Scopus

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://ada.atilim.edu.tr/handle/123456789/19

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Citation Count: 16
Applicability of Weyuker's Properties on OO Metrics: Some Misunderstandings
(Comsis Consortium, 2008) Misra, Sanjay; Akman, Ibrahim; Computer Engineering
Weyuker's properties have been suggested as a guiding tool in identification of a good and comprehensive complexity measure by several researchers. Weyuker proposed nine properties to evaluate complexity measure for traditional programming. However, they are extensively used for evaluating object-oriented (OO) metrics, although the object-oriented features are entirely different in nature. In this paper, two recently reported OO metrics were evaluated and, based on it; the usefulness and relevance of these properties for evaluation purpose for object-oriented systems is discussed.
Citation Count: 3
Assessing Software Quality Using the Markov Decision Processes
(Wiley-blackwell, 2014) Korkmaz, Omer; Akman, Ibrahim; Ostrovska, Sofiya; Mathematics; Computer Engineering
Quality of software is one of the most critical concerns in software system development, and many products fail to meet the quality objectives when constructed initially. Software quality is highly affected by the development process's actual dynamics. This article proposes the use of the Markov decision process (MDP) for the assessment of software quality because MDP is a useful technique to abstract the model of dynamics of the development process and to test its impact on quality. Additionally, the MDP modeling of the dynamics leads to early prediction of the quality, from the design phases all the way through the different stages of development. The proposed approach is based on the stochastic nature of the software development process, including project architecture, construction strategy of Software Quality Assurance system, its qualification actions, and team assignment strategy. It accepts these factors as inputs, generating a relative quality degree as an output. The proposed approach has been demonstrated for the design phase with a case study taken from the literature. The results prove its robustness and capability to identify appropriate policies in terms of quality, cost, and time. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Citation Count: 1
A Cognitive Model for Meetings in the Software Development Process
(Wiley, 2014) Misra, Sanjay; Akman, Ibrahim; Computer Engineering
Meetings are at the heart of the software development process (SDP) and can be of different types. The present article first proposes an abstract cognitive model for meetings, which represents how different types of meetings are affected by cognitive activities at different stages within the SDP. Second, and based on the analysis of meetings at different stages of SDP, it proposes the removal of such meetings from some of the stages within the program by using a cognitive evaluation model for meetings and their replacement, instead, with information and communication technology tools and techniques by means of a cognitive evaluation model. The abstract cognitive model and the evaluation model are validated empirically through experimentation, carried out through a detailed analysis of a target group composed of information technology professionals. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Citation Count: 12
Employability of IT graduates from the industry's perspective: a case study in Turkey
(Springer, 2013) Turhan, Cigdem; Akman, Ibrahim; Software Engineering; Computer Engineering
The qualifications that constitute the employability and identity of graduates are viewed differently by the academic community and the industry. Currently, it is observed for Information Technologies (IT) sector that the demands of the industry are not always satisfied by the perceived standards of the graduates. To provide feedback to the corresponding departments, a survey regarding employer expectations and factors affecting these expectations has been conducted among a number of senior professionals and managers working in the IT sector in Turkey regarding this inconsistency. The employer expectations are considered in two empirical categories as competencies and adequacies. The multiple regression analysis technique has been used to analyze the survey data. Based on the analysis, recommendations are provided to IT departments as well as their students to better fulfill the demands of the industry.
