Akış, Ebru
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Akis E.
Akış,E.
Ebru Akış
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Akis,E.
Akiş E.
Akış, Ebru
Akis, Ebru
Akis,Ebru
Ebru, Akış
Ebru, Akis
E., Akis
E., Akış
Akis E.
Akış,E.
Ebru Akış
E.,Akış
A.,Ebru
E.,Akis
Akis,E.
Akiş E.
Akış, Ebru
Akis, Ebru
Akis,Ebru
Ebru, Akış
Ebru, Akis
Job Title
Doktor Öğretim Üyesi
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ebru.akis@atilim.edu.tr
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Civil Engineering
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4QUALITY EDUCATION
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9INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE
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11SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES
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12RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION
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19
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29/62
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23
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35
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1.21
Scopus Citations per Publication
1.84
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8
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6
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| Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi | 1 |
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Article Citation - Scopus: 4Cost Efficient Design of Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls Using Adaptive Dimensional Search Algorithm(Turkish Chamber of Civil Engineers, 2020) Kazemzadeh Azad,S.; Akiş,E.Mechanically stabilized earth walls are among the most commonly used soil-retaining structural systems in the construction industry. This study addresses the optimum design problem of mechanically stabilized earth walls using a recently developed metaheuristic optimization algorithm, namely adaptive dimensional search. For a cost efficient design, different types of steel reinforcement as well as reinforced backfill soil are treated as discrete design variables. The performance of the adaptive dimensional search algorithm is investigated through cost optimization instances of mechanically stabilized earth walls under realistic design criteria specified by standard design codes. The numerical results demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the adaptive dimensional search algorithm in minimum cost design of mechanically stabilized earth walls and further highlight the usefulness of design optimization in engineering practice. © 2020 Turkish Chamber of Civil Engineers. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 12Citation - Scopus: 13Predictive Models for Mechanical Properties of Expanded Polystyrene (eps) Geofoam Using Regression Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks(Springer London Ltd, 2022) Akis, E.; Guven, G.; Lotfisadigh, B.Initial elastic modulus and compressive strength are the two most important engineering properties for modeling and design of EPS geofoams, which are extensively used in civil engineering applications such as light-fill material embankments, retaining structures, and slope stabilization. Estimating these properties based on geometric and physical parameters is of great importance. In this study, the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity values are obtained by performing 356 unconfined compression tests on EPS geofoam samples with different shapes (cubic or disc), dimensions, loading rates, and density values. Using these test results, the mechanical properties of the specimens are predicted by linear regression and artificial neural network (ANN) methods. Both methods predicted the initial modulus of elasticity (E-i), 1% strain (sigma(1)), 5% strain (sigma(5)), and 10% strain (sigma(10)) strength values on a satisfactory level with a coefficient of correlation (R-2) values of greater than 0.901. The only exception was in prediction of sigma(1) and E-i in disc-shaped samples by linear regression method where the R-2 value was around 0.558. The results obtained from linear regression and ANN approaches show that ANN slightly outperform linear regression prediction for E-i and sigma(1) properties. The outcomes of the two methods are also compared with results of relevant studies, and it is observed that the calculated values are consistent with the results from the literature.Article İlk Çağlardan Günümüze Yer Altı Yapıları, Kaya Yapıları ve Kaya Mekaniği(2017) Akış, Ebru; Satıcı, ÖzgürYer altındaki alanların kullanımı insanlar için antik dönemlere uzanan eski bir alışkanlıktır. Atalarımız, mağaraları vahşi hayattan korunmak için barınak olarak kullandılar, ayrıca değerli mineralleri çıkarmak için kazarak yer altı boşlukları oluşturdular. Bu boşlukları kutsal alan, mezar veya depo olarak kullandılar. Bu kullanım amaçlarına ek olarak, savaşlar sırasında saldırı veya surları geçmek amacıyla tüneller inşa ettiler. Daha sonraları, tüneller yerleşim yerlerine su getirmek veya söz konusu alanları selden korumak amacıyla