Edward Saıd'in 'Oryantalizm' Adlı Kitabının Dört Arapça Çevirisi Üzerine bir İnceleme
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2024
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Oryantalizm, Doğu-Batı kültürel ilişkilerinde son kırk yılın en tartışmalı terimlerinden biridir. Edward Said'in ufuk açıcı kitabı Oryantalizm adlı eseri yayımladıktan sonra hem kavram hem de kitap olarak Oryantalizm bir hayli tartışılmıştır. Eserin ana fikri, modern çağda ve özellikle on dokuzuncu yüzyılda Batılı yazarların Doğu ya da Şark terimleriyle bir soyutlama yaratarak Batı ya da Garp'ın karşısına koyduklarından ibarettir. Said'e göre bu alanla ilgilenen Oryantalistler, sömürge döneminin ve onun kültürel hegemonyasının temsilcileri haline gelmişlerdir. Bu yaklaşım, kısa bir süre zarfında Batı düşüncesinde 'Post-Kolonyalizm' olarak adlandırılan yeni bir akıma ilham kaynağı olmuş ve çeviriler aracılığıyla tüm etkisi tüm dünyaya yayılmıştır. Bu tez, Edward Said'in Oryantalizm adlı eserinin Arapçaya yapılmış dört çevirisini incelemektedir. Tez, Venuti'nin 'Çevirmenin Görünürlüğü' kavramı ışığında söz konusu çevirilerin eleştirel bir incelemesini yapmaktadır. Eserin ilk çevirmeni Kamal Abu Deeb'in (Kemal Ebû Dîb), kaynak metne yapısal açıdan yakın 'yabancılaştırıcı' yaklaşımının ardından bu yaklaşımı olumsuz kabul eden yeni çeviriler yayımlandı: Muhammad Enani (Muhammed Anânî), Nazir Jazmati (Nezîr Cezmâtî) ve Muhammad Asfour (Muhammed Asfûr). Çalışmamız Ebu Deeb'in yaklaşımlarının niteliğini ve bunların sonraki çevirmenler üzerindeki etkisini, Oryantalizm'in yeniden çevrilmesinin ardındaki nedenleri, benimsenen çeşitli stratejileri ve bunun ardındaki nedenleri araştırmaktadır. Çalışma, karşılaştırmalı ve analitik bir yaklaşım kullanılarak yapılmıştır.
Orientalism is one of the most debatable terms in East-West cultural relations during the last four decades; Edward Said, in his seminal book Orientalism, lit the fuse, and since then, much ink has been spilled to defend or to criticize Orientalism as a concept or as a book, The main idea is that the western writers during the modern age and especially the nineteenth century coined an abstraction in terms East or the Orient that put it at the counter front of the West or the Occident; those interested in this fields called Orientalists, and they became in the eye of Said, as representatives of the colonial era and its cultural hegemony. Said soon became an inspiration for a new movement in Western thought called 'Post-Colonialism,' and its influence extended all over the world through translations. This thesis examines the translations of Said's Orientalism in the Arab world; in fact, there are four Arabic translations of the book, each with its own strategy. This thesis managed to give a critical survey of that translation in light of Venuti's conception of the visibility of the translator. The main idea is that the first translator, Kamal Abu Deeb, did much to make himself visible by introducing alien innovations derived from his avowed label as a bel as structuralist. His translation was received unfavorably; notable translators published new translations: Muhammad Enani, Nazir Jazmati, and Muhammad Asfour. Our work investigates the nature of Abu Deeb's innovations and their impact on the later translators, the reasons behind retranslating Orientalism, the various strategies adopted, and the reasons behind that. This is done by using a comparative and analytical approach.
Orientalism is one of the most debatable terms in East-West cultural relations during the last four decades; Edward Said, in his seminal book Orientalism, lit the fuse, and since then, much ink has been spilled to defend or to criticize Orientalism as a concept or as a book, The main idea is that the western writers during the modern age and especially the nineteenth century coined an abstraction in terms East or the Orient that put it at the counter front of the West or the Occident; those interested in this fields called Orientalists, and they became in the eye of Said, as representatives of the colonial era and its cultural hegemony. Said soon became an inspiration for a new movement in Western thought called 'Post-Colonialism,' and its influence extended all over the world through translations. This thesis examines the translations of Said's Orientalism in the Arab world; in fact, there are four Arabic translations of the book, each with its own strategy. This thesis managed to give a critical survey of that translation in light of Venuti's conception of the visibility of the translator. The main idea is that the first translator, Kamal Abu Deeb, did much to make himself visible by introducing alien innovations derived from his avowed label as a bel as structuralist. His translation was received unfavorably; notable translators published new translations: Muhammad Enani, Nazir Jazmati, and Muhammad Asfour. Our work investigates the nature of Abu Deeb's innovations and their impact on the later translators, the reasons behind retranslating Orientalism, the various strategies adopted, and the reasons behind that. This is done by using a comparative and analytical approach.
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Mütercim-Tercümanlık, Translation and Interpretation
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