Browsing by Author "Hacaloğlu, Tuna"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 27

Citation Count: 11
Assessing Team Work in Engineering Projects
(Tempus Publications, 2015) Mishra, Deepti; Ostrovska, Sofiya; Hacaloglu, Tuna; Mathematics; Computer Engineering; Information Systems Engineering
Team work is considered a valuable teaching technique in higher education. However, the assessment of an individual's work in teams has proved to be a challenging task. Consequently, self-and peer-evaluations are becoming increasingly popular for the assessment of individuals in a team work, though it is essential to determine whether students can judge their own as well as their peer's performance effectively. Self-and peer-evaluations have been applied in different disciplines and their authenticity with regard to teacher's assessment has been evaluated in the literature but this issue has not been investigated in the field of engineering education so far. In this study, a peer-and self-assessment procedure is applied to the evaluation of a project work conducted in teams of 3 or 4 students. The participants were engineering students taking two similar courses related with database design and development. It is found that a majority of the students were unable to assess themselves as objectively as their instructor. Further, it is observed that successful students tend to under-estimate, whereas unsuccessful students tend to over-estimate, their own performance. The paper also establishes that the results of self-assessments are independent from the gender factor.
Citation Count: 12
Assessing team work in engineering projects
(Tempus Publications, 2015) Mishra,D.; Ostrovska,S.; Hacaloglu,T.; Mathematics; Computer Engineering; Information Systems Engineering
Team work is considered a valuable teaching technique in higher education. However, the assessment of an individual's work in teams has proved to be a challenging task. Consequently, self- and peer-evaluations are becoming increasingly popular for the assessment of individuals in a team work, though it is essential to determine whether students can judge their ownas well as their peer's performance effectively. Self- and peer-evaluations have been applied in different disciplines and their authenticity with regard to teacher's assessment has been evaluated in the literature but this issue has not been investigated in the field of engineering education so far. In this study, a peer- and self-assessment procedure is applied to the evaluation of a project work conducted in teams of 3 or 4 students. The participants were engineering students taking two similar courses related with database design and development. It is found that a majority of the students were unable to assess themselves as objectively as their instructor. Further, it is observed that successful students tend to under-estimate, whereas unsuccessful students tend to over-estimate, their own performance. The paper also establishes that the results of self-assessments are independent from the gender factor. © 2015 TEMPUS Publications.
Citation Count: 5
Challenges of using software size in agile software development: A systematic literature review
(CEUR-WS, 2018) Hacaloglu,T.; Demirors,O.; Information Systems Engineering
Software size is a fundamental measure for software management. Size is used for a variety of purposes, such as benchmarking, normalization, and portfolio measurement, and it is frequently considered as the sole input of estimation. Estimations can be produced for various reasons; e.g., to predict effort, cost and duration of software development projects. There are different types of software size measures. Particularly in projects where agile methodologies are adopted, measurement becomes a significant challenge as it is perceived as a non-value-added task and records of tasks such as requirements identification are not always consistent. The difficulties of applying traditional size measurement techniques in agile contexts, however, do not diminish the need, and new methods and techniques are introduced to improve the manageability of the agile projects. In this paper, we discuss estimation and measurement approaches in relation with ―software size in agile contexts. Based on this review, we present the perceptions of software size and related challenges, such as misinterpretation of size, difficulties in implementation, and acceptability of the measurement processes. We anticipate that providing a baseline for the state of software size measures in agile contexts and presenting related challenges, particularly in terms of its acceptability by practitioners can shed light on the development of new techniques. © 2018 CEUR-WS. All rights reserved.
