Çekin Ziyaı ve İptali

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2019

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Law
(2003)
Started in 2003 with 21 students, the Atılım University School of Law has so far graduated over 1700 students, and currently offers education for more than 1300 students. With the aim stressed by our Founding Dean Prof. Dr. Nami Çağan, we grant students with the background that allows them to access and evaluate information, rather than overloading them with information dumps during our education and training in the field of law. With a curriculum prepared with this approach and our mission in mind, we aim to graduate our students as actual legal experts who have internalized ethical rules, who are knowledgeable in terms of rules and institutions; and who are cultured, versatile, broad-visioned and inquisitive. In addition to basic courses in law conducted by our academic staff as pioneers of their field with respect to these principles, elective courses are available pursuant to current events such as those in mediation for legal disagreements, law and women, sports law, informatics law, media law and legal English; as well as law clinics to offer effective and interactive education. In addition, graduate and doctorate degree programs, alongside certificate programs such as those to train experts, peace-makers, mediators, and trustees in composition, are underway. A member of the European Law Faculties Association (ELFA), our School offers international relations and events, the Erasmus+ program, national and international fictional court contests, law and art days prepared by our student networks, or career forums in law to collaborate in the personal development of our students.

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Çek, görüldüğünde ödenecek bir kıymetli evrak olup muhatap bankaya ibraz süreleri içerisinde ibraz edilirse karşılığının bulunması halinde ödenecektir. Ancak çekin hamilinin elinden hamilin rızası dışında çıkarak zayi olması durumu söz konusu olabilir. Zayi olma çekin, çalınması, kaybedilmesi şeklinde olabileceği gibi ibraz edilemez derece tahrip olması nedeniyle kullanılamayacak hale gelmesi şeklinde de olabilir. Bu gibi durumlarda çekin, muhatap bankaya meşru hamil dışında kişilerce ibraz edilerek, çekin karşılığının muhatap bankaca ödenmesi riski vardır. Zayi olan çekin meşru hamilinin, hakkını çek elinde bulunmadığı için ileri süremesi hakkaniyetli olmayacağından, çekin ziyaı durumunda yapılması gerekenler ile ilgili yasal düzenlemelerin bulunması bir ihtiyaçtan ziyade zorunluluktur. Tez çalışmamızda çekin ziyaı kavramı, çekin ziyaı halinde önleyici tedbir alma hakkı, önleyici tedbir alma hakkına sahip kişiler açıklanıp, keşidecinin çekin ziyaı halindeki durumu değerlendirilmiştir. Bunun yanında zayi olan çekin kimin elinde bulunduğunun bilindiği durumlarda açılacak iade davası ve iade davasının niteliği ortaya konulmuştur. Son olarak ise zayi olan çekin kimin elinde bulunduğunun bilinmediği durumlarda açılabilecek olan iptal davasının niteliği, iptal davasının şartları ile sonuçları açıklanmıştır. İptal davasını açabilecek olan kişiler değerlendirilmiştir. Yine eski TTK'da yer verilen ancak yeni TTK'da yer verilmeyen 711/3.madde kapsamında keşidecinin muhatap bankaya başvurusu ile ödemenin yasaklanmasını sağladığı düzenlemeye, mevcut iptal hükümleri göz önünde bulundurularak yeni TTK'da ne şekilde yer verilmesi gerektiği üzerinde durulmuştur.
A cheque is a commercial paper which will be paid when seen and in case of being an honored cheque when submitted to the drawee bank during submitting periods. However, the loss of the cheque without the bearer's consent could be possible. The loss case can be due to being stolen and lost, or the cheque may become unusable due to the extreme damage on the cheque so as not to be submitted. In such cases, there is the risk of cashing the cheque by the drawee bank when it is submitted to those banks by individuals who are not legal bearers. Since the legal bearer's claim of right would not be fair due to the fact that he/she will not have the cheque, it is an obligation rather than a necessity to find legal regulations regarding what should be done in case of a loss. In our thesis study, the notion of the loss of the cheque, right of taking preventive measures in case of a loss and the individuals who have the right to take preventive measures were explained, and the case of the drawer in the case of a loss was addressed. In addition, restitution action and the quality of restitution action when the cheque holder is known, were discussed. Finally, the quality, conditions and the results of the nullity action which can be filed when the cheque holder is not known were stated. Individuals who could file a nullity action were evaluated. Moreover, how the regulation providing the ban of payment when the drawer applies to the drawee bank whıch should take place ın the new TCC (Turkısh Code of Commerce) wıthın the scope of Artıcle 711/3 consıderıng exıstıng nullıty provısıons was emphasized.

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Hukuk, Kanunlar 6102 sayılı, Kıymetli evrak, Türk Ticaret Kanunu, Law, Laws 6102 numbered, Türk ticaret hukuku, Valuable paper, Turkish Commercial Code, Ziyaı, Turkish commercial law, Ziyaı sorumluluk, Loss, Loss liability, Çekler, Cheques

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101