Hiv and Fertility in Africa: First Evidence From Population-Based Surveys

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Date

2013

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Springer

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Department of Business
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Abstract

The historical pattern of the demographic transition suggests that fertility declines follow mortality declines, followed by a rise in human capital accumulation and economic growth. The HIV/AIDS epidemic threatens to reverse this path. We utilize recent rounds of the demographic and health surveys that link an individual woman's fertility outcomes to her HIV status based on testing. The data allow us to distinguish the effect of own positive HIV status on fertility (which may be due to lower fecundity and other physiological reasons) from the behavioral response to higher mortality risk, as measured by the local community HIV prevalence. We show that although HIV-infected women have significantly lower fertility, local community HIV prevalence has no significant effect on noninfected women's fertility.

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Turan, Belgi/0000-0002-5614-8587

Keywords

HIV/AIDS, Fertility, Economic development

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Volume

26

Issue

3

Start Page

835

End Page

853

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