Citation Count: 0
COSMIC light vs COSMIC classic manual: Case studies in functional size measurement
(CEUR-WS, 2020) Hacaloglu,T.; Unlu,H.; Demirors,O.; Abran,A.; Information Systems Engineering
Functional size has been used in software engineering for more than 40 years. When measured early in the software development life cycle, it can serve as direct input for effort estimation. The COSMIC Functional Size Measurement (FSM) method developed by the Common Software Measurement Consortium (COSMIC) is the latest ISO-compliant functional sizing method. A streamlined manual titled ''Software Development Velocity with COSMIC Function Points'' summarizes the measurement process and shortens the learning time. The aim of this study is to compare the classic COSMIC FSM manual and this new “light” manual in terms of accuracy of the resulting FSM applied to case studies. The findings show that use of the light manual results in accurate measurement. In addition, there were no significant time differences between the two. With respect to the variations in COSMIC Function Points (CFP) values in the two case studies, they three causes were identified: the Object of Interest (OOI) concept and corresponding data groups, details regarding Functional Process Independence, and Error/Confirmation messages related to the scope of the information included in the manuals. Copyright © 2020 for this paper by its authors.
DEMOGRAFİK TAVSİYE SİSTEMLERİNE YÖNELİK BİR MODEL
(Bilim ve Teknoloji, 2013) Hacaloğlu, Tuna; Özkan Yıldırım, Sevgi; Information Systems Engineering
İnternet kullanımının dünya çapına yayılması ve bunun sonucu olarak web içeriğindeki sürekli artış kullanıcılara onları daha çok ilgilendirecek daha kişiselleştirilmiş ürün ve servis sunma ihtiyacı doğurmuştur. Özellikle e-ticaretin de gelişmesiyle artık hemen hemen her şirket müşterilerine web üzerinden hizmet sunmaktadır. Buna bağlı olarak son yıllarda web üzerinde gezinmedeki değişiklik dikkat çekici bir hale gelmiştir. Eskiden web siteleri kullanıcılara herkese aynı olacak şekilde genel ürünler sunmaktaydı. Bunun sonucunda kullanıcılar web sitesinin kendilerine sundukları ürünler arasından bir seçim yapmak zorunda kalıyorlardı. Günümüzde ise web siteleri kullanıcılarına uyum göstermeye başladılar ve kullanıcılarının bir takım özelliklerini dikkate alarak, genel seçenekler yerine onları daha çok ilgilendiren özel seçenekler sunar hale geldiler. Web’i çok büyük bir bilgi havuzu olarak düşündüğümüzde kullanıcının kendisi için gerekli olan bilgiyi bulmak için gerekli olmayan başka bilgilerle de karşı kalabileceğini görürüz. Bilgi diye adlandırdığımız; film, TV programı, reklam, müzik, kitap, tatil alternatifleri, eğitim, ders materyalleri, blog makaleleri, mobilya, giysi, vb. gibi web de sunulan her tip üründür. Bu bağlamda tavsiye sistemlerini kullanıcıların ihtiyaçlarına göre ürün veya servis öneren sistem olarak tanımlayabiliriz [1]. Bu tür tavsiye sistemlerinin dikkate aldıkları kullanıcı özellikleri kullanıcıların yaş, eğitim, cinsiyet, meslek ve yaşadıkları şehir gibi genellikle sabit olan demografik bilgileri olabilirken; kullanıcıların sistemle etkileşimleri geçmişte aldıkları, inceledikleri ürünler, gezindikleri web siteleri gibi dinamik veriler de olabilir. Bunun yanında söz konusu kullanıcılarla benzer özellik gösteren diğer kullanıcılar veya aynı kullanıcının daha önce almış olduğu ürün ile diğer ürünler arasındaki benzerlikler hep tavsiye sistemlerinin temelinde çalışan bir takım akıllı algoritmalar ile tespit edilmekte ve bu sayede kullanıcılara daha özel ve onları ilgilendirecek ürünler sunulmaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu sistemler hem tüketici hem de üretici için fayda sağlamaktadır.
Citation Count: 24
Effort estimation for agile software development: Comparative case studies using COSMIC functional size measurement and story points
(Association for Computing Machinery, 2017) Salmanoglu,M.; Hacaloglu,T.; Demirors,O.; Information Systems Engineering
Agile methodologies have gained significant popularity among software development organizations during the last decade. Although agile methodologies are regarded as minimizing formal processes, they still utilize an estimation methodology for proper management. Story point is the most common input for agile effort estimation. Story point is an arbitrary measure; it reflects experiences of project participants. On the other hand, functional size is an alternative measure used in practice as an input for effort estimation. In this research, we collect and present the outcomes of three case studies which compared the effectiveness of COSMIC-based and story point based effort estimation in agile context. On selected projects of these organizations, software functional size was measured with COSMIC functional size measurement methodology. Effort prediction models were formed by using COSMIC size and actual effort spent; and the models were tested in terms of their effectiveness. The results show controversial outcomes. For all the cases, COSMIC based estimation was more precise. Therefore, COSMIC is an appropriate measure to estimate the effort in organizations that adopt agile software development. It is also observed that COSMIC allowed for computing productivity which has less disperse distribution than the productivity computed with SP. The data is also provided to help other researchers conduct their own studies. © 2017 Association for Computing Machinery.