Citation Count: 20
Ethical behavior issues in software use: An analysis of public and private sectors
(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2009) Akman, Ibrahim; Mishra, Alok; Software Engineering; Computer Engineering
Ethical issues related to information systems are important to the information technology (IT) professionals. These issues are also significant for organizations and societies. Although considerable literature on IT and related ethical issues exists, a review of this literature has found little empirical research on ethical practices within the government and private sector organizations. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to draw inferences regarding such practices currently in these sectors. The research results indicate a significant correlation between the code of ethics and the attitude of professionals towards the unethical use of software in government and private sector organizations. These also indicate significant differences in government and private sectors. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Citation Count: 6
Examination of factors influencing employees' adoption of mobile commerce and services in Turkey
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Akman, Ibrahim; Rehan, Mohammad; Information Systems Engineering; Computer Engineering
This study first reviews and discusses mobile technology issues from a global perspective, and then investigates the impact of demographic (gender, age, income), personal (ICT experience, work experience), and organisational (sector) factors related to employees on adopting mobile commerce (m-commerce) and mobile services (m-services). A survey is conducted among employees from government-and private-sector organisations for this purpose, assuming that this group plays an important role in helping to adopt new technologies in societies. Based on this survey, the results indicate that gender, experience, and sector have an impact on attitude towards using m-technologies and that such attitude has a significant effect on the actual use of m-technologies.
Citation Count: 4
Exploring sectoral diversity in the timing of organizational blockchain adoption
(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2022) Turhan, Cigdem; Akman, Ibrahim; Software Engineering; Computer Engineering
Purpose Blockchain is a relatively new technology. Although it has a high potential to influence organizational strategies for adoption into respective operations, it has not been widely explored yet. This study aims to assess the sectoral diversity in the timing of organizational adoption of blockchain through selected organizational factors. Design/methodology/approach A survey was conducted based on a sample of 208 IT professionals. The data was collected using an instrument containing 17 questions. The existence of sector diversity was statistically analyzed using the Least Square Regression method. Findings The results indicate that, except for management support and perceived ease of use, all the other factors in the analysis significantly influence sector diversity in terms of blockchain adoption timing. Originality/value Although blockchain has received attention from researchers, to the best of the authors' knowledge, there is no published work in the literature that explores the organizational factors influencing sectoral differences in the timing of blockchain technology adoption. Therefore, our work is unique in the related literature since we present analyses for the diversity between public and private sectors by modeling the factors affecting the intentions for the timing of blockchain adoption as part of the organizations' IT infrastructure.
Citation Count: 96
Factors influencing consumer intention in social commerce adoption
(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2017) Akman, Ibrahim; Mishra, Alok; Software Engineering; Computer Engineering
Purpose - Social media remarkably changed the way of interaction between the consumers and organizations. -The increased acceptance of social media has given rise to social commerce (s-commerce) and s-commerce usage is gradually increasing over the last few years. The progressive development of technologies suggests that s-commerce will become the mainstream for marketing and a literature survey indicates that there have not been many studies in this area. The purpose of this paper is to predict the factors influencing consumer intention towards the adoption of s-commerce. Design/methodology/approach - This study uses a survey approach with reference to important behavioural factors such as satisfaction, ethics, trust, enjoyment/easiness, social pressure and awareness. The research model was developed to be in line with the available literature. The data were collected using a five-point Likert scale and the research model was tested using least square regression. Findings - The results showed that user intention is significantly and positively related to perceived trust, enjoyment/easiness, social pressure, satisfaction and awareness. Also, "intention" was found to be a significant mediating factor for actual usage. Research limitations/implications - First, the questionnaire was a "snap-shot" instead of longitudinal study. Second, future research should use other moderating variables that may affect the usage of social media. Also the study could apply a variant of research methods to include other techniques such as interviews, which allow for deeper understanding of the problem and issues. Practical implications - Social media represents an important platform for electronic commerce and has one of the most metamorphic impacts on business. Therefore, investigating the usage of s-commerce with reference to important behavioural factors could provide valuable information for companies in establishing policies and strategies. It could also be useful for management studies and researchers in understanding the consumers' attitude towards usage of social media for commercial purposes. Social implications- S-commerce creates opportunities for firms. Based on findings this research provides insights with major implications for marketers, who would like to generate direct sales on social network platforms. Originality/value - Existing literature focusses largely on the effectiveness of social media. Only a handful has endeavoured to analyse s-commerce systems and the literature on consumers' behaviour in using s-commerce is not mature yet. This study is one of the few studies in this field, and aims to predict and explain the user acceptance of social media for commercial purposes.