yapıldı. İlk kez ne zaman kullanıldıkları bilinmemekle birlikte, birbirleriyle bağlantılı olarak inşa edilen yer altı yapıları insanlık tarihi boyunca barınma amacıyla da kullanıldı. Sonraki yüzyıllarda, ulaşım sistemlerine duyulan ihtiyaç nedeniyle yeni kazı tekniklerinin kullanıldığı ulaşım ve iletim tünelleri inşa edildi. Bu dönemde, çoğunluğu kaya ortamda yer alan su geçişi tünelleri, demiryolu tünelleri ve karayolu tünelleri yapıldı. İlk kazılar elle yapılmış olup, daha sonra kolay kazmak için ateşin kullanıldığı bilinmektedir. Bu tekniği, barut, patlayıcılar ve tünel açma makinaları takip etmiştir. Şu veya bu şekilde, eski uygarlıklar kaya mekaniğinin temel prensiplerini kullanmış ve bu prensipleri yer altı yapılarının inşasında uygulamışlardır. Kaya mekaniğinin prensipleri, tüm bu yapıların olmazsa olmaz unsurudur. Bu derlemede, kaya mekaniğinin tarihçesi kısaca anlatılacak, tarihi ve anıtsal yer altı ve kaya yapılarından örnekler sunulacaktırMaster Thesis Yüksek Plastisiteli Kilin Mermer Tozu ve EPS Danecikleri ile İyileştirilmesinin Deneysel ve Tahmine Dayalı Modellenmesi(2024) Çıtak, Mete; Akış, EbruExpansive soils present a significant challenge in geotechnical engineering due to their reaction with water, which can damage structures built on them. Additives are commonly used to improve these soils. In this study, it is aimed to investigate the effect of the marble powder and expanded polystyrene (EPS) beads on the high plasticity clay. EPS beads and marble powder additives were added to the expansive soil at different ratios. Marble powder was used at the rates of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and EPS beads at the rates of 0%, 0.3%, 0.9% of the dry weight of the soil sample. These materials are used both individually and in combination. Atterberg limits, standard Proctor tests, one-dimensional swell tests (FS) and unconfined compressive strength tests (UCS) are conducted. The test findings indicate that the adding EPS beads decreases FS and UCS. Besides, adding marble powder decreases FS but increases UCS. The combination of 5% marble powder and 0.9% EPS beads produced the most effective results for FS and UCS. A data set was created using both the experimental study results of this study and literature data to be used to estimate FS and UCS values using multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN) analyses. In order to preliminary understand how the additives affect the soil samples, empirical equations are generated using MLR methods. Then, ANN is applied to predict the treated soil samples' FS and UCS values. The results obtained from both methods are discussed.Article Sustainable Stabilization of Expansive Soils Using Waste Marble Powder and Expanded Polystyrene Beads: Experimental Evaluation and Predictive Modelling(Elsevier, 2026) Akis, Ebru; Citak, Mete; Lotfi, BahramExpansive soils exhibit considerable volume changes with moisture fluctuations leading to serious challenges for civil infrastructure, causing structural instability, pavement distortion, and foundation damage. While lime and cement remain widely used stabilizers, recent research has increasingly focused on waste-derived materials such as marble powder (MP) and expanded polystyrene beads (EPSb) as promising alternatives. These materials provide a practical approach to soil stabilization while contributing to the reuse of industrial by-products. In this study, the engineering behavior of high-plasticity clay was improved through the inclusion of MP and EPSb as additive materials. MP was added at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, and EPSb at 0%, 0.3%, and 0.9% by dry weight of the high plasticity clay. Both additives were used alone and in combination. Laboratory tests, including Standard Proctor, free swell (FS), and unconfined compressive strength (UCS), were conducted. The results confirmed that the additives effectively reduced the liquid limit (LL) by 20.1% and the plasticity index (PI) by up to 22.4%. Results showed that EPSb effectively reduced FS and UCS, while MP decreased FS and increased UCS up to an optimal content. The most effective mixes achieved a maximum reduction of 54.7% in free swell (FS) (at 20% MP and 0.9% EPSb content) and a maximum increase of 13.1% in unconfined compressive strength (UCS) (at 5% MP content) compared to the untreated soil. The compaction tests further revealed a general decrease in optimum moisture content (OMC) and a slight increase in maximum dry density (MDD) with increasing MP content. Accordingly, the free swell (FS) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of the treated soils were predicted using multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN) models, developed from both the current experimental dataset and previously published studies. Input variables included untreated FS and UCS values, additive percentages, and one index property. The ANN model demonstrated superior predictive capability, achieving R2 values of 0.955 and 0.874 for FS and UCS, respectively, compared to 0.411 and 0.618 obtained with MLR. These results highlight the robustness of ANN in capturing nonlinear soil behavior and underscore its reliability and