Citation Count: 1
Effort Prediction for Microservices: A Case Study
(Ieee, 2021) Unlu, Huseyin; Hacaloglu, Tuna; Leblebici, Onur; Demirors, Onur; Information Systems Engineering
Software size measurement is critical as an input to perform important project management processes such as effort, cost and schedule estimation. Functional size measurement (FSM) methods are beneficial in terms of being applicable in the early phases of the software life cycle over functional requirements and providing a systematic and repeatable method. However, in agile organizations, it can be challenging to seperate measurement components of FSM methods from requirements in the early phases as the documentation is kept to a minimum compared to traditional methods such as the Waterfall Model and is detailed as the project steps. In addition, the existing FSM methods are not fully compatible with today's architectural structures, which are from being data-driven and to evolve into a behaviour-oriented structure. In this study, we performed a case study which includes a project developed with agile methods and using microservice-based architecture to compare the effectiveness of COSMIC FSM and event-based software size measurement. For this purpose, we measured the size of the project and created effort estimation models based on two methods. The measurers had difficulty in applying both methods due to the limited detail level of the requirements in the project. However, the event-based method was found to estimate effort with less error than the COSMIC FSM method.
Citation Count: 9
Examining the Use of Non-fungible Tokens (NFTs) as a Trading Mechanism for the Metaverse
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Yilmaz,M.; Hacaloğlu,T.; Clarke,P.; Civil Engineering; Information Systems Engineering
The notion of a metaverse seems hard to define but encourages the impression that it can be considered as a new virtual metaphysical landscape that somehow goes beyond our geographical locations and understanding (i.e., independent of time and space). Based on virtual reality, augmented reality, and blockchain, it is envisioned as an independent but extended world that is planned to be a digital virtuality entrenched not only in our old habits such as gaming and entertainment but also in virtual asset trade. In particular, trading is a pillar of the virtual economy, and auction houses will be crucial for Metaverse trading. This exploratory study examines the possibility of using an auction environment to improve the trading capabilities in a virtual universe. We investigate the cases of creating a virtual auction house with the potential of social trading of virtual assets with crypto coins and bartering. To this end, we built a virtual auction house and tested it initially using a set of scenarios. Our preliminary findings suggest that creating a virtual trading environment would be beneficial as an environment for buying and selling virtual assets and exploring their consequences. © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Citation Count: 2
An Exploratory Case Study on Effort Estimation in Microservices
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Unlu,H.; Hacaloglu,T.; Omural,N.K.; Caliskanel,N.; Leblebici,O.; Demirors,O.; Information Systems Engineering
Software project management plays an important role in producing high-quality software, and effort estimation can be considered as a backbone for successful project management. Size is a very significant attribute of software by being the only input to perform early effort estimation. Even though functional size measurement methods showed successful results in effort estimation of traditional data-centric architectures such as monoliths, they were not designed for today's architectures which are more service-based and decentralized such as microservices. In these new systems, the event concept is highly used specifically for communication among different services. By being motivated by this fact, in this study, we looked for more microservice-compatible ways of sizing microservices using events and developed a method accordingly. Then, we conducted an exploratory case study in an organization using agile methods and measured the size of 17 Product Backlog Items (PBIs) to assess how this proposed method can be useful in effort estimation in microservices. The implication from the case study is that despite performing a more accurate effort estimation using the proposed size measurement than COSMIC, we were unable to significantly outperform using the total number of events. However, our suggested approach demonstrated to us a different way to use software size in terms of events, namely, to determine the coupling complexity of the project. This finding can be beneficial specifically when evaluating the change requests. © 2023 IEEE.