Citation Count: 65
Gender, age and income differences in internet usage among employees in organizations
(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2010) Akman, Ibrahim; Mishra, Alok; Software Engineering; Computer Engineering
This paper reviews and discusses Internet issues and reports the findings of a survey concerning the impact of gender, age and income on employees' Internet usage in Turkey. Internet usage was categorized in two empirical factors, namely usage profile (reason for using the Internet, average daily use of the Internet) and usage patterns (average daily use of the Internet for communication/e-mailing/chat, information access/downloading/entertainment and electronic services). The survey was conducted among 200 employees from public and private sector organizations. The results indicated that gender has a positive impact on average daily time spent on the use of the Internet for communication/e-mailing/chat and information access/downloading/entertainment. Age has a positive impact on average daily use of the Internet in general and a negative impact on the use of the Internet for information access/downloading/entertainment. Income was not found to have an impact on empirical factors. Finally, gender, age and income do not have any significant impact on average daily use of Internet for electronic services such as e-commerce/e-shopping/e-banking/e-government. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Citation Count: 6
GREEN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (GIT) AND GENDER DIVERSITY
(Gh Asachi Technical Univ Iasi, 2014) Mishra, Alok; Akman, Ibrahim; Software Engineering; Computer Engineering
Over the past few years, green computing has received an increasing amount of attention since it is considered as one of the critical factors for protecting the environment. This study investigates gender diversity in terms of applying Green Information Technology (GIT) based on the differences between significance tests result for males and females. For this purpose, a survey was conducted among IT professionals from public and private sector organizations since GIT is a new concept and these professionals are expected to have more awareness on this issue. Six factors were included in the analyses. Interestingly, the results indicate that gender diversity exists only when individuals intend to purchase new hardware and when considering the type of IT usage.
Citation Count: 6
IMPACT OF EDUCATION ON SECURITY PRACTICES IN ICT
(Univ Osijek, Tech Fac, 2015) Bostan, Atila; Akman, Ibrahim; Computer Engineering
In assuring the security in information technology, user awareness and acquired-user habits are inevitable components, yet they may be qualified as the feeblest ones. As the information technology tries to put its best in providing maximum security, user awareness plays a key-role. Additionally, although the literature provides studies on approaches for teaching information security, there are not many evidences on the impact of education level. Therefore, this study investigates the impact of the education level on user security awareness in using the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) products. For this purpose, a survey was conducted among 433 citizens from different layers of the society. Interestingly, the results indicated that education level has significant impact on all security issues included in the analysis regarding computer usage, web usage and e-mail usage.
Citation Count: 25
Information Technology in Human Resource Management: An Empirical Assessment
(Sage Publications inc, 2010) Mishra, Alok; Akman, Ibrahim; Software Engineering; Computer Engineering
The present paper begins by introducing a number of observations on the applications of information technology (IT) in the field of human resource management (HRM) in general. This is due to the fact that IT and its wide range of applications have already made their presence felt in this area. This will be followed by a report on the findings of a survey on the present trends in organizations with in the different sectors in Turkey. Although the impact of IT on HRM has long been attracting the interest of academics, no empirical research has ever been realized in this field in Turkey, and few studies have been reported elsewhere. The survey was conducted among the 106 IT managers and professionals from various sectors, based on whose results, the data shows that IT is used extensively in the organizations to perform HRM functions in Turkey's dynamic economy. The results also indicated that, while IT has an impact on all sectors in terms of HRM to certain extent, the types of IT used vary significantly between recruitment, maintenance, and development tasks. However, the empirical results here reveal that these organizations are not applying these technologies systematically and maturely in the performance of HRM functions.
