Forced oscillation of delay difference equations via nonprincipal solution

Abstract

In this paper, we obtain a new oscillation result for delay difference equations of the form Delta(r(n)Delta x(n)) + a(n)x(tau n) = b(n); n is an element of N under the assumption that corresponding homogenous equation Delta(r(n)Delta z(n)) + a(n)z(n+1) = 0; n is an element of N is nonoscillatory, where tau(n) <= n + 1. It is observed that the oscillation behaviormay be altered due to presence of the delay. Extensions to forced Emden-Fowler-type delay difference equations Delta(r(n)Delta x(n)) + a(n)vertical bar x(tau n)vertical bar(alpha-1)x(tau n) = b(n); n is an element of N in the sublinear (0 < alpha < 1) and the superlinear (1 < alpha) cases are also discussed.