On Dokuzuncu Yüzyıl Çocuk Macera Romanlarında Sömürgeci İdeolojinin Temsili: R. M. Ballantyne'nın The Coral Island, W. H. G. Kingston'ın In The Wilds Of Africa ve H. R. Haggard'ın King Solomon's Mines

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2018

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Department of English Language and Literature
(1997)
Founded in 1997, the Department of English Language and Literature is one of the first Departments of Atılım University. Through the graduate and doctorate degree programs in addition to the undergraduate program, the Department raises students and academicians. At the Department of English Language and Literature, we aim to graduate students who have studied and learned the English language and literature at an advanced level and developed the skill to produce ideas; as well as the ability to do analyses and academic research on literature. In addition to granting our students with the opportunity to develop their backgrounds in general culture, the education that we offer contributes to their interest and knowledge in contemporary and current issues. Accredited for 5 years from February 24th 2019 by FEDEK, our undergraduate program grants our students the opportunity to join Double-Major or Minor programs in Translation and Interpretation, and International Relations. Another option for the students of our Department is the Erasmus Exchange Program.
Department
Department of English Language and Literature
Our M.A. and Ph.D. programs cover English Culture and Literature studies including the most recent studies in this field. The aim of these post graduate programs is to enable students to benefit from these studies to create original thoughts and views and also guide them in their academic studies, written in accordance with academic rules. The M.A. and Ph.D. programs have been opened under the department of English Language and Literature of the Graduate School of Social Sciences at Atılım University. The M.A. program was opened in 30.12.1998 and the Ph.D. program was opened in 15.10.2009, the titles of both were changed into “English Culture and Literature” in 23.09.2011 and in 02.08.2010 respectively. The courses in both programs cover mainly the studies that have been conducted in the field of English Literature and Culture and the aim of both programs is to provide students with the ability to develop their academic skills while doing academic research which will widen their academic horizons.

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Bu çalışma on dokuzuncu yüzyıl çocuk macera romanlarının, macera adı altında, İngiliz sömürgeciliğinin propagandasını yaptığını ileri sürmektedir. Bunu göstermek için de, R. M. Ballantyne'nın The Coral Island (1858), W. H. G. Kingston'ın In the Wilds of Africa (1871) ve H. R. Haggard'ın King Solomon's Mines (1885) romanlarını postkolonyal teori yaklaşımıyla incelemektedir. Çalışmada, bahsedilen romanların analizleri için başlıca postkolonyal eleştirmen Edward Said, Homi K. Bhabha ve sömürge karşıtı düşünür Frantz Fanon'un yaklaşımı kullanılmaktadır. Seçilen romanlarda örneklendirilen 'stereotip,' 'öteki,' 'sömürgeci bakışı,' 'taklitçilik,' 'melezlik,' 'üçüncü uzam,' ve 'ikilem' gibi postkolonyal kavramların araştırılmasındaki amaç, sömürgeci söylemin, sömürgeci ideolojiyi güçlendirmek ve çocuk okuyuculara iletmek için nasıl işlediğini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Yapılan analizlerin ışığında çalışma; on dokuzuncu yüzyıl çocuk macera romanlarının, anlatıcı, olay örgüsü, yer ve zaman, karakter oluşturma ve içerik özellikleri açısından izledikleri benzer bir modelle geleceğin 'ideal' İngiliz sömürgecilerini oluşturmaya çalıştığını göstermektedir. Söz konusu romanların basımı arasında geçen süreyi göz önünde bulundurulduğunda çalışma; ayrıca, on dokuzuncu yüzyılın sonuna doğru, sömürgeci, asimile ve hibrid kişiler arasında daha uyumlu bir ilişki sundukları için romanların birbirinden farklılaştığını da göstermektedir. Böylece, çalışma, on dokuzuncu yüzyıl İngiliz çocuk macera romanlarının, sömürgeci ideolojinin ürünü ve sürdürücüleri olarak düşünülebileceği sonucunu çıkarmaktadır.
The study argues that nineteenth-century children's adventure novels make propaganda for the British Imperialism under the cover of adventure. To indicate this, it analyses R. M. Ballantyne's The Coral Island (1858), W. H. G. Kingston's In the Wilds of Africa (1871) and H. R. Haggard's King Solomon's Mines (1885) within the frame of postcolonial theory. In the study, mainly postcolonial critics Edward Said's, Homi K. Bhabha's and anticolonial thinker Frantz Fanon's approaches are employed for the analyses of the aforementioned novels. The point in exploring postcolonial concepts such as 'stereotype,' 'other,' 'colonial gaze,' 'mimicry,' 'hybridity,' 'third space,' and 'ambivalence' exemplified in the selected novels, is to find out how colonial discourse operates in them to reinforce and convey the imperialist ideology to child readers. In light of the analyses, the study reveals that nineteenth-century adventure novels attempt to construct 'ideal' British colonisers of the future with a similar pattern they follow in regards to the features of narrative voice, plot structure, setting, characterisation and content. Considering the elapsed time among the publication of the novels, the study also indicates that they differ from one another as they present a more harmonious relationship among the coloniser and the assimilated and hybrid colonised towards the end of the nineteenth-century. Thus, the study concludes that nineteenth-century children's adventure novels may be considered to be products and perpetuators of the imperialist ideology.

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İngiliz Dili ve Edebiyatı, 19. yüzyıl, Roman, Sömürgecilik, English Linguistics and Literature, Çocuk edebiyatı, 19. century, Novel, Çocuk kitapları, Colonialism, Children’s literature, İngiliz edebiyatı, Children's books, English literature, İngiliz romanı, British novel

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