accuracy, particularly under limited data conditions.Master Thesis Aşırı Konsolide Yüksek Plastisiteli Killerde Drenajlı Kayma Dayanım Parametrelerinin Araştırılması(2021) Yaşar, İrem; Akış, Ebru; Yılmaz, Mustafa TolgaGeoteknik yapıların dizaynında ve analizinde, drenaj koşullarına bağlı olarak, killerin drenajlı ve drenajsız kayma dayanım parametreleri kullanılır. Kısa dönemde yani kil üzerine inşa edilen dolgularda veya temelde ya da kilde yapılan kazı inşatının sonunda, drenajsız kayma dayanım parametreleri kullanılmalıdır. Halbuki boşluk suyu basıncı tamamen dağıldığında, analizler, efektif gerilmeler kullanılarak gerçekleştirilebilir. Bu nedenle, temellerin ve istinat yapılarının dizaynında ve şev stabilite analizlerinde drenajlı kayma parametreleri kullanılır. Bu tezde, Atılım Üniversitesi kampüsünden alınan yoğrulmuş, yüksek plastisiteli kil numuneleri üzerinde drenajlı kayma dayanım parametrelerinin incelenmesi için deneyler gerçekleştirildi. Zemin numunelerinin Atterberg limitleri, LL= %62 ve PI= %36 olup kil yüzdesi 46'dır. Bu araştırmada, kayma dayanım parametrelerini araştırmak için yaygın olarak kullanılan direk kesme deneyleri ile iki farklı deneysel çalışma yapılmıştır. İlk deney serisinde, tekrarlı direk kesme deneyleri ve geliştirilmiş yeni bir rezistans sistemi kullanılarak kurutma etkisinin pik ve rezidüel kayma dayanım parametrelerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın ilk kısmında, normal konsolide, likit limitte hazırlanmış, yüksek plastisiteli kil numunelerde, 300 kPa basınç altında ve 0.035mm/min kesme hızı kullanılarak tekrarlı direk kesme deneyleri yapıldı. Zemin numunesi, kesme yapılmadan önce kuruması için ısıtıldı. Kuru numuneler için elde edilen pik ve rezidüel kayma dayanımları, ıslak numuneler için çıkan sonuçlar ile karşılaştırıldı. Su içeriğinin pik ve rezidüel kayma dayanım parametreleri üzerindeki etkisi, literatürde benzer çalışmalar ile uyumlu olarak gözlemlendi. Su içeriğindeki azalma, pik ve rezidüel dayanımlarda artış yarattı. İkinci kısımda, 200 kPa basınç altında ve daha yavaş kesme hızında (0.0035mm/dak) tekrarlı direk kesme deneyleri, hafif aşırı konsolide kil üzerinde (OCR=1.5) uygulandı. Zemin numunesi, rezidüel dayanıma ulaştığında numune ısıtıldı ve son bir kesme daha gerçekleştirilerek rezidüel kayma dayanımındaki değişim araştırıldı. Zemin rezidüel aşamaya geldiğinde su içeriğindeki azalmanın rezidüel kayma dayanımını etkilemediği görüldü. İkinci deney serisinde, aşırı konsolide ve normal konsolide killerin drenajlı kayma dayanımları arasında ampirik bir bağıntı bulmak için farklı OCR'a sahip zemin numunelerinde drenajlı direk kesme deneyleri yapıldı. Direk kesme deneyleri, OCR=1, 2, 4 ve 7 için hazırlanan zemin numunelerinde, 50 kPa, 100 kPa ve 200 kPa normal basınç altında, 0.0018mm/dak kesme hızı ile gerçekleştirildi. Sonuçlar değerlendirildi ve tahmin denklemi sunuldu.Master Thesis Yüksek Plastisiteli Kilin Mermer Tozu ve Eps Danecikleri ile İyileştirilmesinin Deneysel ve Tahmine Dayalı Modellenmesi(2024) Çıtak, Mete; Akış, EbruŞişen zeminler su ile reaksiyona girdiğinde üzerinde bulunan yapılara zarar verebileceği için geoteknik mühendisliği için önemli bir sorundur. Bu zeminlerin iyileştirilmesinde katkı maddeleri yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, mermer tozu ve genleştirilirmiş polistiren (EPS) daneciklerinin yüksek plastisiteli kil (bentonit) üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Şişen zemine farklı oranlarda EPS danecikleri ve mermer tozu katkıları ilave edilmiştir. Mermer tozu, zemin numunesinin kuru ağırlığının %0, %5, %10, %15, %20'si oranında, EPS danecikleri ise %0, %0.3, %0.9'u oranında ilave edilmiştir. Bu malzemeler hem birlikte hem de ayrı ayrı kullanılmıştır. Atterberg limitleri, standart Proktor testleri, tek boyutlu şişme (FS) ve serbest basınç dayanımı testleri (UCS) yapılmıştır. Test bulguları, EPS danecikleri kullanımının FS ve UCS değerlerini azalttığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca, mermer tozu ilavesi FS değerlerini azaltırken UCS değerlerini arttırmıştır. 5% mermer tozu ve %0.9 EPS danecik kombinasyonu FS ve UCS değerleri için en etkili sonuçları vermektedir. Çoklu doğrusal regresyon (MLR) ve yapay sinir ağı (YSA) analizleri kullanılarak FS ve UCS değerlerinin tahmin edilmesine yönelik kullanılmak üzere hem bu çalışmanın v deneysel çalışma sonuçlarından hem de literatür verilerinden yararlanılarak, bir veri seti oluşturulmuştur. Katkı maddelerinin zemin numunesini nasıl etkilediğini önceden anlamak için MLR sonuçları kullanılarak ampirik denklemler önerilmiştir. Daha sonra, iyileştirilmiş zemin numunelerinin FS ve UCS değerlerini tahmin etmek için YSA algoritması kullanılmıştır. Her iki yöntemden elde edilen sonuçlar tartışılmıştır.Article The Estimation of the Residual Shear Strength of High Plastic Clays Based on Direct Shear Test Results(Gazi Univ, 2021) Akis, EbruLandslides are the most common incidents with a rate of 45% considering the distribution of natural disaster numbers to disaster types. In order to make remedial measures for the landslides, the residual shear strength parameters formed in the shear plane during the landslide must be estimated as close to