiency with increasing building height due to larger service cores. Practically, this research highlights opportunities for stakeholders - including architects, engineers, and policymakers - to adopt lightweight materials, prefabrication techniques, and smart building systems that improve space efficiency in future high-rise developments.Article Analyzing Space Efficiency in Japanese Tall Buildings(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Ilgin, Huseyin Emre; Aslantamer, Ozlem NurSpace efficiency in Japanese tall buildings holds substantial significance, shaped by financial, societal, and environmental imperatives. Nevertheless, comprehensive studies addressing spatial efficiency in such towers remain scarce. To bridge this gap, this article undertakes a quantitative spatial analysis of 40 Japanese tall buildings through BIM/CAD-based floor plan evaluations and comparison of net-to-gross and core-to-GFA efficiency ratios. Key findings include: (1) mixed-use and office typologies, central cores, and prismatic massing dominate contemporary Japanese high-rise design; (2) composite structures with shear-walled frame systems are prevalent; and (3) the average net-to-gross ratio is 75%, with core areas occupying 23% of total GFA. The efficiency metrics range from 64% to 85% for net-to-gross ratios, and from 13% to 34% for core-to-GFA ratios. This research offers practical insights for stakeholders - especially architects and planners - to support more efficient and sustainable high-rise design strategies in Japan.Article Evaluating Space Efficiency Practices in Tehran's High-Rise Buildings: A Structural and Architectural Perspective(Wiley, 2025) Mazaherylaghab, Hamed; Haghi, Marzieh; Ilgin, Huseyin Emre; Aslantamer, Ozlem NurSpatial efficiency in Tehran's high-rise building design is shaped by a complex blend of multiple factors such as architectural and structural considerations. Tehran's innovative and flexible strategies have allowed the city to address the complexities of high-rise design considerations, resulting in the creation of some of the most progressive and sustainable tall buildings in the Middle East. However, detailed studies on space utilization in Tehran's tall towers remain scarce. This article addresses this gap by analyzing 48 case study towers, revealing key trends such as the dominance of residential functions, central core designs, prismatic forms, and the frequent use of steel rigid frame systems. The analysis revealed an average spatial efficiency of 91% in Tehran's towers, with a core-to-GFA (gross floor area) ratio of only 6%, exceeding typical efficiency ratios observed in other regions, though shaped by Tehran's specific urban and economic context. These findings promote sustainability and provide crucial insights for construction professionals, supporting the informed decision-making process for tall building projects in Tehran and other densely urbanized areas.
