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Article Citation - WoS: 45Citation - Scopus: 45An Ambipolar Low Band Gap Material Based on Bodipy and Edot(Elsevier Science Bv, 2009) Algi, Fatih; Cihaner, AtillaA novel donor-acceptor type conducting polymer based on BODIPY dye as acceptor and EDOT units as donor parts is synthesized electrochemically. The unique combination of BODIPY and EDOT units provides an ambipolar (n- and p-doping processes) low band gap material (4). This is the first example of p-n junction in an organic pi-conjugated material where BODIPY unit is incorporated directly in the main chain. Furthermore, the polymer film exhibits electrochromic behavior upon p-doping: a color change from light violet (neutral) to indigo (oxidized). (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 61Citation - Scopus: 72A Blue To Highly Transmissive Soluble Electrochromic Polymer Based on Poly(3,4-Propylenedioxyselenophene) With a High Stability and Coloration Efficiency(Royal Soc Chemistry, 2011) Ozkut, Merve Icli; Atak, Samed; Onal, Ahmet M.; Cihaner, AtillaThe optical and electrochemical properties of a regioregular and soluble alkylenedioxyselenophene-based electrochromic polymer, namely poly(3,3-didecyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-selenopheno[3,4-b][1,4] dioxepine (PProDOS-C-10), which is synthesized by electrochemical polymerization, are highlighted. It is noted that this unique polymer has a low band gap (1.58 eV) and is exceptionally stable under ambient atmospheric conditions. Polymer films retain 97% of their electroactivity after 40 000 cycles. The percentage transmittance of a PProDOS-C10 film was found to be 56.4% at 638 nm and 55.8% at 700 nm. Furthermore, this novel soluble PProDOS-C10 polymer shows an electrochromic behavior: a color change from pure blue to a highly transparent state in a low switching time (1.0 s) during oxidation, with high coloration efficiencies (328 cm 2 C-1 at 638 nm and 319 cm(2) C-1 at 700 nm) when compared to its thiophene analogue.Article Citation - WoS: 11Citation - Scopus: 13A Low Band Gap Polymer Based on Selenophene and Benzobis (thiadiazole)(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2017) Abdulrazzaq, Mohammed; Ozkut, Merve Icli; Gokce, Gurcan; Ertan, Salih; Tutuncu, Esra; Cihaner, AtillaA new derivative of benzobis(thiadiazole) based donor-acceptor-donor type monomers, namely 4,7-di (selenophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-c;4,5-c']bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole (SeBTSe), was synthesized and its polymerization was carried out successfully via electrochemical polymerization in an electrolyte solution of 0.1 M tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate dissolved in dichloromethane. The monomer SeBTSe is a deep red chromophore and it has four redox states: one oxidation, one neutral and two reduction states. The electrochemical behaviour of the corresponding polymer called PSeBTSe was studied by cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry. There is a good agreement between electrochemical (0.62-0.66 eV) and optical (0.63 eV) bandgaps of the polymer. Like the monomer, the ambipolar polymer has four redox states and electrochromic properties: gray beige at neutral state, smoky azurite at oxidized state, beige at first reduced state and dark beige at second reduced state. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 24Citation - Scopus: 25A Novel Conducting Polymer Based on Terthienyl System Bearing Strong Electron-Withdrawing Substituents and Its Electrochromic Device Application(Elsevier Science Sa, 2008) Asil, Demet; Cihaner, Atilla; Algi, Fatih; Onal, Ahmet M.A novel conducting polymer bearing strong electron-withdrawing substituents (EWS) directly attached to the 3,4-positions of the thiophene ring was synthesized by electrochemical polymerization of diethyl 2,5-di(thiophen-2-yl)thiophene-3,4-dicarboxylate (SSS-Diester). The polymer (PSSS-Diester) was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, FT-IR and UV-vis spectroscopy. The polymer has a reversible redox process and demonstrates a stable electrochromic behavior: reddish orange in the neutral state, brown in the intermediate state and green in the oxidized state. Optical density and response time of the dual-type electrochromic device based on PSSS-Diester were found to be 0.23 and 0.6 s at 623 nm, respectively. It is also noteworthy that the device shows good environmental and redox stability (i.e. 94% of the optical activity of the device retained after 500th switch). (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 45Citation - Scopus: 47An Electroactive Polymeric Material and Its Voltammetric Response Towards Alkali Metal Cations in Neat Water(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2008) Algi, Fatih; Cihaner, AtillaThe syntheses and characterization of a unique system based on thiophene, pyrrole and benzo-15-crown-5 (SNS-Crown) and its corresponding polymer (PSNS-Crown) are reported. Furthermore, selective, clear and reversible voltammetric responses of the conjugated polymer (PSNS-Crown) film towards the alkali series Li+, Na+ and K+ in both neat water and organic media (ethanol) are described. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 4Citation - Scopus: 4Template-free microsphere and hollow sphere formation of polymethylanilines(Wiley, 2009) Icli, Merve; Onal, Ahmet M.; Cihaner, AtillaBACKGROUND: Microsphere and/or hollow sphere formation of methyl-substituted polyaniline derivatives was investigated via chemical polymerization where different sets of conditions were examined. It was found that a variety of parameters (e.g. types and concentrations of monomer and oxidant, polymerization time, solvent with and without acid) have a crucial influence on the morphology of the resulting polyaniline derivatives. RESULTS: Structures with desired morphologies (with or without microspheres and hollow spheres) may be obtained in a controlled manner by changing the parameters. Moreover, the electrochemical and optical properties of the polymers in the presence of acid and/or base were investigated via cyclic voltammetry and UV-visible and electron spin resonance spectroscopic techniques. It is noteworthy that the morphologies of microspheres and/or hollow spheres remained unchanged after repeated acid and base treatments. CONCLUSION: Micro/hollow spherical structures were successfully prepared via chemical polymerization of various substituted anilines by using ammonium persulfate as oxidant. It was found that the type of oxidant and monomers along with the polymerization time are quite important factors for the formation of micro/hollow spheres. Furthermore, hydrogen bond formation does not play any crucial role for the formation of these spheres. Chemically and electrochemically doped/dedoped states of microspheres and/or hollow spheres are very sensitive, and give rapid response towards vapours of HCl and NH3, which makes them amenable for use in sensors. (c) 2009 Society of Chemical IndustryArticle Citation - WoS: 30Citation - Scopus: 31Synthesis and Properties of 4,4-Difluoro (bodipy)-Based Conducting Copolymers(Elsevier, 2009) Cihaner, Atilla; Algi, FatihThe synthesis, characterization and engineering of a novel polymer based on a unique combination of 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-(4-nitro-phenyl)-2,6-bis(2-thienyl)-4,4-difluoroboradiazaindacene and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene are highlighted. It was found that the polymer represents an environmentally robust electroactive material bearing high stability, well-defined quasi-reversible redox couple, and fast response time between redox states as well as high coloration efficiency. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 3Effect of Phthalimide and Thieno[3,4-C]pyrrole Acceptors on P-Conjugated Donor-Acceptor Monomers: Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of Photophysical and Electrochemical Properties(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2023) Cakal, Deniz; Arabaci, Elif Demir; Yildirim, Erol; Cihaner, Atilla; Onal, Ahmet M.In this study, two novel donor-acceptor-donor monomers were synthesized by coupling a phthalimide (PI) acceptor unit with thiophene (T) and ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT (E)) donor units. These two novel PI-based monomers, namely 2-(2-ethylhexyl)-4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (T-PI) and 4,7-bis(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b] [1,4]dioxin-5-yl)-2-(2-ethylhexyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (E-PI), were fully characterized via UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as electrochemical methods, and the results were directly compared with those of previously synthesized thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione (TPD)-based analogues to report the results for four classes of monomers. In this regard, the ef-fects of different donor groups and structural modifications in the acceptor unit as changed from PI to TPD have been investigated to reveal the precise effect of the donor and acceptor on the optical and electrochemical properties of the monomers. All monomers exhibits an intramolecular charge transfer band in the low energy region due to strong donor and acceptor interactions. The oxidation and reduction potentials of the monomers are found to vary depending on the strengths of both donor and acceptor units. PI-based monomers show more positive oxidation and less negative reduction potentials than TPD-based analogues. Similarly, thiophene-based analogues reveal the same trend in their oxidation and reduction potentials as compared to EDOT-based analogues. Lastly, PI-based monomers could not undergo polymerization via electrochemical method, unlike TPD-based monomers, since the dihedral angle arising between donor and PI acceptor disturbs molecular planarity significantly, as demonstrated by first principle calculations.(C) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 52Citation - Scopus: 59Furan and benzochalcogenodiazole based multichromic polymers via a donor-acceptor approach(Royal Soc Chemistry, 2013) Icli-Ozkut, Merve; Ipek, Halil; Karabay, Baris; Cihaner, Atilla; Onal, Ahmet M.Two new furan and benzochalcogenodiazole based monomers, namely 4,7-di(furan-2-yl) benzo[c][1,2,5]-selenadiazole (FSeF) and 4,7-di(furan-2-yl) benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (FSF), were designed and synthesized via a donor-acceptor-donor approach. The monomers were electrochemically polymerized via potentiodynamic or potentiostatic methods. The monomers and their polymers exhibited lower oxidation potentials (1.16 V and 1.06 V for monomers; 0.93 V and 0.80 V for polymers vs. Ag/AgCl) and red shifts of the whole dual-band absorption spectra upon moving from S to Se. Intramolecular charge transfer properties of the monomers and the polymers were demonstrated by using electroanalytical and optical methods. Also, the polymers PFSeF and PFSF were multicolored at different redox states and have low band gaps of 1.43 eV and 1.61 eV, respectively.Article Citation - WoS: 11Citation - Scopus: 14Electrochemical Synthesis of New Conducting Copolymers Containing Pseudo-Polyether Cages With Pyrrole(Elsevier Science Sa, 2007) Cihaner, AtillaConducting copolymers have been synthesized via electrochemical oxidation of pyrrole (Py) in the presence of monomer 1, 11 -bis(1,1-pyrrole)-3,6,9-trioxaundecane (I) in an electrolytic solution containing 0.1 M tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate (TBAPF(6)) dissolved in acetonitrile. It is observed that reversible redox behavior of poly(I-co-Py)s shifts to more positive potentials with the increasing amount of I in the comonomer mixture, indicating formation of a copolymer. It is also found that increasing the ratio of I in the comonomer mixture decreases the conductivity of the obtained polymer films. The dark electrical conductivity measurements in the temperature range of 300-100 K revealed the extrinsic type of conduction with activation energy values being in the range of 82.3-16.9 meV. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
