Yakup Darama

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Citation - WoS: 9
Citation - Scopus: 10
Land Degradation by Erosion Occurred After Irrigation Development in the Harran Plain, Southeastern Turkey
(Springer, 2021) Darama, Yakup; Yilmaz, Kutay; Melek, A. Berhan
A study was made to determine the erosion problem and determine the amount of suspended sediment transport in the drainage channels of the Harran Plain by conducting periodic suspended sediment sampling and discharge measurements in the field between 1997 and 2017. When irrigation in the Harran Plain started in 1990, the production of the agricultural goods quadrupled within a few years. Unfortunately, excessive amounts of irrigation water supplied to irrigate crops also led to the erosion of the soil in the fields by surface runoff. Furthermore, the mixture of clay, silt, and fine sand in the topsoil from certain areas accumulated in the tertiary and secondary drainage systems and reduced the effectiveness of the drainage system. Analysis of the suspended sediment measurements between 1997 and 2017 showed that the yearly averaged sediment transported to Syria by the main drainage canal of the Harran Plain varied between 128 ton.day(-1) to 1268 ton.day(-1), and the average of the 21-year measurement is about 682 ton.day(-1). The logarithmic plot of the suspended sediment rating curve showed that as the discharge of the Cullap Creek increases, the sediment transport rate also increases linearly. It means excess furrow irrigation could cause substantial topsoil loss. Sediment erosion resulting from rainfall events in the Harran Plain is also computed using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). The results showed that rainfall erosion from the Harran Plain is 131.5 ton.day(-1). A comparison of this value with the 21-year value of average sediment erosion by irrigation shows that approximately 20% of sediment erosion from the Harran Plain was caused by rainfall events, and the remaining 80% was caused by excess irrigation water in the area. A 2D numerical model was constructed with MIKE 21 software applying Van Rijn Method to calculate suspended sediment load due to irrigation, and it allowed to calculate the load with a 6.47% error. Grouping the irrigated and non-irrigated periods and applying independent t test, a statistical approach constituted and resulted in 79.2% of suspended sediment load is caused by irrigation. The numerical model and statistical analysis supported the findings of field data and RUSLE Model results. The study showed that the main reason of the topsoil loss in the Harran Plain is the excess furrow irrigation.
Citation - Scopus: 48
Locating Site Selection for Rainwater Harvesting Structure Using Remote Sensing and Gis
(Institute of Physics Publishing, 2020) Khudhair,M.A.; Sayl,K.N.; Darama,Y.
Rainfall is a key source to diminish the problem of water scarcity in the arid and semi-arid regions. Rainwater harvesting is considered an imperious tool for rainwater conservation. Locating the appropriate location for rainwater harvesting structure plays an important role to increase water availability and improve water resources planning. The main goal of this paper is to recognize the proper location for a rainwater harvesting structure using a suitability model generated with ModelBuilder in ArcGIS. Six thematic layers i.e. soil structure, slope, drainage density, vegetation cover, distance to the roads, and runoff depth, are considered to find the proper site for rainwater harvesting structure. The result shows that 12% represents the suitable zone of the total study area, 42% represents the medium suitable area, and 46% represents not suitable areas to implement rainwater harvesting structure. The application of this scheme should maintain any policy adoption for site selection for rainwater harvesting. © 2020 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

Journal	Count
Natural Hazards	2
Environmental Earth Sciences	1
Hydrological Research Letters	1
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering -- 3rd International Conference on Sustainable Engineering Techniques, ICSET 2020 -- 15 April 2020 -- Baghdad, Vitrual -- 162233	1
Journal of Hydrologic Engineering	1

Darama, Yakup

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Sustainable Development Goals

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ZERO HUNGER

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SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES

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LIFE BELOW WATER

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CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION

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NO POVERTY

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GENDER EQUALITY

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INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE

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PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS

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PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS

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LIFE ON LAND

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REDUCED INEQUALITIES

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AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY

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DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

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QUALITY EDUCATION

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RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION

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GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING

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