Libya kamu websitelerinin kullanılabilirlik ve erişilebilirlik değerlendirmesi
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Date
2017
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Open Access Color
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E-devlet uygulamaları yaşlı ve engelli insalara etkili, verimli ve memnuniyet verici hizmetler sunarak faydalı olabilirler. Ancak, bu kişilerin e-devlet uygulamaları aracılığıyla kamu hizmetlerinden maksimum faydayı alabilmeleri için, kullanılabilirlik ve erişilebilirlik kriterlerini karşılaması gereklidir. Son zamanlarda kamu websitelerinin sayısında görünen büyük artışa rağmen, bu sitelerin kötü kullanılabilirlik ve erişilebilirlik özellikleri sonucunda vatandaşların ihtiyaç ve beklentieri karşılanamamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı da Libya'da bulunan kamu websitelerinin kullanılabilirlik ve erişilebilirliklerini değerlendirmektir. Kullanılabilirlik değerlendirmesi sezgisel üzerinden 32 kullanıcı ile, erişilebilirlik değerlendirmesi ise otomatik değerlendirme araçları ile yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla, 10 kamu websitesi WCAG 2.0 kriterleri doğrultusunda değerlendirilmiş, seçilen bir kamu websitesi ise detaylı olarak kullanılabilirlik kriterlerie göre analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre Management of Scholarships websitesinde önemli kullanılabilirlik problemleri tespit edilmiştir. Sistem durumunun görünürlüğü, kullanıcı kontrolü ve özgürlük, ve hataları önleme sezgisel maddeleri en fazla ihlal edilen meddeler olarak belirlenmiştir. Achecker aracı raporuna göre Management of Scholarahips haricindeki tüm Libya kamu websiteleri erişilebilirlik kriterleirni karşılamamışlardır. TAW aracına göre ise tüm websiteler bu açıdan başarısız olmuşlardır. Her bir metin dışı unsur için metin alternatiflerinin sağlanması en fazla ihlal edilen başarı kriteri olarak görülmüştür. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kullanılabilirlik, Erişilebilirlik, e-Devlet, Kamu Websiteleri, Otomatik Değerlendirme Araçları, Sezgisel Değerlendirme
E-government applications may have benefits for the elderly or people with disabilities in terms of providing them with more effective, efficient and satisfactory services. However, for these citizens to get maximum benefits from government services through e-government applications, usability and accessibility criteria should be met. Despite the recent huge increase in the number of government websites, the poor usability and accessibility characteristics of these websites result in a failure to fulfill citizens' needs and expectations. The aim of this study was to evaluate usability and accessibility of Libyan government websites. Usability evaluation was conducted by recruiting 32 end users with heuristics and accessibility evaluation was performed using automated testing tools. To this end, a total of 10 government websites in Libya were analyzed according to the criteria of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 and one of them was selected for further analysis based on usability criteria. Results of the study showed that Management of Scholarships website had significant number of usability problems. Visibility of system status, user control and freedom, and user help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors were the most violated heuristic items. All Libyan government websites did not pass accessibility evaluation, except Management of Scholarships, for AChecker tool, but they all failed in TAW tool. Providing text alternatives for each non-text elements was the most frequently violated success criteria for Libyan government websites. Keywords: Usability, Accessibility, e-Government, Government Websites, Automation Evaluation Tools, Heuristics Evaluation
E-government applications may have benefits for the elderly or people with disabilities in terms of providing them with more effective, efficient and satisfactory services. However, for these citizens to get maximum benefits from government services through e-government applications, usability and accessibility criteria should be met. Despite the recent huge increase in the number of government websites, the poor usability and accessibility characteristics of these websites result in a failure to fulfill citizens' needs and expectations. The aim of this study was to evaluate usability and accessibility of Libyan government websites. Usability evaluation was conducted by recruiting 32 end users with heuristics and accessibility evaluation was performed using automated testing tools. To this end, a total of 10 government websites in Libya were analyzed according to the criteria of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 and one of them was selected for further analysis based on usability criteria. Results of the study showed that Management of Scholarships website had significant number of usability problems. Visibility of system status, user control and freedom, and user help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors were the most violated heuristic items. All Libyan government websites did not pass accessibility evaluation, except Management of Scholarships, for AChecker tool, but they all failed in TAW tool. Providing text alternatives for each non-text elements was the most frequently violated success criteria for Libyan government websites. Keywords: Usability, Accessibility, e-Government, Government Websites, Automation Evaluation Tools, Heuristics Evaluation
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Bilgisayar Mühendisliği Bilimleri-Bilgisayar ve Kontrol, Computer Engineering and Computer Science and Control, Bilim ve Teknoloji, Science and Technology
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82