Citation Count: 0
An exploratory case study using events as a software size measure
(Springer, 2023) Hacaloglu, Tuna; Demirors, Onur; Information Systems Engineering
Software Size Measurement is a critical task in Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). It is the primary input for effort estimation models and an important measure for project control and process improvement. There exist various size measurement methods whose successes have already been proven for traditional software architectures and application domains. Being one of them, functional size measurement (FSM) attracts specific attention due to its applicability at the early phases of SDLC. Although FSM methods were successful on the data-base centric, transaction oriented stand-alone applications, in contemporary software development projects, Agile methods are highly used, and a centralized database and a relational approach are not used as before while the requirements suffer from a lack of detail. Today's software is frequently service based, highly distributed, message-driven, scalable and has unprecedented levels of availability. In the new era, event-driven architectures are appearing as one of the emerging approaches where the 'event' concept largely replaces the 'data' concept. Considering the important place of events in contemporary architectures, we focused on approaching the software size measurement problem from the event-driven perspective. This situation guided us to explore how useful event as a size measure in comparison to data-movement based methods. The findings of our study indicates that events can be promising for measurement and should be investigated further in detail to be formalized for creating a measurement model thereby providing a replicable approach.
Citation Count: 9
Exploring and expanding students' success in software testing
(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2017) Mishra, Deepti; Ostrovska, Sofiya; Hacaloglu, Tuna; Mathematics; Information Systems Engineering; Computer Engineering
Purpose - Testing is one of the indispensable activities in software development and is being adopted as an independent course by software engineering (SE) departments at universities worldwide. The purpose of this paper is to carry out an investigation of the performance of learners about testing, given the tendencies in the industry and motivation caused by the unavailability of similar studies in software testing field. Design/methodology/approach - This study is based on the data collected over three years (between 2012 and 2014) from students taking the software testing course. The course is included in the second year of undergraduate curriculum for the bachelor of engineering (SE). Findings - It has been observed that, from the performance perspective, automated testing outperforms structural and functional testing techniques, and that a strong correlation exists among these three approaches. Moreover, a strong programming background does help toward further success in structural and automated testing, but has no effect on functional testing. The results of different teaching styles within the course are also presented together with an analysis exploring the relationship between students' gender and success in the software testing course, revealing that there is no difference in terms of performance between male and female students in the course. Moreover, it is advisable to introduce teaching concepts one at a time because students find it difficult to grasp the ideas otherwise. Research limitations/implications - These findings are based on the analysis conducted using three years of data collected while teaching a course in testing. Obviously, there are some limitations to this study. For example, student's strength in programming is calculated using the score of C programming courses taken in previous year/semester. Such scores may not reflect their current level of programming knowledge. Furthermore, attempt was made to ensure that the exercises given for different testing techniques have similar difficulty level to guarantee that the difference in success between these testing techniques is due to the inherent complexity of the technique itself and not because of different exercises. Still, there is small probability that a certain degree of change in success may be due to the difference in the difficulty levels of the exercises. As such, it is obviously premature to consider the present results as final since there is a lack of similar type of studies, with which the authors can compare the results. Therefore, more work needs to be done in different settings to draw sound conclusions in this respect. Originality/value - Although there are few studies (see e.g. Chan et al., 2005; Garousi and Zhi, 2013; Ng et al., 2004) exploring the preference of testers over distinct software testing techniques in the industry, there appears to be no paper comparing the preferences and performances of learners in terms of different testing techniques.