Citation Count: 19
An inheritance complexity metric for object-oriented code: A cognitive approach
(Springer india, 2011) Misra, Sanjay; Akman, Ibrahim; Koyuncu, Murat; Information Systems Engineering; Computer Engineering
Software metrics should be used in order to improve the productivity and quality of software, because they provide critical information about reliability and maintainability of the system. In this paper, we propose a cognitive complexity metric for evaluating design of object-oriented (OO) code. The proposed metric is based on an important feature of the OO systems: Inheritance. It calculates the complexity at method level considering internal structure of methods, and also considers inheritance to calculate the complexity of class hierarchies. The proposed metric is validated both theoretically and empirically. For theoretical validation, principles of measurement theory are applied since the measurement theory has been proposed and extensively used in the literature as a means to evaluate the software engineering metrics. We applied our metric on a real project for empirical validation and compared it with Chidamber and Kemerer (CK) metrics suite. The theoretical, practical and empirical validations and the comparative study prove the robustness of the measure.
Citation Count: 10
Investigation of employers' performance expectations for new IT graduates in individual and team work settings for software development
(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2018) Akman, Ibrahim; Turhan, Cigdem; Software Engineering; Computer Engineering
Purpose - In general, software development work environments involve many different tasks and have high demands on efficiency and quality of performance at both individual and team levels, which depend on the competencies of employees. However, the literature does not provide satisfactory evidence as for the characteristics and competencies of individuals. Especially, the employers' expectations of new graduates have not been investigated in detail for different work environments. The purpose of this paper is to examine employers' expectancies regarding technical, personal and educational competencies among IT-graduated employees to provide a comparison between individual and team work settings. Design/methodology/approach - A survey approach was used for this purpose, and the research model was tested using multiple regression. Findings - The results revealed that significant diversity exists in individual and team work settings regarding employers' expectations for new graduates' competencies in terms of adapting to new software development methods and approaches, using time effectively and experience gained in undergraduate projects. Originality/value - The results of this study will yield insight to computer-related departments in curriculum development by providing a comparison between the varying competencies required in individual and team work settings from the employer's perspective. In the long run, the aim is to meet employers' demands of the new graduates' competencies, resulting in better individual and team performances in information technology companies, thereby leading to successful software development.
Citation Count: 3
Male and female differences in the use of social media for learning purposes
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2018) Akman, Ibrahim; Turhan, Cigdem; Software Engineering; Computer Engineering
This study aims to explore the differences between male and female users' behaviour with regard to acceptance of social media for learning in higher educational institutions. For this purpose, a survey was conducted and the least square regression analysis approach was utilised to investigate the relationships among the constructs in the research model for male and female users from a general and ethical perspective, focusing on the reliability, performance and awareness factors. The findings from the analysis reveal that a significant degree of diversity is present in the factors represented by general reliability', ethical reliability', ethical performance', ethical awareness' and ethical intention'.
Citation Count: 2
Online collaborative tool usage for review meetings in software engineering courses
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Turhan, Cigdem; Akman, Ibrahim; Hacaloglu, Tuna; Information Systems Engineering; Software Engineering; Computer Engineering
The instructors generally utilize conventional methods in teaching software engineering courses, where the students are provided theoretical knowledge based on text books or lecture notes. Usage of collaborative tools may be a solution to the problems of not practicing the depth of the components of the subject. This study proposes the usage of a collaborative tool, namely, Google Docs in a software engineering course based on predefined scenarios. The review meeting subject was selected for this purpose and students' reactions were assessed with a survey after the completion of the experiments. The survey data were analysed using least square regression method. The results have shown that efficiency, certainty, satisfaction, advantage, complexity, learnability, and intention are indicators of the adoption of the online collaborative tool.
