Terekenin İflâs Hükümlerine Göre Tasfiyesi
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Date
2022
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Abstract
Terekenin iflâs hükümlerine göre tasfiyesi, mirasbırakanın ölümü ile terekesinin en yakın yasal mirasçılarının tamamı tarafından reddi, alt derece lehine ret, hükmi ret, defter tutma talebi halinde veya olağan resmî tasfiye usulü uygulanırken terekenin aktifinin pasifini karşılamadığının anlaşılması hallerinden birinin gerçekleşmesi ile iflâsa tabi şahıslardan olma şartı ve İİK 'da belirtilen iflâs sebeplerinin de varlığı aranmaksızın terekenin Sulh Hukuk Mahkemesi tarafından İİK hükümlerince tasfiye edilmesidir. Olağan iflâs tasfiyesinde görev yapan iflâs teşkilatından farklı olarak terekenin iflâs hükümlerine göre tasfiyesinde, Asliye Ticaret Mahkemesi, İcra Mahkemesi ve iflâs dairesinin görevini üstlenmiş olan Sulh Hukuk Mahkemesi ve iflâs idaresinin görevini ise Sulh Hukuk Mahkemesi tarafından seçilen tasfiye memurları üstlenmiş olup çalışmamızda da bu şekilde kabul edilmiştir. Terekenin iflâs hükümlerine göre tasfiyesinde alacaklıların menfaatleri ön planda olduğundan tereke mallarının tamamı açık artırma veya pazarlık usulü ile paraya çevrilip, sıra cetvelinde belirlenmiş olan alacaklılara dağıtılır. Tasfiyenin kapanmasına karar verilmesi ile ödemelerden sonra artan bir değer olması halinde, bu değer tasfiye memurunun paylaştırma görevi olmaması nedeni ile miras ortaklığına verilir. Tez çalışmamızın birinci bölümünde miras hukukuna ilişkin temel kavramlardan, mirasın intikalinden bahsedilmiş olup ikinci bölümde, terekenin iflâs hükümlerine göre tasfiyesini gerektirecek durumlara değinilmiştir. Son olarak üçüncü bölümde ise terekenin iflâs hükümlerine göre tasfiyesinin usulü TMK ve İİK hükümlerince karşılaştırma yapılarak incelenmiş ve tasfiye aşaması tüm detayları ile açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Anahtar Sözcükler: Tereke 1, Mirasın Reddi 2, Tasfiye 3, Sulh Hukuk Mahkemesi 4, Borca Batık 5.
The liquidation of the estate according to the provisions of bankruptcy, the death of the inheritance, the rejection by all of the closest legal heirs of the estate, the rejection in favor of the lower level, the government, the demand for bookkeeping or the realization of one of the cases when it is understood that the assets of the estate do not meet the liabilities while applying the ordinary official liquidation procedure. and the liquidation of the estate by the Civil Court of Peace in accordance with the provisions of the EBL, without seeking the existence of the reasons for bankruptcy specified in the EBL. In the ordinary bankruptcy liquidation, despite the bankruptcy organization operating, in the liquidation of the estate according to the bankruptcy provisions, there are liquidators selected by the Commercial Court of First Instance, the Execution Court and the Civil Court of Peace, which has undertaken the task of the bankruptcy office, and the Civil Court of Peace, which also undertakes the task of the bankruptcy administration, and this has been accepted in our study as well. Since the interests of the creditors are at the forefront in the liquidation of the estate according to the bankruptcy provisions, all of the estate's goods are converted into money by auction or bargaining method and distributed to the creditors determined in the list. In the event that there is an increased value after the payments with the decision to close the liquidation, this value is given to the inheritance partnership since the liquidator does not have the task of apportionment. In the first part of our thesis, the basic concepts of our inheritance law and the transfer of inheritance are mentioned, and in the second part, the situations that will require the liquidation of the estate according to the bankruptcy provisions are mentioned. In the last part, which is the third, the method of liquidation of the estate according to the bankruptcy provisions has been examined by comparing the provisions of TCL and EBL, and the liquidation phase has been tried to be explained in all details. Keywords: Estate 1, Disclaime of Inheritance 2, Liquidation 3, Magistrates Court 4, Deep in Debt 5.
The liquidation of the estate according to the provisions of bankruptcy, the death of the inheritance, the rejection by all of the closest legal heirs of the estate, the rejection in favor of the lower level, the government, the demand for bookkeeping or the realization of one of the cases when it is understood that the assets of the estate do not meet the liabilities while applying the ordinary official liquidation procedure. and the liquidation of the estate by the Civil Court of Peace in accordance with the provisions of the EBL, without seeking the existence of the reasons for bankruptcy specified in the EBL. In the ordinary bankruptcy liquidation, despite the bankruptcy organization operating, in the liquidation of the estate according to the bankruptcy provisions, there are liquidators selected by the Commercial Court of First Instance, the Execution Court and the Civil Court of Peace, which has undertaken the task of the bankruptcy office, and the Civil Court of Peace, which also undertakes the task of the bankruptcy administration, and this has been accepted in our study as well. Since the interests of the creditors are at the forefront in the liquidation of the estate according to the bankruptcy provisions, all of the estate's goods are converted into money by auction or bargaining method and distributed to the creditors determined in the list. In the event that there is an increased value after the payments with the decision to close the liquidation, this value is given to the inheritance partnership since the liquidator does not have the task of apportionment. In the first part of our thesis, the basic concepts of our inheritance law and the transfer of inheritance are mentioned, and in the second part, the situations that will require the liquidation of the estate according to the bankruptcy provisions are mentioned. In the last part, which is the third, the method of liquidation of the estate according to the bankruptcy provisions has been examined by comparing the provisions of TCL and EBL, and the liquidation phase has been tried to be explained in all details. Keywords: Estate 1, Disclaime of Inheritance 2, Liquidation 3, Magistrates Court 4, Deep in Debt 5.
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Keywords
Hukuk, Miras, Miras hukuku, Mirasın reddi, Law, Inheritance, Tereke, Inheritance law, Disclaimer inheritance, Tereke Defterleri, Estate, İflas, Tereke Registers, Bankruptcy, İflas hukuku, Bankruptcy law
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