Pandemi Döneminde Finansal Okuryazarlık ve Finansal Dijitalleşme İlişkisi: Ankara İli Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakülteleri Örneği
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Date
2021
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Abstract
Tarihsel süreç boyunca okuryazarlık kavramı başlarda ancak okuma yazma kabiliyetine sahip olmak olarak ifade edilirken, günümüzde birçok bilginin de öneminin artmasıyla farklı bilgi düzeylerine ulaşabilme yeterliliğini ifade etmektedir. Finansal okuryazarlığı finansal sistem olarak değerlendirdiğimizde, finansal okuryazarlık ile dijital okuryazarlık kavramları ön plana çıkmaktadır. Finansal okuryazarlıkta sergilenen davranışların, dijitalleşme ile ilişkisi günden güne önem kazanmaktadır. Finansal okuryazarlık düzeyi üst seviyelerde olan bireylerin, dijital kanalları kullanımlarında yetersiz bilgi ve deneyimlere sahip olmaları, finansal dijitalleşmenin finansal bilgiyi artırmasının önünde engel olarak karşımıza çıkacaktır. Bu araştırmada finansal okuryazarlığı; finansal bilgi, davranış, tutum ve dijitalleşme dahilinde ele alınıp, finansal okuryazarlık ve finansal dijitalleşme arasındaki ilişkiyi incelerek Covid 19 salgını öncesi ve sonrası bireylerin finansal tutum ve davranışlarındaki değişimlerinin finansal okuryazarlık ve dijitalleşmedeki etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma Ankara ilinde bulunan Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültelerinde okuyan üniversite öğrencileri üzerinde yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre finansal okuryazarlığın bileşenleri ile dijital tutum ve dijital kullanım arasında genel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif yönlü ilişki olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca finansal okuryazarlık ve finansal dijitalleşmede üniversite öğrencilerinin eğitim hayatları süresince finans alanında edinmiş oldukları bilgiler ışığında göstermiş oldukları finansal davranışlar ve tutumlar, finansal dijital tutumlarını ve finansal dijital kullanımlarını etkilemektedir. Pandemi süreciyle beraber hayat standartlarında meydana gelen köklü değişimlerle beraber öğrencilerin edinmiş oldukları finansal tutum ve davranışlarında yine finansal dijitalleşmeye olan yönelimleri dikkat çekmektedir.
While the concept of literacy was initially expressed as having the ability to read and write throughout the historical process, today it refers to the ability to reach different levels of knowledge with the increasing importance of many information. When we consider financial literacy as a financial system, the concepts of financial literacy and digital literacy come to the fore. The relationship between the behaviors exhibited in financial literacy and digitalization is gaining importance day by day. The fact that individuals with high levels of financial literacy have insufficient knowledge and experience in the use of digital channels will be an obstacle to financial digitalization to increase financial knowledge. In this research, financial literacy, which is self-renewing and important in today's financial conditions; In this study, the effects of the changes in financial attitudes and behaviors of individuals before and after the Covid 19 epidemic on financial literacy and digitalization were evaluated by examining the relationship between financial literacy and financial digitalization by considering financial information, behavior, attitude and digitalization. The research was carried out on university students studying at the Faculties of Engineering and Architecture in Ankara. According to the results of the analysis, it was concluded that there is a generally significant and positive relationship between the components of financial literacy, digital attitude and digital use. In addition, financial behaviors and attitudes of university students in financial literacy and financial digitalization, in the light of the knowledge they have acquired during their education life, affect their financial digital attitudes and financial digital use. Along with the radical changes in life standards with the pandemic process, students' orientation to financial digitalization draws attention in their financial attitudes and behaviors.
While the concept of literacy was initially expressed as having the ability to read and write throughout the historical process, today it refers to the ability to reach different levels of knowledge with the increasing importance of many information. When we consider financial literacy as a financial system, the concepts of financial literacy and digital literacy come to the fore. The relationship between the behaviors exhibited in financial literacy and digitalization is gaining importance day by day. The fact that individuals with high levels of financial literacy have insufficient knowledge and experience in the use of digital channels will be an obstacle to financial digitalization to increase financial knowledge. In this research, financial literacy, which is self-renewing and important in today's financial conditions; In this study, the effects of the changes in financial attitudes and behaviors of individuals before and after the Covid 19 epidemic on financial literacy and digitalization were evaluated by examining the relationship between financial literacy and financial digitalization by considering financial information, behavior, attitude and digitalization. The research was carried out on university students studying at the Faculties of Engineering and Architecture in Ankara. According to the results of the analysis, it was concluded that there is a generally significant and positive relationship between the components of financial literacy, digital attitude and digital use. In addition, financial behaviors and attitudes of university students in financial literacy and financial digitalization, in the light of the knowledge they have acquired during their education life, affect their financial digital attitudes and financial digital use. Along with the radical changes in life standards with the pandemic process, students' orientation to financial digitalization draws attention in their financial attitudes and behaviors.
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İşletme, Business Administration, Finansal okuryazarlık, Financial literacy
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153