Gerilla Pazarlama ve Etik: Nitel Bir Araştırma
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Date
2015
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Abstract
Yüzyıllardır var olan insanlık tarihi, tüketimi de beraberinde getirmiştir. Kalabalıklaşan insanlık, ihtiyaçların ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. İhtiyaçlarını karşılamaya çalışan ve bunun yanı sıra yeni ihtiyaçları olduğunu fark eden insanlar bu arzı karşılamak adına arayışlara girmişlerdir. Bunun üzerine üretim faaliyetleri artmıştır. Toplumdaki birey sayısının artması nedeniyle talebi karşılamak için üretim kapasitesi arttırılmıştır. Sürekli artan nüfus, artan talepler, gelişen teknoloji ile üretimde sanayileşmeye yönelinilmiştir. Bu noktadan sonra gelişen işletme kültürü beraberinde pazarlama ve satış faaliyetlerinin öneminin anlaşılmasını sağlamıştır. Bugün gelinen noktada, pazarlama faaliyetleri tamamen farklı bir boyuta taşınmış ve artık işletmeler pazarlamanın işletmeye neler kattığının farkına çok net bir şekilde varmışlardır.Bundan sonra işletmeler pazarlama adına yürüttükleri faaliyetlerde daha dikkatli ve daha seçici olma yoluna girmişlerdir.Bunun sonucunda da farklı farklı pazarlama stratejileri ortaya atılmaya başlanmıştır. Gerilla pazarlama bu stratejilerden sadece bir tanesidir ve son yıllarda popularitesi gittikçe artmaktadır. Gerilla pazarlama, tüketiciye bakış açısı, maliyetinin düşük olması, etkileyici bir strateji olması, tüketicinin beğenisini kazanacak yöntemler izlemesi, pazarlama silahlarının fazlalığı gibi nedenlerle tercih sebebi haline gelmektedir. Diğer bir yandan işletmelerin kar elde etmek amacıyla pazarlama faaliyetlerini yürüttükleri de bir gerçektir. Bu bağlamda işletmelerin kar amacı ile tüketicilerin alım esnasındaki fikirlerinin değişebilir ve etkilenebilir olması, iki tarafı karşı karşıya getirmektedir. İşletmelerin kar sağlayabilmek adına sürdürdükleri pazarlama faaliyetleri kimi zaman tüketicileri alım esnasında etkilediği ve fikrini değiştirmeye sevk ettiği için pazarlamada etik konusu ortaya çıkmıştır. Pazarlama faaliyetlerinde kullanılan araçların etik bir şekilde amaca ulaşması hususunda bazı soru işaretleri mevcuttur. Bu bağlamda bu tezde ele alınacak gerilla pazarlamanın etik olduğu düşünülen ya da olmadığı düşünülen yanları ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu tür bir sonuca da gidilirken hem mevcut verilerden yararlanılmıştır hem de birebir görüşme metodu kullanılarak farklı kişilerin görüşlerine başvurulmuştur. Bu görüşmeler sonucunda elde edilen verilerle keşifsel bir sonuca ulaşmak amaçlanmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler; gerilla, gerilla pazarlama, etik, çağdaş pazarlama
Mankind, who has been living for centuries, has brought along the consumption. The growth of the population caused new needs to come along. Humans, who were trying to fulfil these needs realized that they had new necessities and embarked on a search to fulfil these demans. In response, the production activities has increased. Because the number of people in the society increased, the total production capacity has been increased as well. It has been inclined towards industrialisation with the constant rise of the population, needs and the developing technology. Management culture, which has developed after this point, provided insight to the importance of marketing and selling. Today marketing activities has reached a totally different dimension and now companies realized -in no uncertain terms- the contribution of marketing to the management.Only after this realisation, companies tried to be more careful and picky in the activities which they carried out under the name of ' marketing'.As a result of this, various marketing strategies has been put forward. Guerilla marketing is only one of them and its popularity has been increasing recently. Guerilla marketing has become popular because it's costumer oriented, it has low costs and it is an effective strategy. In addition it follows methods that will please the consumers and it has excessive marketing weapons. On the other hand it is a fact that companies carry out the marketing activities in order to make profit. In this sense the profit motive of the companies and the alterable thoughts of consumers during purchase, puts these two sides against each other. Ethics in marketing emerged since the marketing activities, that companies carry with the purpose of profit, influence the consumers during purchase and change their mind. There are some questions about the t ools being used in marketing activities becoming successful in an ethical way. In this sense we will try to present the aspects of guerilla marketing that are thought to be ethic and unethic in this study. While we work up to a this kind of conclusion we will make use of the present data and also ask different people's opinion by using one to one interview technique. The aim is to reach to a conclusion by using the inductive method on the data collected from these interviews. Key Words; guerilla, guerilla marketing, ethic, modern marketing
Mankind, who has been living for centuries, has brought along the consumption. The growth of the population caused new needs to come along. Humans, who were trying to fulfil these needs realized that they had new necessities and embarked on a search to fulfil these demans. In response, the production activities has increased. Because the number of people in the society increased, the total production capacity has been increased as well. It has been inclined towards industrialisation with the constant rise of the population, needs and the developing technology. Management culture, which has developed after this point, provided insight to the importance of marketing and selling. Today marketing activities has reached a totally different dimension and now companies realized -in no uncertain terms- the contribution of marketing to the management.Only after this realisation, companies tried to be more careful and picky in the activities which they carried out under the name of ' marketing'.As a result of this, various marketing strategies has been put forward. Guerilla marketing is only one of them and its popularity has been increasing recently. Guerilla marketing has become popular because it's costumer oriented, it has low costs and it is an effective strategy. In addition it follows methods that will please the consumers and it has excessive marketing weapons. On the other hand it is a fact that companies carry out the marketing activities in order to make profit. In this sense the profit motive of the companies and the alterable thoughts of consumers during purchase, puts these two sides against each other. Ethics in marketing emerged since the marketing activities, that companies carry with the purpose of profit, influence the consumers during purchase and change their mind. There are some questions about the t ools being used in marketing activities becoming successful in an ethical way. In this sense we will try to present the aspects of guerilla marketing that are thought to be ethic and unethic in this study. While we work up to a this kind of conclusion we will make use of the present data and also ask different people's opinion by using one to one interview technique. The aim is to reach to a conclusion by using the inductive method on the data collected from these interviews. Key Words; guerilla, guerilla marketing, ethic, modern marketing
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Keywords
İşletme, Gerilla pazarlama, Business Administration, Nitel araştırma, Guerilla marketing, Pazarlama, Qualitative research, Marketing, Pazarlama yöntemleri, Marketing methods
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165