Reagan Doktrini: Soğuk Savaşı Bitiren Hükümet Dışı Aktörler
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2020
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Reagan doktrini ile birlikte izlenen politikalar, Sovyetlerin üçüncü dünya ülkelerindeki nüfuzunu koruyabilmek ve bu ülkelerde güç dengesini sağlayabilmek adına kaldıramayacağı bir yükün altına girmesine sebep olmuş, bu ülkelerdeki Sovyet askeri varlığı; ABD desteği ile savaşan hükümet dışı gruplar vasıtasıyla büyük ölçüde bastırılmış ve tüm bunlar Sovyetlerin Brezhnev doktrini yerine daha ılımlı politikalar izleyip, yayılmacı politikalarına son vermesine sebep olmuştur. Ayrıca Soğuk Savaştan sonra, doktrin bağlamında desteklenen bu gruplar tasfiye olmamakla birlikte, insani yönden ağır eleştiriler alacakları birçok olaya sebebiyet vermişlerdir. Çalışmanın amacı: Soğuk Savaş dönemi ABD'nin Sovyet politikalarında, Reagan doktrini bağlamında gerçekleşmiş olan hükümet dışı aktörlere yardımlar ve çevreleme stratejisi yerine geri dönüş stratejisinin benimsenmiş olması, güvenlik ikilemi göz önünde alınarak değerlendirildiğinde, bu iki politikanın ABD'nin Soğuk Savaş'ı kazanmasındaki rollerini tespit etmek ve bu politikalar kapsamında desteklenen grupların, çatışma bittikten sonra küresel terörizm ile bağlantılarını ortaya koymaktır. Konu kuramsal açıdan realist bir perspektifle ele alınacak olup yöntem olarak literatür taraması seçilmiştir. Anahtar sözcükler: Ronald Reagan, terörizm, geri dönüş, Düşük Yoğunluklu Çatışma Stratejisi, Reagan doktrini
The policies pursued in conjunction with the Reagan doctrine have caused the Soviets to undertake a burden that they cannot bear in order to maintain their influence in third world countries and to maintain the balance of power in these countries; It was largely suppressed by non-governmental groups fighting US support, all of which led the Soviets to pursue more moderate policies rather than the Brezhnev doctrine and end their expansionist policies. Moreover, after the Cold War, these groups, which were supported in the context of doctrine, were not liquidated, but caused many humanitarian criticisms with their actions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of the Reagan doctrine in winning the Cold War when the security dilemma was taken into consideration in the Cold War period in the Soviet policies, the adoption of a rollback strategy that is aiming non-governmental actors who are fighting against Soviets; instead of isolation and containment strategy and establish the links between the groups supported by these policies and global terrorism after the conflict is over. The subject will be handled with a realist perspective from the theoretical point of view and literature review is chosen as the method. Keywords: Reagan doctrine, rollback strategy, low intensity conflict, Nicaraguan Civil War, Contras, Angola, Unita terrorism, Afghanistan, Cold War
The policies pursued in conjunction with the Reagan doctrine have caused the Soviets to undertake a burden that they cannot bear in order to maintain their influence in third world countries and to maintain the balance of power in these countries; It was largely suppressed by non-governmental groups fighting US support, all of which led the Soviets to pursue more moderate policies rather than the Brezhnev doctrine and end their expansionist policies. Moreover, after the Cold War, these groups, which were supported in the context of doctrine, were not liquidated, but caused many humanitarian criticisms with their actions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of the Reagan doctrine in winning the Cold War when the security dilemma was taken into consideration in the Cold War period in the Soviet policies, the adoption of a rollback strategy that is aiming non-governmental actors who are fighting against Soviets; instead of isolation and containment strategy and establish the links between the groups supported by these policies and global terrorism after the conflict is over. The subject will be handled with a realist perspective from the theoretical point of view and literature review is chosen as the method. Keywords: Reagan doctrine, rollback strategy, low intensity conflict, Nicaraguan Civil War, Contras, Angola, Unita terrorism, Afghanistan, Cold War
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Uluslararası İlişkiler, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Düşük yogunluklu çatışmalar, Reagan, Ronald, International Relations, United States of America, Soğuk savaş, Low intensity conflicts, Reagan, Ronald, Terörizm, Cold war, Uluslararası politika, Terrorism, International policy, Uluslararası terörizm, International terrorism
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