Citation Count: 8
Measureability of functional size in Agile software projects: Multiple case studies with COSMIC FSM
(Ieee, 2019) Hacaloglu, Tuna; Demirors, Onur; Information Systems Engineering
Functional size measurement (FSM) has been used in software engineering for decades as a main driver for estimation and significant input for other various project management activities throughout the project life span. To apply FSM accurately at the early stages of software development process, especially for estimation purposes, functional user requirements need to be available in detail as required by the adopted FSM method. However, in agile software development, requirement specifications, in general, are kept minimal. For this reason, the adjustment of the requirements to the necessary granularity level has been articulated as one of the barriers preventing the diffusion of FSM practices among agile teams. In this paper, we take a closer look at this problem in order to investigate the usability of FSM and to reveal FSM related challenges empirically through case studies on real agile projects from different software organizations. This study also provides a snapshot of agile organizations in terms of requirement specification and estimation related practices
Citation Count: 2
Online collaborative tool usage for review meetings in software engineering courses
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Turhan, Cigdem; Akman, Ibrahim; Hacaloglu, Tuna; Information Systems Engineering; Software Engineering; Computer Engineering
The instructors generally utilize conventional methods in teaching software engineering courses, where the students are provided theoretical knowledge based on text books or lecture notes. Usage of collaborative tools may be a solution to the problems of not practicing the depth of the components of the subject. This study proposes the usage of a collaborative tool, namely, Google Docs in a software engineering course based on predefined scenarios. The review meeting subject was selected for this purpose and students' reactions were assessed with a survey after the completion of the experiments. The survey data were analysed using least square regression method. The results have shown that efficiency, certainty, satisfaction, advantage, complexity, learnability, and intention are indicators of the adoption of the online collaborative tool.
Citation Count: 1
A Software Development Process Model for Cloud by Combining Traditional Approaches
(Springer international Publishing Ag, 2015) Hacaloglu, Tuna; Eren, P. Erhan; Mishra, Deepti; Mishra, Alok; Information Systems Engineering; Software Engineering; Computer Engineering
Even though cloud computing is a technological paradigm that has been adopted more and more in various domains, there are few studies investigating the software development lifecycle in cloud computing applications and there is still not a comprehensive software development process model developed for cloud computing yet. Due to the nature of cloud computing that is completely different from the traditional software development, there is a need of suggesting process models to perform the software development systematically to create high quality software. In this study, we propose a new conceptual Software Development Life Cycle Model for Cloud Software Development that incorporates characteristics of different process models for traditional software development. The proposed model takes traditional model's specific characteristics into account and also considers cloud's specific nature i.e. advantages and challenges as well.
Citation Count: 0
Software Size Measurement: Bridging Research and Practice
(Ieee Computer Soc, 2024) Hacaloglu, Tuna; Unlu, Huseyin; Yildiz, Ali; Demirors, Onur; Information Systems Engineering
This study investigates the limited adoption of functional size measurement methods in the software development industry. Using insights from firms experienced in size measurement, it aims to uncover industry expectations and facilitate the translation of theoretical methodologies into practical applications.
Citation Count: 62
Software test maturity assessment and test process improvement: A multivocal literature review
(Elsevier, 2017) Garousi, Vahid; Felderer, Michael; Hacaloglu, Tuna; Information Systems Engineering; Software Engineering
Context: Software testing practices and processes in many companies are far from being mature and are usually conducted in ad-hoc fashions. Such immature practices lead to various negative outcomes, e.g., ineffectiveness of testing practices in detecting all the defects, and cost and schedule overruns of testing activities. To conduct test maturity assessment (TMA) and test process improvement (TPI) in a systematic manner, various TMA/TPI models and approaches have been proposed. Objective: It is important to identify the state-of-the-art and the-practice in this area to consolidate the list of all various test maturity models proposed by practitioners and researchers, the drivers of TMA/TPI, the associated challenges and the benefits and results of TMA/TPI. Our article aims to benefit the readers (both practitioners and researchers) by providing the most comprehensive survey of the area, to this date, in assessing and improving the maturity of test processes. Method: To achieve the above objective, we have performed a Multivocal Literature Review (MLR) study to find out what we know about TMA/TPI. A MLR is a form of a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) which includes the grey literature (e.g., blog posts and white papers) in addition to the published (formal) literature (e.g., journal and conference papers). We searched the academic literature using the Google Scholar and the grey literature using the regular Google search engine. Results: Our MLR and its results are based on 181 sources, 51 (29%) of which were grey literature and 130 (71%) were formally published sources. By summarizing what we know about TMA/TPI, our review identified 58 different test maturity models and a large number of sources with varying degrees of empirical evidence on this topic. We also conducted qualitative analysis (coding) to synthesize the drivers, challenges and benefits of TMA/TPI from the primary sources. Conclusion: We show that current maturity models and techniques in TMA/TPI provides reasonable advice for industry and the research community. We suggest directions for follow-up work, e.g., using the findings of this MLR in industry-academia collaborative projects and empirical evaluation of models and techniques in the area of TMA/TPI as reported in this article. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Citation Count: 0
STUDY ON CLOUD COMPUTING PERCEPTION OF TURKISH IT SECTOR
(Univ Osijek, Tech Fac, 2016) Okan, Aylin Akca; Hacaloglu, Tuna; Yazici, Ali; Information Systems Engineering; Software Engineering
In this paper an empirical study was carried out to study the Cloud Computing (CC) perception in Turkey. To this extent this study intends to determine the perception of Information Technology decision makers such as Chief Executive Officers and Chief Information Officers by means of a survey by questionnaire approach to explore 98 both public and private IT executives' understandings and concerns about CC. The survey aims to determine how CC is perceived by public or private organizations that are already involved in the e-transformation process. Major results of the study are as follows: both public and private sector executives have positive perception over adoption of CC, participants think that especially web, e-mail, data storage and process management applications are adequate for CC. Lack of well-educated and experienced staff is found to be the common barrier on adopting CC by both public and private sector participants.
Citation Count: 0
Study on cloud computing perception of Turkish IT sector;
(Strojarski Facultet, 2016) Akca Okan,A.; Hacaloglu,T.; Yazici,A.; Software Engineering; Information Systems Engineering
In this paper an empirical study was carried out to study the Cloud Computing (CC) perception in Turkey. To this extent this study intends to determine the perception of Information Technology decision makers such as Chief Executive Officers and Chief Information Officers by means of a survey by questionnaire approach to explore 98 both public and private IT executives’ understandings and concerns about CC. The survey aims to determine how CC is perceived by public or private organizations that are already involved in the e-transformation process. Major results of the study are as follows: both public and private sector executives have positive perception over adoption of CC, participants think that especially web, e-mail, data storage and process management applications are adequate for CC. Lack of well-educated and experienced staff is found to be the common barrier on adopting CC by both public and private sector participants. © 2016, Strojarski Facultet. All rights reserved.
Citation Count: 1
A Survey on COSMIC Students Estimation Challenge
(CEUR-WS, 2022) Hacaloglu,T.; Say,B.; Unlu,H.; Omural,N.K.; Demirors,O.; Information Systems Engineering; Software Engineering
Software project management is a significant software engineering practice that is highly related to achieving software-specific project goals. This study aims to share students’ perceptions of incorporating an international software estimation challenge called “COSMIC Students’ Estimation Challenge” into a software project management course. For this aim, students were taught the COSMIC Functional Size Measurement method and entered the competition. After the competition, a questionnaire asking for the students’ opinions was collected. The objective of the research is to get an insight into to what extent incorporating this type of competition activity -a challenge- can contribute to students’ learning perceptions. In the long run, the findings can contribute to creating a foresight about making the necessary curriculum arrangements to form a more up-to-date and dynamic education plan by including the methods applied in the software industry in Software Engineering education. The results suggest that this kind of competition experience and preparation is helpful for students to learn the COSMIC method. © 2020 Copyright for this paper by its authors.
Citation Count: 6
Teaching Software Verification and Validation Course: A Case Study
(Tempus Publications, 2014) Mishra, Deepti; Hacaloglu, Tuna; Mishra, Alok; Computer Engineering; Software Engineering; Information Systems Engineering
Software verification and validation (V & V) is one of the significant areas of software engineering for developing high quality software. It is also becoming part of the curriculum of a universities' software and computer engineering departments. This paper reports the experience of teaching undergraduate software engineering students and discusses the main problems encountered during the course, along with suggestions to overcome these problems. This study covers all the different topics generally covered in the software verification and validation course, including static verification and validation. It is found that prior knowledge about software quality concepts and good programming skills can help students to achieve success in this course. Further, team work can be chosen as a strategy, since it facilitates students' understanding and motivates them to study. It is observed that students were more successful in white box testing than in black box testing.