Critical Connections: Network Analysis of Human Errors in Aviation Accidents

Abstract

ObjectiveThis study aims to explores the systemic role of human factors in aviation safety by integrating the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) with network analysis.BackgroundHuman factors contribute to over 70% of aviation accidents, emphasizing their importance in safety research. This study uses the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), 2024 accident database to uncover systemic vulnerabilities through network analysis.MethodologyA bipartite network of 150,000 nodes and 250,000 edges was constructed using Python's NetworkX and visualized in Gephi. Centrality metrics identified systemic vulnerabilities, analyzing pilot error, crew error, and maintenance issues across general aviation, commercial jets, and rotary-wing aircraft.ResultsPilot error dominated general aviation accidents (70%), linked to single-pilot demands. Crew error was most prevalent in commercial jets (50%), highlighting multi-crew coordination challenges. Maintenance oversights in rotary-wing aircraft (45%) showed the highest betweenness centrality, underscoring their systemic impact.ConclusionTargeted safety measures include advanced training for general aviation pilots, optimized Crew Resource Management (CRM) for jet crews, and stricter maintenance protocols for helicopters. Integrating HFACS with network analysis provides a robust framework for mitigating systemic vulnerabilities and enhancing aviation safety.