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Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1Installation and Performance of the 3rd Veto Plane at the SND@LHC Detector(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2025) Abbaneo, D.; Acampora, G.; Ahmad, S.; Albanese, R.; Alexandrov, A.; Alicante, F.; Zamora Saa, J.During 2022/2023 the optimal inefficiency of the Veto system of the SND@LHC detector was measured to be (7.8 +/- 2.8) x 10(-8). To reduce this inefficiency, a third Veto plane was installed during the 2023-2024 Year End Technical Stop. In addition, the Veto system was lowered to cover the target fully, thereby increasing acceptance. This paper describes how the inefficiency of the Veto system was reduced from (7.8 +/- 2.8) x 10(-8) with an acceptance of about 64% of the target area in 2022-2023 to (4.9 +/- 1.9) x 10(-9) on the full area in 2024.Article The SND@LHC Neutron Shielding(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2025) Zamora-Saa, J. A.; Abbaneo, D.; Ahmad, S.; Albanese, R.; Alexandrov, A.; Alicante, F.; Zaffaroni, E.This paper presents the design, construction, and simulation-based validation of the ColdBox, a combined neutron shielding and insulating enclosure for the Scattering and Neutrino Detector at the LHC (SND@LHC). The emulsion films in the detector's target region require protection from the intense neutron radiation background and a stable environment of 15 +/- 1 degrees C and 50-55% relative humidity for long-term stability. The ColdBox meets these requirements through a dual-layer structure: an external 5 cm plexiglass wall to moderate fast neutrons, and an internal 4 cm layer of borated polyethylene (with 35% boron content) to capture thermal neutrons. The mechanical design, based on a robust aluminum frame, accommodates the constraints of the TI18 tunnel. FLUKA simulations were used to optimize the shielding configuration, showing a significant reduction in the neutron flux, with a simulated ratio of shielded to unshielded thermal neutron fluence of 2.3 x 10(-3). This result is consistent with initial measurements from BatMon detectors. The design also provides a sealed volume for a cooling system to maintain the required temperature and humidity, ensuring the necessary conditions for the emulsion films' integrity.Article Citation - Scopus: 2Observation of Collider Neutrinos without Final State Muons with the SND at LHC Experiment(American Physical Society, 2025) Abbaneo, D.; Ahmad, S.; Albanese, R.; Alexandrov, A.; Alicante, F.; Androsov, K.; Zamora-Saá, J.; Zamora Saa, J.We report the observation of neutrino interactions without final state muons at the LHC, with a significance of 6.4σ. A dataset of proton-proton collisions at s=13.6 TeV collected by SND@LHC in 2022 and 2023 is used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 68.6 fb-1. Neutrino interactions without a reconstructed muon are selected, resulting in an event sample consisting mainly of neutral-current and electron neutrino charged-current interactions in the detector. After selection cuts, 9 neutrino interaction candidate events are observed with an estimated background of 0.32 events. © 2025 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.
