Tek silindirli hbo motorun performans gelişimi

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2020

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Automotive Engineering
(2009)
Having started education in 2009, the Atılım university Department of Automotive Engineering offers an academic environment at international standards, with its education in English, a contemporary curriculum and ever-better and ever-developing laboratory opportunities. In addition to undergraduate degree education, the graduate program of multi-disciplinary mechanical engineering offers the opportunity for graduate and doctorate degree education automotive engineering. The Atılım University Automotive Engineering has been selected to be the best in Turkey in 2020 in the field of automotive engineering with studies in energy efficiency, motor performance, active/ passive automotive security and vehicle dynamics conducted in the already-existing laboratories of its own. Our graduates are employed at large-scale companies that operate in Turkey, such as Isuzu, Ford Otosan, Hattat, Honda, Hyundai, Karsan, Man, Mercedes-Benz, Otokar, Renault, Temsa, Tofaş, Toyota, Türk Traktör, Volkswagen (to start operation in 2020). In addition, our graduates have been hired at institutions such as Tübitak, Tai, Aselsan, FNSS, Ministry of National Defence, Tcdd etc. or at supplier industries in Turkey. Due to the recent evolution undergone by the automotive industry with the development of electric, hybrid and autonomous vehicle technologies, automotive engineering has gained popularity, and is becoming ever more exhilarating. In addition to combustion engine technologies, our students also gain expertise in these fields. The “Formula Student Car” contest organized since 2011 by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) where our Department ranked third globally in 2016 is one of the top projects conducted by our department where we value hands-on training. Our curriculum, updated in 2020, focuses on computer calculation and simulation courses, as well as laboratory practice, catered to modern automotive technologies.

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The development of 2 and 4 stroke cycle prototype spark ignition engines using gasoline, manufactured by Minisan A.Ş., is intended in this study. The engines, designed to operate with carburetors and conventional ignition system, functioned successfully. The first designed engine was manufactured with a similar cylinder head, valve configuration, spark plug location and equal cylinder diameter and piston stroke with the ACME model engine, for comparison. The geometry of the connecting rod was altered. The center of the crankshaft shifted approximately 40 – 70 mm from the center of the cylinder. The specific fuel consumption of the new engine was lower and a decision was made to develop it. After the first 340 cc prototype, 2 cylinder, air and water cooled prototype engines were manufactured. A 340 cc engine was also developed within the scope of this thesis. Appropriate combustion chamber geometry and valve configuration for the thermodynamic cycle of these engines were not included in this study. Within the scope of the thesis, commercial electronic fuel injection and ignition systems were acquired and adapted to the engines. These systems were operated by electronic control units (ECU) which were acquired. Theoretical simulation and experimental performance and mapping work were done on the engines for programming the ECU. Two dimensional tables were constructed for the injectors and igniton systems to follow according to the working modes of the engines and were uploaded to the ECU's. Performance tests were conducted with the iv upgraded electronic injection and ignition system of the engines. In comparison to the operation of the engines with carburetors and conventional ignition system, for same engine speed ranges and loads up to 20 percent increase was observed for the excess air coefficient and up to 30 percent decrease was observed for the brake specific fuel consumption. Keywords: Internal combustion engine, ignition system, performance evaluation tests.
Bu tezde Minisan A.Ş. tarafından prototipleri üretilen, tek ve iki silindirli, 2 ve 4 zamanlı, buji ateşlemeli, benzinle çalışan içten yanmalı motorların geliştirilmesi ve performanslarının deneylerle saptanması amaçlandı. Karbüratörlü ve konvansiyonel ateşlemeli olarak tasarlanan motorlar başarılı bir şekilde çalıştı. İlk tasarlanan motorla benzer silindir kafası, sübab düzeni, buji yerleşimi, aynı silindir çapı ve piston stroku ile üretildi. Sadece biyel kolunun geometrisi değiştirildi. Bununla birlikte krank milinin merkezi silindir merkezinden yaklaşık 40 – 70 mm kaydı. Benzer tork ve devirlerde yeni motorun özgül yakıt tüketiminin daha düşük olduğu görüldükten sonra geliştirilmesine karar verildi. 340 cc süpürme hacimli olan ilk prototipten sonra 2 silindirli hava ve su soğutmalı prototip HBO motorlar üretildi. Bu tez kapsamında 340 cc hacimli olan motorun da geliştirme çalışması yapıldı. Motorların çevrimlerine uygun yanma odası ve sübap ayarları için gereken kam mili geometrisi bu çalışmanın kapsamına dahil edilmedi. Tez kapsamında piyasadan temin edilen elektronik yakıt püskürtmeli ve elektronik ateşlemeli sistemler motorlara adapte edildi. Bu sistemler, satın alınan elektronik kontrol ünitelerinin (EKÜ) denetimi altında çalıştırıldı. Ekü programlaması için prototip motorlar üzerinde teorik simülasyon ve deneysel performans haritalama çalışmaları yapıldı. Enjektörlerin ve ateşleme sistemleri ile performans deneyleri yapıldı. Motorların karbüratörlü ve konvansiyonel ateşlemeli sistemleri ile performans deneyleri yapıldı. Motorların karbüratörlü ve konvansiyonel vi ateşlemeli aynı devir aralığı ve yük aralığındaki çalışmalarına göre hava fazlalık katsayılarında %20' e varan artış ve özgül yakıt tüketimlerinde %30'a varan azalma görüldü. Anahtar Kelimeler: İçten yanmalı motor, motorun ateşleme sistemi, performans geliştirme testleri

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Makine Mühendisliği, Mechanical Engineering

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88