En Az Renkli Karbazol ve Karboran Esaslı Elektroaktif Bir Polimerin Sentezi ve Elektrokromik Cihazlarda Karşıt Elektrot Olarak Kullanımı
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Date
2015
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Karbazol ve karboran birimleri esaslı yeni bir elektroaktif üçlü monomer (1) potentiostatik ve potentiodinamik yöntemlerle 0.1 M tetrabütilamonyum hekzaflorofosfat/CH2Cl2 elektrolit çözeltisi içerisinde başarılı bir şekilde polimerleştirilmiştir. İlgili polimerin (P1) elektrokimyasal davranımı elektroanalitik yöntemler kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Pt elektrot yüzeyine sıkıca kaplanmış P1 polimer filmi ortam koşulları altında redoks halleri arasında anahtarlanırken yüksek dayanıklılık göstermiştir. Örneğin, polimer filmi redoks halleri arasında anahtarlanırken 1000 döngü sonrası elektroaktifliğinin %73'ünü korumuştur. Diğer bir taraftan, spektroelektrokimyasal çalışmalar göstermiştir ki polimer filminin görünür tafy bölgesinde soğurma bandı yoktur ve maksimum dalga boyu 307 nm olup 2.5 eV değerinde bir band aralığına sahiptir. Yükseltgenirken polimer filmi (58 nm) dikkate değer bir renk değişimi göstermemiştir. Sonuçlar polimer filminin renksiz ve tüm redox hallerinde %90'ın üzerinde bir geçirgenliği olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, polimer filmi nötr ve yükseltgen halleri arasında anahtarlanırken 555 nm'de % 6.8'lik bir yüzde geçirgenlik değişimi ve 12 cm2/C'luk bir renk etkinliği göstermiştir. Polimerin bu en az renk değişimi özelliği kendisini elektrokromik cihazlarda umut verici bir karşıt elektrot malzemesi yapmıştır. Poli(3,4-etilendioksitiyofen) (PEDOT) filmi ile karşılaştırıldığında (540 nm' de %61), P1 ve PEDOT esaslı hazırlanan cihaz benzer optiksel davranımlar göstermiştir. Cihaz 580 nm'de %51'lik bir yüzde geçirgenlik değişimine sahiptir. Buna ek olarak, cihaz ortam şartlarında yüksek dayanıklılık, yüksek redoks ve optiksel kararlılık göstermiştir, zira 1000 anahtarlanma sonrasında dahi farklı redoks hallerine anahtarlandığında elektro-optiksel kararlılığının %88'ini korumuştur.
A novel electroactive trimeric monomer (1) based on carbazole and carborane units was polymerized successfully via potentiostatic and potentiodynamic methods in an electrolyte solution of 0.1 M tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate/CH2Cl2. Electrochemical behavior of the corresponding polymer (P1) was investigated by using electroanalytical methods. The polymer P1 film firmly coated on the Pt electrode surface exhibited high robustness under ambient condition upon switching between its redox states. For example, 73% of the electroactivity of the film retained after 1000 cycles when switched between the redox states. On the other hand, spectroelectrochemical studies showed that the polymer film has no absorption band in the visible spectral region and has a band gap of 2.5 eV with a maximum wavelength at 307 nm. Upon oxidation, the polymer film (58 nm) did not show any appreciable color change. The results showed that the film is colorless and has a transparency over 90% at all redox states. Also, the polymer film exhibited a percent trasmittance change of 6.8% and a coloration efficiency of 12 cm2/C at 555 nm when switched between neutral and oxidized states. This minimally color changing property of the polymer film makes it a promising counter electrode material in electrochromic devices. When compared to the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) film (61% at 580 nm), the device prepared based on P1 and PEDOT films nearly exhibited similar optical behaviors, as expected. The device has a percent transmittance change of 51% at 580 nm. Also, this device exhibited high robustness, high redox and optical stability under ambient conditions since it retains 88% of its electro-optical stability even after 1000 switching cycles between various redox states.
A novel electroactive trimeric monomer (1) based on carbazole and carborane units was polymerized successfully via potentiostatic and potentiodynamic methods in an electrolyte solution of 0.1 M tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate/CH2Cl2. Electrochemical behavior of the corresponding polymer (P1) was investigated by using electroanalytical methods. The polymer P1 film firmly coated on the Pt electrode surface exhibited high robustness under ambient condition upon switching between its redox states. For example, 73% of the electroactivity of the film retained after 1000 cycles when switched between the redox states. On the other hand, spectroelectrochemical studies showed that the polymer film has no absorption band in the visible spectral region and has a band gap of 2.5 eV with a maximum wavelength at 307 nm. Upon oxidation, the polymer film (58 nm) did not show any appreciable color change. The results showed that the film is colorless and has a transparency over 90% at all redox states. Also, the polymer film exhibited a percent trasmittance change of 6.8% and a coloration efficiency of 12 cm2/C at 555 nm when switched between neutral and oxidized states. This minimally color changing property of the polymer film makes it a promising counter electrode material in electrochromic devices. When compared to the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) film (61% at 580 nm), the device prepared based on P1 and PEDOT films nearly exhibited similar optical behaviors, as expected. The device has a percent transmittance change of 51% at 580 nm. Also, this device exhibited high robustness, high redox and optical stability under ambient conditions since it retains 88% of its electro-optical stability even after 1000 switching cycles between various redox states.
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Kimya Mühendisliği, Chemical Engineering
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