WoS
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Article Citation - WoS: 31Citation - Scopus: 41Software Code Smell Prediction Model Using Shannon, Renyi and Tsallis Entropies(MDPI, 2018-05-17) Blazauskas, Tomas; Gupta, Aakanshi; Misra, Sanjay; Suri, Bharti; Kumar, Vijay; Damasevicius, RobertasThe current era demands high quality software in a limited time period to achieve new goals and heights. To meet user requirements, the source codes undergo frequent modifications which can generate the bad smells in software that deteriorate the quality and reliability of software. Source code of the open source software is easily accessible by any developer, thus frequently modifiable. In this paper, we have proposed a mathematical model to predict the bad smells using the concept of entropy as defined by the Information Theory. Open-source software Apache Abdera is taken into consideration for calculating the bad smells. Bad smells are collected using a detection tool from sub components of the Apache Abdera project, and different measures of entropy (Shannon, Renyi and Tsallis entropy). By applying non-linear regression techniques, the bad smells that can arise in the future versions of software are predicted based on the observed bad smells and entropy measures. The proposed model has been validated using goodness of fit parameters (prediction error, bias, variation, and Root Mean Squared Prediction Error (RMSPE)). The values of model performance statistics (R-2, adjusted R-2, Mean Square Error (MSE) and standard error) also justify the proposed model. We have compared the results of the prediction model with the observed results on real data. The results of the model might be helpful for software development industries and future researchers.Article Citation - WoS: 20Citation - Scopus: 25Quantitative Quality Evaluation of Software Products by Considering Summary and Comments Entropy of a Reported Bug(MDPI, 2019-01-19) Misra, Sanjay; Kumari, Madhu; Misra, Ananya; Damasevicius, Robertas; Fernandez Sanz, Luis; Sanz, Luis Fernandez; Singh, V. B.A software bug is characterized by its attributes. Various prediction models have been developed using these attributes to enhance the quality of software products. The reporting of bugs leads to high irregular patterns. The repository size is also increasing with enormous rate, resulting in uncertainty and irregularities. These uncertainty and irregularities are termed as veracity in the context of big data. In order to quantify these irregular and uncertain patterns, the authors have appliedentropy-based measures of the terms reported in the summary and the comments submitted by the users. Both uncertainties and irregular patterns have been taken care of byentropy-based measures. In this paper, the authors considered that the bug fixing process does not only depend upon the calendar time, testing effort and testing coverage, but it also depends on the bug summary description and comments. The paper proposed bug dependency-based mathematical models by considering the summary description of bugs and comments submitted by users in terms of the entropy-based measures. The models were validated on different Eclipse project products. The models proposed in the literature have different types of growth curves. The models mainly follow exponential, S-shaped or mixtures of both types of curves. In this paper, the proposed models were compared with the modelsfollowingexponential, S-shaped and mixtures of both types of curves.Article Citation - WoS: 16Citation - Scopus: 17Investigation of Localized Levels in GaS0.5Se0.5 Layered Crystals by Means of Electrical, Space-Charge Limited Current and Photoconductivity Measurements(Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2002-11) Qasrawi, AF; Gasanly, NMTo identify the localized levels in GaS0.5Se0.5 single crystals, the dark electrical conductivity, current-voltage characteristics and photoconductivity measurements were carried out in the temperature range of 250-400 K. Temperature dependence of dark electrical conductivity and the space-charge limited current studies indicate the presence of a single discrete trapping level located at 0.31 eV below the conduction band with a density of about 1.3 x 10(15) cm(-3). The conductivity data above 320 K reveal an additional donor level with activation energy of 0.40 eV indicating the extrinsic nature of conduction. The spectral distribution of photocurrent in the photon energy range of 0.65-5.9 eV reveals an indirect band gap of 2.26 eV. The photocurrent-illumination intensity dependence follows the law I-ph proportional to F-gamma, with gamma being 1.0, 0.65, and 0.5 at low, moderate and high illumination intensities, respectively. The corresponding behavior indicates the domination of monomolecular recombination, near equal densities of trapped and recombination centers and bimolecular recombination. It is observed that the photocurrent increases in the temperature range from 250 K up to T-m = 360 K and decreases for T > T-m. The temperature dependence of the photocurrent reveals two additional impurity levels with activation energies of 0.14 and 0.10 eV below and above Tm, respectively.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 3Effect of Magnetic Field and γ Irradiation on the Properties of Tl-2212 Superconducting Tape(Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2002-08) Ercan, I; Kayed, TSThe critical temperature and critical current of Tl-2212 superconducting sample in the form of a tape have been studied near T-c under magnetic field and gamma irradiation. T-c decreases from 109 to 94 K with increase of magnetic field up to 300 mT. In 77-109 K range, J(c) decreases rapidly in low fields up to around 50 mT followed by a very slow decrease in J(c) up to 300 mT. T-c of the sample did not change up to 100 MR gamma dose and then started to decrease from 109 to 102 K with increase of gamma dose up to 800 MR, most of the change taking place in high doses. The critical currents of the sample decreased steadily with gamma irradiation up to 600 MR after which no further change was noticed.Article Citation - WoS: 27Citation - Scopus: 30Crystal Data, Electrical Resistivity, and Hall Mobility of n-Type AgIn5S8 Single Crystals(Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2001-06) Qasrawi, AF; Gasanly, NMThe