the reality as possible. These parameters can be determined by multi-reversal direct shear, ring shear tests, back calculations, correlations in the literature by means of physical properties of the soil. The difficulty of predicting the groundwater conditions during landslide is obvious and it directly affects the residual shear strength values when shear strength parameters are determined using the back analysis method. On the other hand, residual shear strength parameters obtained from the literature can give a wide range. Besides, ring shear tests are not commonly performed in laboratories and depending on the type of soil, multi reveral direct shear tests may need to be performed at very low speeds. Relatively long test time adversely affects the practical use of the multi reversal direct shear tests. In this study, the relationship between peak and residual shear strength in normally consolidated high plastic clays was studied within the framework of the above restrictions. Firstly, the empirical correlation between the residual shear strength and the index porperties and peak shear strength was predicted by evaluating the results of the studies in our country's literature. Then, the results obtained from the multi reversal direct shear tests with remoulded high plastic clay samples and the predicted values were compared.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1The Effect of Group Behavior on the Pull-Out Capacity of Model Soil Nails in High Plasticity Clay(Springer int Publ Ag, 2024) Akis, Ebru; Bakir, Bahadir Sadik; Yilmaz, Mustafa TolgaSoil nailing technique is widely used in stabilizing roadway and tunnel portal cut excavations. The key parameter in the design of soil nail systems is the pull-out capacity. The pull-out capacity of soil nails can be estimated either from the studies involving similar soil conditions or from the empirical formulas available in the literature. Particularly, it has been documented placing nails closer than a certain minimum distance results in a reduction in the pull-out resistance of a nail placed in sand. However, this requirement has not been discussed for the nail groups located within clay formations. In order to investigate the influence of nail spacing on the pull-out resistance of nails, a series of laboratory pull-out experiments were performed in clay of high plasticity. The results of these experiments showed a remarkable trend. Specifically, there was a significant reduction in the pull-out capacity of a nail when the spacing between nails two times the nail diameter (2 & Oslash;). In contrast, the pull-out capacity of a nail embedded in clay remained unaffected by neighboring nails, provided the spacing was maintained at six times the nail diameter (6 & Oslash;). In addition, during the conducted pull-out tests, it was observed that the failure mode of a single nail and 6 & Oslash; spaced group nails near the surface results as heaving around the single nail. However, in the case of closely positioned (2 & Oslash; spaced) nails, the affected area following nail failure exhibits distinct characteristics, which operate as a group. This leads to the occurrence of failure in the form of heaving around the group of nails.Review Citation - Scopus: 1Underground Structures, Rock Structures and Rock Mechanics From Ancient Era To the Modern Age;(TMMOB - Jeoloji Muhendisleri Odasi, 2017) Akiş,E.; Satici,Ö.Usage of underground space is an old habit for human beings since ancient era. Our ancestors have used caves as a shelter for protection from the wild life and nature, and they excavated caves to extract valuable minerals. They also used them as sanctuaries, tombs or for storage of goods. In addition, they built tunnels to be used as assault systems or to underpass fortifications during ancient warfare. Later on, tunnels were driven to supply water to the towns or to protect the towns from floods. They also built them for communication purposes. Though not knowing the exact time when they were first used, natural underground structures which have several interconnections were also built for underground dwelling purposes through the human history. In the following centuries, due to the need of transportation facilities, transportation tunnels were constructed where new excavation techniques were also used. Navigation canal tunnels, railway tunnels and road tunnels were constructed during that period. All these structures were mostly excavated in rocks. The first excavations were performed manually. Later on, fire technique had been used to excavate more easily. This was followed by the methods in which gunpowder, explosives and tunneling machinery were used. By some means or other, ancient civilizations had used fundamental principles of rock mechanics and applied these principles in the construction of the underground structures. Principles of rock mechanics are the sine qua non for all of these structures and facilities. In this review paper, the history and evaluation of rock mechanics will be given briefly and some examples of historical and monumental underground and rock structures will be presented. © 2017, TMMOB - Jeoloji Muhendisleri Odasi. All rights reserved.