Citation Count: 16
Online purchase behaviour among professionals: a socio-demographic perspective for Turkey
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2014) Akman, Ibrahim; Rehan, Mohammad; Information Systems Engineering; Computer Engineering
This study reports the findings of a survey concerning the impact of professionals' selected socio-demographic factors with regard to their online purchasing behaviour in Turkey, since this consumer group plays an important role in adopting new technologies in societies. The survey has been conducted using a 'face-to-face interview' approach during an IT event. To keep in line with the available literature, gender, age, education level, income and daily Internet usage, constitute the socio-demographic variants for this study. Five hypotheses were constructed to investigate the nature of the relationship between the socio-demographic factors and the usage of online purchasing. The chi-square method was selected to test the hypotheses. According to the test results, age, income and education level have a significant impact on the online purchasing behaviour of professionals.
Citation Count: 18
Organizational software piracy: an empirical assessment
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2007) Mishra, Alok; Akman, Ibrahim; Yazici, Ali; Software Engineering; Computer Engineering
Application of Information Technology (IT) has had a significant impact on all aspects of business. Due to technology, the ease with which software can be pirated is increasing and is leading to increased concern for copyright protection. This paper reviews and discusses software piracy issues from a global perspective and reports the findings of a survey concerning the impact of sectors like government, private and academic in Turkey. Although software piracy has long been attracting the interest of academics, no quantitative research has ever been realized in this field in the country. Elsewhere also, most of the software piracy-related studies are from individuals' perspectives and are limited to students, academics, cost, and attitudes. Very few have reported findings related to IT professionals and organizations. The survey was conducted among IT managers of large-scale organizations from different sectors such as the government, private and academic community. Based on the survey of 162 IT managers, the results indicated that sectors have significant impact on software piracy to some extent.
Citation Count: 5
The Role of Leadership Cognitive Complexity in Software Development Projects: An Empirical Assessment for Simple Thinking
(Wiley, 2011) Akman, Ibrahim; Misra, Sanjay; Cafer, Ferid; Computer Engineering
Simple thinking (or simplicity) is a way of coping with complexity. It is especially important in the software development process (SDP), which is an error-prone, time-consuming, and complex activity. This article investigates the role of the thinking style-namely, simple thinking-which has been found effective in solving complicated problems during software development. For this purpose, it reviews and discusses simplicity issues from a general perspective and, then, reports the findings of a survey concerning the assessment of simplicity in SDP. The survey was conducted among information and communication technologies senior professionals and managers from government and private-sector organizations. Relevant hypotheses have been developed under different empirical categories for analysis. Statistical analysis techniques were then used to draw inferences based on these hypotheses. The results have proved simplicity to have a significant role in the SDP to a certain extent. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Citation Count: 1
Sector Diversity among IT Professionals in the Timing of Blockchain Adoption: an Attitudinal Perspective
(Kaunas Univ Technol, 2022) Akman, Ibrahim; Turhan, Cigdem; Software Engineering; Computer Engineering
Blockchain technology has the potential to reshape the conventional ways of processes and transactions on digital platforms. Much of the attention surrounding blockchain is mainly focused on the technical and organizational aspects. Comparatively, little effort has been targeted towards understanding the attitudinal issues in blockchain adoption. This study aims to explore the role of attitudinal forms behind the intended timing of IT professionals' blockchain adoption, with an emphasis on the differences between the public and private sectors. A survey method was used where the data was collected from 208 IT professionals from public and private sector establishments in order to investigate how the different attitudes of the participants as well as the differences in their work sectors affect their intention to adopt blockchain. The data collected was analysed with ordinal logistic regression and the results indicate that the participants' affective, normative and pessimistic attitudes have a significant effect on the timing of blockchain adoption, and that these effects show differences among the IT professionals from the public and private sector. The findings are believed to provide valuable information to researchers and strategists in forecasting the future evolution of the blockchain technology in terms of individual utilization. The results also will provide feedback to managers of different sectors in making decisions regarding blockchain adoption, developers of blockchain services, as well as individuals who are interested in using blockchain.

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Browsing Scopus by Author "Akman, Kamil İbrahim"