X-ray diffraction has revealed that AgIn5S8 is a single phase crystal of cubic spinel structure. The value of the unit cell parameter for this crystal is 1.08286 nm. The electrical resistivity and Hall effect of n-type AgIn5S8 crystals are measured in the temperature range of 50-400 K. A carrier effective mass of 0.20 m(0), an acceptor to donor concentration ratio of 0.8 and an acoustic phonons deformation potential of 20 eV are identified from the Hall effect measurement. The Hall mobility data art: analyzed assuming the carrier scattering by acoustic and polar optical phonons, and ionized impurities.Article Citation - WoS: 18Citation - Scopus: 19Crystal Data, Photoconductivity and Carrier Scattering Mechanisms in CuIn5S8 Single Crystals(Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2001-12) Qasrawi, AF; Gasanly, NMThe X-ray diffraction has revealed that CuIn5S8 is a single phase crystal of cubic spinet structure. The value of the unit cell parameter for this crystal is 1.06736 nm. The crystal is assigned to the conventional space group Fd3m. The photocurrent is found to have the characteristic of monomolecular and bimolecular recombination at low and high illumination intensities, respectively. The electrical resistivity and Hall effect of CuIn5S8 crystals are measured in the temperature range of 50-400 K. The crystals are found to be intrinsic and extrinsic above and below 300 K, respectively. An energy band gap of similar to1.35 eV at 0 K, a carrier effective mass of 0.2 m(0), an acceptor to donor concentration ratio of 0.9, an acoustic phonon deformation potential of 10 eV and a nonpolar optical phonon deformation potential of 15 eV are identified from the resistivity and Hall measurements. The Hall mobility data are analyzed assuming the carrier scattering by polar optical phonons, acoustic combined with nonpolar optical phonons, and ionized impurities.Article Citation - WoS: 9Citation - Scopus: 10Carrier Scattering Mechanisms in GaS0.5Se0.5 Layered Crystals(Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2002-06) Qasrawi, AF; Gasanly, NMSystematic dark electrical resistivity and Hall mobility measurements have been carried out in the temperature range 150-400 K on n-type GaS0.5Se0.5 layered crystals. The analysis of temperature dependent electrical resistivity and carrier concentration reveals the extrinsic type of conduction with a donor impurity level located at 0.44 eV, donor and acceptor concentrations of 3.4x10(17) and 4.1x10(17) cm(-1), respectively, and an electron effective mass of 0.41 m(o). The Hall mobility is limited by the electron-phonon short-range interactions scattering at high temperatures combined with the ionized impurity scattering at low temperatures. The electron-phonon short-range interactions scattering mobility analysis reveals an electron-phonon coupling constant of 0.25 and conduction band deformation potential of 5.57 eV/Angstrom.Conference Object The Audition of Final Accounts Law: a Critical Approach on The Inefficiency of Existing Audition and Solution Offers in Order To Promote Efficiency(Istanbul Univ Press, Istanbul Univ Rectorate, 2019-06-30) Muftuoglu, ZeynepThe detection of flaws in the audit of the final accounts law, which is an indicator of the compatibility of the revenues collected and spending in a given financial year made by the executive body to the budget law, and efforts to address these flaws is a major requirement for fulfilling the principle of the rule of law and ensuring the budget right. In the study, regarding the importance of final accounts law in the realization of rule of law principle and budget right, the characteristics of the final accounts law and the auditing mechanisms on it are being examined. Such examination is held through a critical approach and ineffective and problematic sides of the auditing are tried to be sorted out. In the light of that research, solutions are tried to be developed. Regarding that aim, in the conclusion section, the mechanisms required to address the flaws caused by the shortcomings of the conducted audits will be discussed and suggestions that would remove these shortcomings will tired to be suggested. As it can be seen in the discussions, the most possible and effective way to remove the flaws in the auditing of the final accounts law can be appointed and zoomed on the legislative branch. On the basis of the characteristics of the auditions, solutions will be more focused on legislative level as well.Article Citation - WoS: 22Citation - Scopus: 23A COUPLED FIXED POINT RESULT IN PARTIALLY ORDERED PARTIAL METRIC SPACES THROUGH IMPLICIT FUNCTION(Hacettepe Univ, FAC Sci, 2013) Özyurt, Selma Gülyaz; Karapınar, Erdal; Gulyaz, SelmaIn this manuscript, we discuss the existence of coupled fixed points inthe context of partially ordered metric spaces through implicit relationsfor mappings F : X× X -> X such that F has the mixed monotoneproperty. Our main theorem improves and extends various results inthe literature. We also state an example to illustrate our workArticle On Pairs of $ell$-Köthe Spaces(Hacettepe Univ, FAC Sci, 2010) Karapınar, ErdalLet $ell$ be a Banach sequence space with a monotone norm $parallel centerdot parallel_{ell}$, in which the canonical system ($e_i$) is a normalized unconditional basis. Let $a = (a_i), a_i rightarrow infty, lambda=(lambda_i)$ be sequences of positive numbers. We study the problem on isomorphic classification of pairs $F = biggl(K^{ell} biggl( exp biggl(-frac{1}{p}a_i biggr)biggr),K^{ell}biggl(exp biggl(-frac{1}{p}a_i + lambda_i biggr)biggr)biggr)$. For this purpose, we consider the sequence of so-called m-rectangle characteristics $mu^F_m$. It is shown that the system of all these characteristics is a complete quasidiagonal invariant on the class of pairs of finite-type $ell$-power series spaces. By using analytic scale and a modification of some invariants (modified compound invariants) it is proven that m-rectangular characteristics are invariant on the class of such pairs. Deriving the characteristic $tilde{beta}$ from the characteristic $beta$, and using the interpolation method of analytic scale, we are able to generalize some results of Chalov, Dragilev, and Zahariuta (Pair of finite type power series spaces, Note di Mathematica 17, 121–142, 1997).