A Comparative Analysis of Skyscraper Design Characteristics in the Middle East, Asia, and North America

Abstract

The proliferation of skyscrapers in rapidly urbanizing regions necessitates a comparative understanding of architectural and structural design strategies. The Middle East, Asia, and North America have emerged as dominant centers of high-rise development, each influenced by unique environmental, cultural, and economic conditions. This study employs a case study approach, analyzing 133 skyscrapers (≥300 m) using qualitative and quantitative metrics. The analysis focuses on core typology, structural systems, materials, and architectural form, based on data extracted from the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) database. Findings reveal regional distinctions: Asian skyscrapers favor tapered and composite designs with outriggered frame systems; Middle Eastern towers emphasize prismatic forms using concrete; and North American high-rises balance setback and prismatic forms with concrete and shear-frame systems. A central core layout dominates all regions, driven by efficiency and safety considerations. These insights offer valuable benchmarks for architects, engineers, and urban planners aiming to optimize skyscraper design in dense urban contexts. These insights offer valuable benchmarks for architects, engineers, and urban planners aiming to optimize high-rise design in dense urban contexts. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.